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Research on self reflection
Research on self reflection
Research on self reflection
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The ongoing dilemma of demonstration of sound morality versus the guaranteed personal gain of cheating is one that we encounter on a daily basis. A recent study by Gino and Mogilner (2014) contends a potential link between time, money and morality by means of using self reflection cues on participants who have been offered the opportunity to cheat for money. Although Ginos (2014) study does provide grounded evidence for a potential link between self reflection and the diminished occurrence of cheating as supported by a wide range of similar studies, confounding variables for the cause of dishonest behaviour challenge the validity of the claim of a link between money and morality.
As humans, the idea of “morality is central to [our] self image,” (Gino & Mogilner, 2014) and is an important means of judging not only how we see ourselves as a person, but the way in which we judge the quality of others. (Bryan, Adams & Monin, 2013). However, despite its detrimental implications, cheating is undeniably ubiquitous in our everyday lives due to the positive implications for the cheater (Ruedy, Moore, Gino & Schweitzer, 2013). A recent study conducted by Ginos (2014) investigated the correlation between self reflection and the resulting effect on the prevalence and severity of cheating due to self-interest hypothesised to have been caused by exposure to money. This study contends that there is a significant and relevant link between time, money and morality, based on their findings that conclude that priming participants with a means of self reflection, rather than money yields a greater chance of honest participant action. Widely found evidence supports Gino’s findings (2014) that delicate prompts that direct participants...
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...strategic placement of mirrors.
Although Gino’s study (2014) provides evidence that the offer of a means of self reflection before being given an opportunity to cheat by prompting people to reflect on what kind of person they want to be how they want themselves to be perceived by others, therefore encouraging them to act in ways that are deemed socially admirable, “[reducing] their likelihood of behaving dishonestly” (Gino et al. 2014). Although the validity of this claim is well supported, the proposed link between time, money and morality is conclusively not strong enough to be relevant due to the weak link between the proposed hypothesis that money causes cheating. Further studies should investigate the effect of the self reflection prime on cheating that has been hypothetically caused by several variables, including money, in order to solidify the prior claim.
People tend to blindly cheat to get what they want, and go about it as if it were normal. People don’t usually want to work for things if they can get it the easy way. In Stephen L. Carter’s article “The Rules about Rules”, Carter explains why Americans choose to cheat and how they don’t necessarily know right from wrong. Carter’s interpretation is accurate people do lack integrity due to having low self-esteem, and not having the courage to be different and separating themselves from the crowd.
William Damon uses the classical rhetorical devices of logos, pathos and ethos to convince his audience of the urgency to address the decline of honesty. He provides a balanced assessment of the need for discretion in specific circumstance, the expectation of lying that leads to the decline in honesty, and the outright accommodation to cheat without consequence. By alluding to historical attitudes regarding honesty, Damon provides a vast background to support his thesis. His essay successfully evokes a response to this current situation of decline in honesty, and creates an urgent call for action to restore the virtue of honesty. As a society, the audience would likely agree with Damon that the virtue of honesty is fundamental to the success of democracy and we would desire to espouse to the protection of this jeopardized virtue.
Dan Ariley’s "factors to decrease dishonesty" have connections to how students can stop cheating in and outside of the class room. In the class room, it is easy for the students to look up an answer on their phone to cheat on a test or exam. The way to stop cheating among college students is to think about their morals and honor pledges. If a student cheats on a test and receive a good grade, the student will not have the same feeling as the get a good grade
An experiment by Gerhard Blickle, and Alexander Schlegel attempted to recreate results of Collins and Schmidt’s study about psychological influences on white-collar crime. The experiment involved personality tests on 150 managers currently working in German corporations and 76 white-collar criminals. They compared the personality results of the criminals to the non-criminals, much like Collins and Schmidt’s experiment in the United States of America. Blickle and Schlegel found that white-collar crime offenders were more hedonistic (Blickle et al., 2006). Hedonistic individuals are those who engage in the pursuit of pleasure. According to the Rational Choice Theory, individuals commit crimes when they perceive the reward is greater than the punishment. For those who tend to pleasure seek, crime would seem the most rational choice. The crime’s reward is worth the possible punishment to these individuals. Blickle and Schlegal also found that narcissistic tendencies were more common in white-collar criminals (Blickle, et al., 2006). Narcissism is described as having overindulgent self interest and care for one’s appearance. These traits can add to the temptations of criminal activity. Caring for only oneself would allow illegally soliciting money from
Hypothesis 2: Anticipatory regret about passing up a last opportunity for enrichment will make people more willing to cheat when they think that no more cheating opportunities remain.
