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Should government funding be used for space exploration
Should government funding be used for space exploration
History of the American Space Program
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There are many people who see space as the last and greatest frontier for humankind. There are many groups who are leading the way and NASA is one of them. But should our tax dollars be invested in such an idea? No, according to British history professor Jerry DeGroot. His thesis, in the article “is that United States should, a sensually, defund NASA. From what I can tell, he uses mainly pathos to try to sway his argument, leaving very little appeals to ethos and practically none to logos. I’m going to explore these three appeals, as well as many of the fallacies he uses within the piece. His pathos appeal at the surface sound practical. He makes the claim NASA budget could be spent on social programs like feeding the poor. His case makes sense. We should be helping the poor, as well as, other socially helping programs with our tax dollars. He brings in a quote by President Eisenhower, who said that "every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed." Again I can’t argue with this …show more content…
idea. I feel until a true change in balance among humanity occurs, the poor need to be care for. The problem with his pathos appeal is that he uses fallacies to add support to his case. The biggest fallacy his uses is ad hominem. He attacks NASA repeatedly throughout the article. “Unproductive,” “machine for spending money,” and even stating that the moon’s gravity has made NASA a group of lunatics are just some of things he expresses. When it comes to ethos, he resorts to uncited numbers and pre-90’s officials, only which one is actually named. The rest of his backings come in one passing sentence as “Nobel scientists.” Since leaving out their names, we have to make the assumption that he thinks his credentials are truth worthy enough. But is a history professor enough to really sway someone without at least a direct expert supporting his view. Many within the academic community would say, “No.” The last appeal that is barely touched within the article is logos. There is no logical argument here trying to sway someone, one way or the other. It is a pure opinion that seeks company only with fellow-minded individuals. The fallacy that he uses is known as circular reasoning. DeGroot has an argument at the beginning of the article that claims that NASA budget needs to get cut because that money is best used for social programs. He then restates the same argument at the end by using a quote from President Eisenhower. There is no support or even real evidence that NASA’s budget would even help the situation. But the argument he is making is basically NASA’s unneeded budget is hampering the progression of social programs, therefore social programs are being hampered by NASA’s unneeded budget. There are several other fallacies I found within the article.
The first is argumentum ad populum fallacy. He paraphrases a Stephen Hawking quote that say he “had argued that we must colonise other planets to ensure mankind's long-term survival.” The author goes on to say that, “Much as I admire Hawking, that's nonsense. The Earth is indeed doomed, but where might refugees go? Mars makes Antarctica seem like paradise. As for distant galaxies, a spaceship capable of travelling at a million miles per hour (20 times faster than Apollo) would take 4,000 years to reach the nearest star system that might theoretically be hospitable.” The reason this is an ad populum fallacy is because he going after the current weaknesses of mankind and has decided to ignore two basic facts. The speed of which technology improves over time and the drive of humans to explore. Both as back by general knowledge of human
history. The final fallacy that Degroot commits is the appeal to faith. He doesn’t directly use his faith, in fact he doesn’t even state what faith he subscribes to. However, given that he lives in England, a prominent Christian nation, and that he works at the University of St. Andrews, a prominent catholic institution, I can only gather that he is catholic. There was one thing that he said that caught my attention was in the response he gave to Hawking quote in the previously paragraph. “The Earth is indeed doomed”. There are only two types of people that think these way. A realist and zealot. The fact that he seeks to not want to explore from our earthly horizons, even with its certain doom, shows that he is plain and simple a zealot that ether beliefs we have no business in space, or think God’s plan for us is to die on earth like the bible foretells. The article overall a very serious point to consider. The poor in this country are dying from many solvable solutions. However, NASA’s budget is just too small and too important to just gut and spread among the needy, especially since there are greater and more money rich budgets that could be reduce or even cut, within the United States budget, that would have little to no impact on our future.
