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Things fall apart by chinua Achebe themes and character
Things fall apart by chinua Achebe themes and character
Things fall apart analysis essay
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Achebe’s first novel, yet most widely known of all his work, is ‘Things Fall Apart’. It follows the story of Okonkwo, a successful man in Umofia with a fear of looking weak who takes care and kills a boy named Ikemefuna, later gets exiled for 7 years from Umofia, and after white colonists invade their village and it is that his village will not fight against them, Okonkwo hangs himself. Although Unoka, Okonkwo’s father, is mentioned in detailed only in the beginning and then sparesly mentioned there on, throughout these events of the novel, he had a big influence on Okonkwo. The extent of Unoka’s influence throughout the novel can be seen by looking at the chracter of the protagnist Okonkwo, the plot, and tone. Okonkwo is described as quick …show more content…
Since Unoka had none of that, Okonkwo considered him very effeminate and Okonkwo tried to be the opposite of that which is to be very masculine. One of the symbols used to symbolize this masculinity is yams because as the novel states, “Yam, the king of crops, was a man's crop.” (pg 23). From a young age, Okonkwo tried to grow his own yams and later he eventually had two barns of yams. “He was a wealthy farmer and had two barns full of yams, and had just married his third wife.” (pg 8). Okonkwo was more masculine than his father bcuase he had more yams than him. Another symbol used in the novel is folk tales, which Okonkwo sees as feminate. “When he was a child his mother had told him a story about it [why mosquitos are always buzzing in people’s ear]. But it was as silly as all women's stories.” (pg 75). Okonkwo doesn’t like folk tales for the reason that they are women’s and children’s stories. The only time he thinks of one is after he killed Ikemefuna, when he feels his weakest. His dislike of folk tales comes from the fact that he does not want to be thought of as effiminate like his father. The two symbols used in the novel show a desire in Okonkwo to appear masculine, a desire influenced by his
by Chinua Achebe, Okonkwo depicts his masculinity in many different ways, even if it hurts the people closest to him. He feels it is necessary to display his manliness so he does not end up like his father Unoka. “He had no patience with unsuccessful men. He had no patience with his father” (4). Okonkwo correlates virility with aggression and feels the only emotion he should show is anger, leaving him no way to cope with the death of his culture.
If viewed on the surface the story line of Things Fall Apart is a tragedy, but when viewed in a wider perspective it is a story of deeper conflict. The main issue is that the British have come to establish a mission and receive converts. Less evident is the conflict this intrusion inserts between the Ibo and British. The underlying issue is masculinity versus femininity. By this I mean to say that the Ibo are an agrarian people who are a patriarchal and see any sign of weakness as being less than desirable. The protagonist in the story, Okonkwo, is the champion of this thought. As what would happen to him seems to happen to the Ibo. When Okonkwo disagrees he is usually correct and the tribe would suffer the same fate and vice versa.
Africa has a colorful and multifaceted literary history. Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart has developed into a stepping-stone in the correlation between Western and African writing. African journalism ranges from oral passages to stories and wise sayings. These aspects make up an important part of world literature, adding different perspectives to the melting pot of beliefs and views. Achebe accomplishes this with the seamless integration of the traditionally used cultural elements typically seen in African writing into his contemporary novel. Many misconceptions about this traditional part of culture still remain in many minds as the truth, yet many fail to see what countless communities throughout this beautiful continent have created: elegant
The character of Okonkwo in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart was driven by fear, a fear of change and losing his self-worth. He needed the village of Umuofia, his home, to remain untouched by time and progress because its system and structure were the measures by which he assigned worth and meaning in his own life. Okonkwo required this external order because of his childhood and a strained relationship with his father, which was also the root of his fears and subsequent drive for success. When the structure of Umuofia changed, as happens in society, Okonkwo was unable to adapt his methods of self-evaluation and ways of functioning in the world; the life he was determined to live could not survive a new environment and collapsed around him.
Things Fall Apart, written by Chinua Achebe, is a novel filled with violence and brutality. The novel follows Okonkwo and his life in eighteenth century Nigeria. Okonkwo dealt with the failure of his father and the misfortune he left him with. Many of his decisions are based on his negative view of his father. A scene pertaining directly to Unoka’s apparent shortcomings as a father is Ikemefuna’s death. The idea of the past haunting a person through life is expressed in this scene of brutality. Ikemefuna’s murder is an extreme example of violence pertaining to the theme. He was brutally killed by his father figure, Okonkwo, and other men in the community. The oracle had professed that it was time for him to be killed for the crimes his birth
Civilization is most often defined by its prevailing culture. In Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, this connection is still apparent. Okonkwo’s father, Unoka, displayed an appreciation of culture, as well as a deliberate incorporation of it into his life. While he didn’t treasure hard work or labor, Unoka was infatuated by his village’s music and stories, and was well known for his verbal prowess. In one respect, he held characteristics that were traditionally associated with femininity, but in another, he represented the Nguzo Saba principle of Kuumba, or creativity. Unoka was titleless, and in one word lazy, but he was still able to contribute to his people in ways he saw best fit.
