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Importance of memory in Education
Importance of memory in Education
Importance of memory in Education
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Mary is a nine year old student who is currently in third grade. She repeated kindergarten showing difficulties in memorizing her letters and their phonetic sounds. Unfortunately, having her go through the kindergarten curriculum for two years did not show substantial growth in her ability to put words together. Mary qualified for speech therapy in syntax construction by scoring in the low seventies demonstrating difficulty repeating and forming a sentence with given words. German & Newman (2007) found deficits in verbal language effects how a student will read orally. Furthermore, 50% of children with reading disabilities have a deficit in language-based reading, and phonic retrieval. Knowing this information, the classroom, teacher, …show more content…
Some suggestions given during the ARD meeting was to use a visual edge board that will slant all reading material, is magnetic and has the capability to write on using a dry erase marker. This will enable Mary to take notes on reading material to enhance her understanding of the story. Another difficulty Mary is facing is her cognitive deficit in short term memory. Some recommendations the special education teacher suggested was to break up instruction into smaller portions, shorten assignments, and keep a notebook with definitions and examples of ways to complete classroom material properly. In addition, a great tool for learning two hundred and twenty dolch sight words is using Picture Me Reading flashcards allowing visual pictures to easily memorize common words. Furthermore, since Mary seems to retain information read to her so she would benefit from choral reading, taped text, and echo reading with a peers. Finally, Dr. Timothy Rasinski suggests that reading poems, songs, and reading theater with the printed text builds
Torgesen (1998) claims that the top reasons students have difficulties with reading is because they have issues correlating letters and sounds in words, or phonological awareness. Many students also have trouble memorizing sight words and many also have an
The teacher implemented that this was ok. In the beginning of the year, Cassandra was able to use picture clues when she was having a difficult time reading a story. Ms. Perez helped Cassandra with her reading in different ways. Cassandra was able to become a fluent reading because the teacher used guided reading, partner reading and independent reading with Cassandra. Cassandra was able to make progress because she was influenced by practicing with books she knew and with books that she was not so familiar with. She also did activities that reinforced her reading like for example she was learning how to blend words. The way Ms. Perez worked with Cassandra really helped out Cassandra in the end of May because Cassandra was able to use for strategies when she read. For example, Cassandra was able to sound out words, self-correct herself when reading and use picture clues to sound out words. Also at the end of the school year, Cassandra was able to connect her reading with writing out
The Early Literacy Skills Builder is for elementary-aged students with moderate and severe cognitive disabilities who have not acquired print and phonemic awareness. In the Early Literacy Skills Builder (ELSB) all responses have been developed for either verbal responding or nonverbal responding. Nonverbal students may use assistive technology, pointing, or eye gazing to make target responses. Guidelines are offered for promoting active student participation in reading (e.g., saying a repeated story line) and understanding the story. Students who complete the ELSB are ready for instruction in a beginning reading
In The Things They Carried, by Tim O’Brien, a character named Mary Ann is introduced as the girlfriend of Vietnam soldier Mark Fossie. Even more so than the other American soldiers in Vietnam, Mary Ann is the embodiment of an outsider, in some sense, just like the soldiers. She is also the representation of American naivety in the Vietnam War. She does not belong there, and her story accentuates what happens when someone’s surroundings affect him or her. She arrives to Vietnam as Mark Fossie’s girlfriend, and she is the only tangible example of love in the novel. Mary Ann gets there dressed in her pink sweater and her white culottes, with a fresh face and a very curious personality. She wants to know about everything. She is the perfect representation
In the writing by Mary Astell, Mary describes that women should strive for higher learning or knowledge instead of falling behind men when it comes to decision making. Mary is a well-educated woman herself and she could therefore see the injustice of the treatment to women during her time period a lot clearer than most other women. It became visible to her the lack of choice women were given, “A woman, indeed, can’t properly be said to choose; all that is allowed her, is to refuse or accept what is offered.” (Pg. 2422) In this line, Mary hints that women only have a choice between slim amounts of offerings for marriage. She is later seen saying if women were more knowledgeable they would likely hold a higher standard for themselves “If
According to research, over the period of the 1984-2012, the Reading Recovery program resulted in over 77% of participants who completed the intervention met the grade-level expectations in reading and writing. In addition to Reading Recovery, Brian received adjusted spelling tests where the number of correct letters were credited rather than correct words. Although, the continuous progress classroom consists of third, fourth, and fifth graders, the Reading Recovery program is specifically for younger children; therefore, appears inappropriate given Brian’s grade. Since Brian demonstrates no conspicuous progress in his reading difficulties based on the instructional modifications administered, the author concludes the modifications as ineffective; therefore suggests further
There are many “tools” that could be considered for a student who has trouble listening and understanding instructions. Sometimes, just an adjustment of where the child sits fixes the problem or eliminates the barrier. Other times, assistive technology is needed. Today, the options for assistive technology are endless. In Samanthas case there were many options of assistive technology I could provide her with to help her be successful in the classroom.