Every child dreams of meeting or becoming just like their favorite character. Kids will do just about anything to get their parents to buy the product. You can have any type of power you want you just have to try one of the pieces of candy and watch the magic appear within you. Remember it only lasts 24 hours. Ethos, pathos, and logos is expressed throughout the commercial and on the box the candy’s come in. If you want to see what will happen to you then try our product today. It really works!
There are three methods of persuasion when speaking or writing to an audience: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos. Ethos uses a type of socially recognized authority as its voice. Logos uses logic and reasoning as its tool. Lastly, Pathos uses emotional attachment. For instance, the advertising industry primarily utilizes Ethos and Pathos reasoning and qualities, particularly a Matthew Mcconaughey Lincoln Motor Company commercial, and a Safe driving bonus check Ally Insurance commercial.
- The best example is to keep the logo as clean and clean as possible, Google company logo
Inside out is a movie about a girl named Riley Anderson who is born with five emotions joy, sadness, fear, disgust and anger. These emotions are housed in Riley’s mind called headquarters. Each emotion plays a very big role in Riley’s life because they chose how she should feel during every second of the day since she was born. As riley got older things changed and her parents decided to move to San Francisco. Moving to a different state and city really made Riley’s life go downhill. Riley’s emotions fear, anger, disgust, and sadness were put into effect when she realizes she has to start a new school, and make new friends. Joy is displayed as a character who take charge and is always happy. For example, joys doesn’t like when other emotion
There is nothing better than music. With countless songs, artists, and genres of music in this world, there cannot be just the sound of music or singing. People want visuals to their favorite sounds as well. They love the music videos, album covers, posters, and magazines. Music Icons magazine pays tribute to very influential and popular bands of all time essentially. On the cover of this particular edition, “Pink Floyd” printed across the top in large, black letters with the subheadings: “The Story Behind Every Album” in red letters and “50 Year Salute to Rock’s Most Mysterious Band” below that in black letters. At the very top of the cover, the band’s most popular album’s covers are at the top in chronological order of when they were released. There is a white brick pattern background and along the bottom are the band’s four main members in black and white. This edition was printed in 2015 in the United Kingdom and the articles inside are not credited to one particular writer. The cover seems simple but it is still effective. Music Icons effectively reaches their target audience of Pink Floyd fanatics, along with people who might have heard of the band, but do not know anything about them through pathos, logos, and slight lack of
A man gets up in the morning with nothing to do, why not play the Nintendo Switch to start your day? Want to have a good time and excitement with your family and friends? Nintendo Switch is what you want! It is easy to connect and disconnect. It is portable and can join other player with Nintendo Switch and can be played anywhere. Most of all, it is for all ages and they have a wide variety of games to choose from such as: Boxing, Dancing and Adventure games.
In a society dominated by visual activity it is not uncommon to be faced with images
On September 11, 2001, America was forever changed. On this day, America faced the biggest terrorist attack that had ever been carried out; thousands of people lost their lives that day. Throughout the sadness and mourning of this terrible event, George Bush addressed the nation with one of the most memorable speeches. When President Bush addressed the nation, he stated that America is strong and they could try to bring us down, but we will not be broken.This speech gave hope to many Americans and helped them remember to stay strong. This day will be forever remembered for all the souls that lost their lives and the brave people who threatened their own life to save others.
Many veterans in the nation are struggling to find clothes, shelter, and food. Veterans from the Vietnam War until the most recent wars do not receive the appreciation and the care that they deserve. Due to the lost cause during the Vietnam War, many Americans turned away from supporting the military. After the Vietnam War, military antipathy was on the rise. In the 21st Century, organizations such as Wounded Warrior, Salvation Army, and Travis Manion Foundation are some of the few that provide aid for military veterans. Although someone can argue that veterans receive enough aid from these organizations, a great deal of veterans are sleeping in public shelter homes or wandering in the streets begging for food and clothes. Five Finger Death Punch produced
Bill Nye, the “Science Guy,” asserts, “NASA is an engine of innovation and inspiration as well as the world's premier space exploration agency, and we are well served by politicians working to keep it that way, instead of turning it into a mere jobs program, or worse, cutting its budget.” The United States of America’s government is currently in an economic debt encompassing billions of US dollars. Unfortunately, the government has attempted to balance finances by cutting the funding for most programs, including NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NASA, in over half a century, has brought the most economic, technological, and social benefits than any other program held here in the USA, as well as any other extraterrestrial program in the world. The last thing this nation needs is the cutting of NASA finances. NASA should be receiving more funding because the Earth will not last forever and humans will need a place to live, there’s a curiosity within humans about the vast universe they live in, there is evidence to suggest life on other planets, the USA’s superpower status will be improved, and the economical income NASA brings is more efficient than any other governmental or educational program.
