Naegleria Fowleri

2011 Words5 Pages

The microbe Naegleria fowleri, commonly called the brain-eating-amoeba, was first identified from a fatal case of primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in Australia in 1961. In 1965, three further cases of fatal PAM were found, from which clinical and laboratory investigations pointed to a relation with acute bacterial meningitis among the cases of an unknown etiology. According to Fowler & Carter (1965), when post-death examinations of the bodies were performed researchers found that “microscopically the meningeal exudate consisted of about equal proportions of neutrophil leukocytes and chronic inflammatory cells, amongst which small, often degenerate amoebae were sparsely distributed” (p.740). The species of the organism that caused the amoeboflagellate related disease was later named Naegleria fowleri after one of the primary authors of the report, M. Fowler. Butt reports that the first case of PAM in the United States occurred in Florida in 1962 and a further retrospective study reported by dos Santos Netos suggested that additional identified cases of PAM in Virginia may have dated as far back as 1937 (as cited in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013, Pathogen). As research on the microbe ensues, more cases of PAM are beginning to surface and the search for a cure to the fatal infection is imperative.
The life cycle of Naegleria fowleri includes three different stages: amoeboid trophozoites, flagellates, and cysts; due to the transitory nature of the microbe and the specific forms that it can take, it is frequently referred to as an amoeboflagellate. Despite its abilities to take on various forms, the amoeboid trophozoite is the only infective stage of the microbe and it requires favorable environmental ...

... middle of paper ...

...e, J., & Pernin, P. (1998). Genetic variation in the free-living amoeba
Naegleria fowleri. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64(8), 2977-2981. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106802/pdf/am002977.pdf Trabelsi, H., Dendana, F., Sellami, A., Sellami, H., Cheikhrouhou, F., Neji, S., … Ayadi, A. (2012). Pathogenic free-living amoebae: Epidemiology and clinical review. Pathologie Biologie, 60(6), 399-405.
Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.baylor.edu/science/article/pii/S0369811412000211 Visvesvara, G. S., Moura, H., & Schuster, F. L. (2007). Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandarillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and
Sappinia diploidea. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 50(1), 1-26.
Retrieved from
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2007.00232.x/pdf

More about Naegleria Fowleri

Open Document