Scarborough. H. S. (1998). Predicting the future achievement of second graders with reading disabilities: Contributions of phonemic awareness, verbal memory, rapid naming, and IQ. Annals of Dyslexia. 48 (1), p115-136.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Speech Sound Disorders affect the development of early literacy skills. This topic is particularly valuable to parents and teachers of language learners because working with individuals who manifest persistent speech errors and language difficulties may have a difficult time developing literacy skills in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. A Speech Sound Disorder occurs when language errors continue past a certain age. This may require that a language teacher intervene with explicit and adapted remedial speech or literacy instruction. To understand Speech Sound Disorders in greater detail, I will explore the most common characteristics of a Speech Sound Disorders and how it relates to the phonological process, generally supposed contributors of these speech delays, the predictors and challenges for literacy outcomes, and the most effective approaches and phonological interventions practiced.
Diane Pedrotty Bryant, J. E. (2001). Iris. Retrieved April 1, 2011, from Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities in Reading" Vocanulary Development: http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/infoBriefs_local/cld/cld_vocabulary
The classroom is a diverse place where learners from all different genres of life meet. Included in these learners are those that display learning disabilities. According to the British Columbia School Superintendent’s Association, ‘learning disabilities refer to a number of conditions that might affect the acquisition, organization, retention, understanding or use of verbal or nonverbal information. These disorders affect learning in individuals who otherwise demonstrate at least average abilities essential for thinking and/or reasoning’. They also posit that ‘learning disabilities result from impairments in one or more processes related to perceiving, thinking, remembering or learning. These include, but are not limited to language processing,
Sequencing words and using syntax have been observed to be an area of difficulty. Often students with Down Syndrome will omit verbs and functional words, making their speech unintelligible to unfamiliar listeners. These impairments are likely a result of the mild to moderate intellectual disability caused by Down Syndrome. Just as we accommodate a child with disabilities in the classroom, music therapists have created an alternative method of communication for children with delays in speech and language
Assistive technology plays an important role in the learning process for individuals with disabilities. Assistive technology is defined as "any item, piece of equipment or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities." (Maushak, Kelley & Blodgett, 2001, p. 419) Assistive technology is very beneficial to individuals that have disabilities. For example, students with mental retardation benefit from extremely organized learning situations because of their limited cognitive abilities. Students who are hearing impaired, blind, or visually impaired may need differentiated pedagogical materials. More emphasis should be placed on visual materials for students with hearing impairments than for other students. Modifying instruction for all students, especially exceptional students, requires strong dependence on media, materials and technology and the right choice of these components to fit particular ends. Moreover, research has indicated that technology not only can be adapted for use with students with disabilities, but when used can enhance students' educational achievement and self-image. (Duhaney & Duhaney, 2000, p. 393) With this knowledge, there have been many new products that have been developed to help individualize programs to fit the criteria for specific disabilities. Through out this paper we will be disusing three different pieces of assistive technologies. We will be looking at Dynawrite, AlphaSmart, and Texthelp and the benefits of each program.
Reading is an essential skill that needs to be addressed when dealing with students with disabilities. Reading is a skill that will be used for a student’s entire life. Therefore, it needs to be an important skill that is learned and used proficiently in order for a student to succeed in the real world. There are many techniques that educators can use to help improve a student’s reading comprehension. One of these skills that needs to be directly and explicitly taught is learning how to read fluently for comprehension. “To comprehend texts, the reader must be a fluent decoder and not a laborious, word-by-word reader” (Kameenui, 252). Comprehension can be difficult for students with learning disabilities because they tend to be the students that are reading below grade level. One strategy is to incorporate the student’s background knowledge into a lesson. This may require a bit of work, but it will help the students relate with the information being pres...
Many students have a hard time when it comes to reading. There are many reading inventions that can help students out. Reading inventions are strategies that help students who are having trouble reading. The interventions are techniques that can be used to assist in one on ones with students or working in small groups to help students become a better reader. Hannah is a student who seems to be struggling with many independent reading assignments. There can be many reasons that Hannah is struggling with the independent reading assignments. One of the reasons that Hannah can be struggling with is reading comprehension while she is reading on her on. Reading comprehension is when students are able to read something, they are able to process it and they are able to understand what the text is saying. According to article Evidence-based early reading practices within a response to intervention system, it was mentioned that research strategies that can use to help reading comprehension can include of activating the student’s background knowledge of the text, the teacher can have questions that the student answer while reading the text, having students draw conclusions from the text, having