“In a fraught fiscal climate, NASA should focus on what it does best and on what offers the best return on investment. Solar system exploration meets both criteria: the U.S. has long led the interplanetary charge, and the resulting scientific benefits have come at a relative bargain. This year NASA 's planetary science program cost about $1.5 billion -- less than what NASA spent designing a congressionally mandated rocket, the Space Launch System, which appears more likely to satisfy aerospace contractors than to aid the cause of space exploration. Such directives from lawmakers all too often land in NASA 's lap without the funds to carry them out (To The
To me, this emphasizes the fact that we continually embark on useless space voyages instead of considering the problems at hand. I can support this because the cost of space voyages is at the minimum of $500 to the maximum of $700 million. Found in Source B, on page 201, paragraph 3, lines 14-15 “It costs $500 to $700 million every time the shuttle flies.” This is a large sum of money, that has the capability to help many, yet we do not do this. If you can possibly visualize this, many people can find new homes, get well fed, and give their children a future to look up to, instead of wasting the money on a government project. In fact, the National Census Bureau of Statistics claimed over 46.5 people fell in poverty since 2014. Also stated, it would roughly take $175.3 billion to completely eliminate poverty. This is a tremendous amount of money, although we could have easily reduced this amount of money by limiting space exploration. Found on page 202, paragraph 3, lines 24-28 it is stated “The space station costs upward of $100 billion, yet its critics call it a “station to nowhere.” It has no clearly defined scientific purpose. Once, President George H.W. Bush’s science adviser was asked about the benefits of doing experiments in weightlessness and microgravity. His response was, “Microgravity is of micro importance.” This showing, space exploration had no importance whatsoever compared to the amount of people dying every
...?NASA’s advancements in technology continues to generate billions of dollars, provide employment to numerous people and most importantly ,save lives. Today we see more and more young people taking up careers and jobs in the field of science.
The main argument against space travel says that the money used could be better put on other matters. This is in fact very untrue. Looking at NASA’s 2015 budget of 17.5 billion, it may seem like a lot, until you realize that the US military budget for 2014 was 581 billion dollars (5). Furthermore, it was estimated that each dollar in NASA’s budget was equivalent to 8 – 10 dollars of economic benefit (6). If an organization can bring about economic value at 10 folds the original budget, it would be logical to continue funding it, if not increasing the funds. Even if we disregard the economic value of the space program, the achievements of NASA speak for themselves. The ability to send humans onto the moon, survey the surface of Mars using the Curiosity rover, and even finding water on a foreign planet is astounding. Even looking at the International Space Station, it seems abundantly clear that the space program brings more unanimity between nations than the military will ever hope to achieve, while the military has a budget 33 times that of the space program. Hence, blaming the costs of the space program is an absurd argument, as the budget that is put into the program is used very
Over the course of this great country’s history there have been grotesque wars, groundbreaking discoveries, and ultimately new standards set. As a nation, the United States was built on the grounds of exploration. Testing the boundaries and reaching new heights is how the U.S. became what it is today, and is what distinguishes the U.S. from other countries. Now, of course, not every person is a scientist, astronaut, or great explorer. This is nearly impossible simply due to the fact that society branches off into countless different people with varying interests, jobs, and focuses. However, this is the time for the United States to provide its space program with the funding it needs to pave the way for a brighter future for all of mankind.