All throughout history, we see this dichotomy between tradition and modernity. On one hand, we have tradition, the force living perpetually in the past and refusing to change. On the other hand, modernity leaves tradition behind in favor of progress. These two concepts, much like oil and water, dare to divide but coexist as a debatable founding solution. Not only are the themes Western ideas, but they have been present and are found in literature all around the world, from China to Africa.
Things fall apart by Chinva Acheloe is a historical fiction book set in Nigeria it is about Okonkwo a man who belongs to an Igbo clan. The clan is the most powerful clan in the area and is feared by all, it highly values its traditions, strength, power in medicine and masculinity. Okonkwo was someone who if they had a picture of masculinity he would be it. He was famed to be the best wrestler in his prime he became famous when he was able to put the one with the title of cat on the ground, he was called cat as only his feet had ever touched the ground before Okonkwo wrestled him. He was a great farmer of the yam, the yam was the symbol of masculinity and was considered a “man’s food” he started his farm from scratch but before long it was one
Before the arrival of the Europeans, Achebe did a excellent job portraying how the life of Igbo was before they were forced to oppose their own culture. To support this theme, Achebe included detailed descriptions of social rituals within each family, the justice system, religious practices and consequences, preparation and indulgence of food, the marriage process and the distributing of power within the men. Achebe shows how every man has an opportunity to prove himself worthy to achieve a title on the highest level, based merely on his own efforts. One may argue that the novel was written with the main focus on the study of Okonkwo’s character and how he deteriorates, but without the theme that define the Igbo culture itself, we would never know the universe qualities of the society that shaped Okonkwo’s life. The lives of the Igbo people was no different to the actual lives of the Ibos people back in the early days of Africa. Just like in Things Fall Apart, in actual African tribes there was never a ruler. “Very interesting thing about these villages is that there is no single ruler or king that controls the population. Decisions are made by including almost everyone in the village” (AfricaGuide). Using the theme, Achebe educated readers on by mirroring real African life in her
Iyasẹre, Solomon Ogbede. “Okonkwo's Participation in the Killing of His ‘Son’ in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart: A Study of Ignoble Decisiveness.” Understanding Things Fall Apart: Selected Essays and Criticism. Troy, NY: Whitson, 1998. 129-40. Print.
Chinua Achebe challenges the social expectations of men through the protagonist Okonkwo. n the opening of the novel, readers learn of Okwonko's strength as "the older men agreed it was one of the fiercest since the founder of their town engaged a spirit of the wild for seven days and seven nights," which immediately draws readers into a world of competition. However Okwonko's status in the community was not only a result of his wrestling ability, but also because he "had risen so suddenly from great poverty and misfortune to be one of the lords of his clan." Okwonko is haunted by his father Unoka, who died a man with many debts. He grew up knowing the clan thought his father was a failure because of his soft and happy nature, and the pain fused to his spirit as "his whole life was dominated by fear, the fear of failure and of weakness," but not just any fear for "it was deeper and more intimate than the fear of evil and capricious gods and of magic, the fear of the forest, and of the forces of nature, malevolent, red in tooth and claw."
Throughout history, there have been many instances of people struggling to identify and cope with change and tradition, and this is no different in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart.
He illustrates the theme communication is essential to compromise through the characterization of Okonkwo, the conflict between Nwoye and his father, and the foreshadowing of future conflicts. Achebe develops the theme through the characterization of Okonkwo and his relationship with his father, Unoka. Unoka is described as being “lazy and improvident” (Achebe 4), the opposite of his son’s strong, independent nature. While the protagonist is strong minded and cunning, his father was “quite incapable of thinking” (4).
In the novel Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe sets the story in a Nigerian village called Umuofia. Achebe splits the book into three parts, where he explains how the Igbo people had lived when they ruled themselves and how their village began to change after the white missionaries arrived to take over. The main character in the novel is Okonkwo, a very successful man who represents how the marginalized people felt with the arrival of the white men. He represents those who did not desire to adapt to a new culture and betray their ancestral beliefs. Achebe represents the Igbo people as peaceful, united and strong cultural believers in order to contrast the way others have made them to be.
Chinua Achebe's novel, Things Fall Apart, uses the changes in African tribal culture brought about by European colonization to illustrate the evolution of the character Okonkwo. As Okonkwo leads his life, his experiences, personality and thought are revealed to the reader. The obstacles he faces in life are made numerous as time progresses. Okonkwo's most significant challenge originates within himself. He also encounters problems not only when in opposition to the white culture, but in his own culture, as he becomes frustrated with tribal ideals that conflict with his own. The last adversary he encounters is of the physical world, brought upon himself by his emotional and cultural problems. The manner through which Okonkwo addresses his adversaries in Things Fall Apart creates the mechanism that leads to his eventual destruction.