In a study conducted by Andrew Dugan, it was discovered that there is a difference between what each gender sees as good and bad. Men were found to be more accepting of pornography and having affairs while married, while, in comparison, women were more accepting of having a child outside of marriage and homosexual relations (Dugan 1). There is an apparent division among the genders which is not innate. The primary aspect of people’s lives that assists in personal development is society. It is society that shapes morality among the genders, causing a blatant dissent between what each gender perceives as right and wrong. Society influences individuals with three main techniques: observation, interaction, and justification.
As a child, your parents always told you that old moral lesson, “What goes around comes around.” Some may call it good luck or bad luck, but I refer to it as karma. When one is faced with a moral choice, he or she has to differ right from wrong. People are hesitant about making the wrong decision because the outcome you may endure is the negative feeling of guilt.
Infidelity is depicted as an extremely negative thing in the United States, and is often blamed for trust issues, psychologically damaging the spouse and their children, tearing apart marriages and families and more. People who commit adultery are often shamed and told how wrong what they did is and what a terrible person they are for doing it. According to the Journal of Martial and Family by the Associated Press, however, 41% of “marriages where one or both spouses admit to infidelity, either physical or emotional.” Clearly, while infidelity is generally viewed negative by society, many people either decide that it is not as negative as it is portrayed, or do not care and do it anyway. “The Lady with the Pet Dog” and “The Storm” both go against the typical view of adultery being a negative thing in a relationship by showing that it can actually have a beneficial outcome and leave some, if not all people happier.
One of the most treasured and cherished virtues any human beings can possess is honesty. William Damon is a professor of education at Stanford University, director of the Stanford Center on Adolescence, and a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution. In his essay, “The Death of Honesty” which was published by the hoover institute at Harvard University in 2012, Williams explains how dishonesty has been accepted in the world of today. He discussed the increase in the “death of honest.” William Damon utilized logos to convince his targeted audience on the current state of honesty within one’s professional, religious, political, academic and personal links. This essay appeal to varieties of people among which includes young and old adults,
Tang, T., & Sutarso, T. (2013). Falling or Not Falling into Temptation? Multiple Faces of Temptation, Monetary Intelligence, and Unethical Intentions Across Gender. Journal Of Business Ethics, 116(3), 529-552.
Study 4 hypothesized that weakening evidence for negative desires reduces intentionality judgments for negative side effects. Conversely, increasing evidence for positive desire should increase intentionality judgements for positive side effects. Two different modified versions of Knobe’s vignette were presented to participants and were asked the same yes or no intentionality and desire questions (dependent variables) as in Study 1. 89 people were presented with a regretful CEO who claimed it was unfortunate if the environment got harmed, but profits needed to increase. Inversely, 39 people were presented with a cheerful CEO who was excited about increasing profits just as much as aiding the environment. Compared to Study 1, negative intentions
People tend to associate with others who share the same values and morals as they do. People who are unfaithful tend to assume that everyone is, while those who remain faithful tend to believe that extramarital affairs are unusual. Since infidelity takes on several different forms, it is appropriate to consider the fact that many people believe that this sort of behaviour would be considered acceptable.
Both school teachers and sumo wrestlers will cheat as a response to different incentives: reward of money (economic), social acceptance (social), or to feel good about themselves (moral). “It takes one to know one” relates to understanding how one cheats.
Valsiner, J. (2007). Personal culture and conduct of value. Journal of Social, Evolutionary, and Cultural Psychology, 1(2), 59-65.
It is in every human nature to run after success and happiness. In this case, cheating can stimulate joy as it is sweet as sugar, but at the same time, bring sorrow by leaving saltiness in your tongue. Most of the people define success through academic achievements and qualifications; hence, to achieve this success, it depends on the procedures that individuals decide to use; where cheating is one of them. In normal circumstances, there are significant gambles on a test where the stake is substantial and irrespective of the preparation conducted, some random variables are unaccountable. For instance, there is this simple conditional phrase where “ask a friend for the math assignment” as it is not easy for anyone to comprehend the feeling of failure. Irrespective of what one ought to gamble on, it is critical to be committed to it, but not to doubt yourself on the same since issues will automatically start to arise. Apparently, I am not proud of