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Composition of magnesium oxide
Composition of magnesium oxide
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The composition of water in magnesium sulphate pentahydrate using measured values is 46.0% water and 54.0% magnesium sulphate. The composition using defined values is 51.12% water and 48.83% magnesium sulphate. The hypothesis for the value of x was 6, and the experiment conducted also resulted in the value of 6 for the number of water moles to magnesium sulphate. However, the hydrated salt has 7 moles of water to 1 mole of magnesium sulphate, creating magnesium sulphate heptahydrate. This shows that there were experimental errors when conducting the experiment. One of the possible reasons why the calculations resulted in a different number was due to the hygroscopic nature of magnesium sulphate. As it is hygroscopic, the ionic compound continuously
Solid A was identified to be sodium chloride, solid B was identified to be sucrose, and Solid C was identified to be corn starch. Within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there are results that distinguishes itself from the other 4 experimental results within each test. Such as: the high conductivity and high melting point of sodium chloride, and the iodine reaction of corn starch. Solid A is an ionic compound due to its high melting point and high electrical conductivity (7), within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there is only one ionic compound which is sodium chloride, with the test results of Solid A, it can be concluded that is a sodium chloride. Solid B was identified as sucrose due to its low electrical
The unknown bacterium that was handed out by the professor labeled “E19” was an irregular and raised shaped bacteria with a smooth texture and it had a white creamy color. The slant growth pattern was filiform and there was a turbid growth in the broth. After all the tests were complete and the results were compared the unknown bacterium was defined as Shigella sonnei. The results that narrowed it down the most were the gram stain, the lactose fermentation test, the citrate utilization test and the indole test. The results for each of the tests performed are listed in Table 1.1 below.
The isomerization procedure was done in order to create dimethyl fumarate from dimethyl maleate. Dimethyl maleate and dimethyl fumarate are cis and trans isomers, respectively. This procedure was done via a free radical mechanism using bromine. The analysis of carvones reaction was done in order to identify the smell and optical rotation of the carvone samples that were provided. The odor was determined by smelling the compound and the optical rotation was determined using a polarimeter.
Compress the safety bulb, hold it firmly against the end of the pipette. Then release the bulb and allow it to draw the liquid into the pipette.
Forensic Science Introduction: Someone in a restaurant has suddenly fallen ill and a mystery powder has been discovered with the victim. As the chief investigator, your duty is to identify the mystery substance through a lab. In this lab, it will consist of five known compounds and one unknown compound. Your job is to distinguish which one out of the five substances is the mystery powder. To figure out the mystery matter you will have to compare their physical and chemical properties and match them with the appropriate compound.
Triphenylmethyl Bromide. A 400 mL beaker was filled with hot water from the tap. Acetic acid (4 mL) and solid triphenylmethanol (0.199 g, 0.764 mmol) were added to a reaction tube, with 33% hydrobromic acid solution (0.6 mL) being added dropwise via syringe. The compound in the tube then took on a light yellow color. The tube was then placed in the beaker and heated for 5 minutes. After the allotted time, the tube was removed from the hot water bath and allowed to cool to room temperature. In the meantime, an ice bath was made utilizing the 600 mL plastic beaker, which the tube was then placed in for 10 minutes. The compound was then vacuum filtered with the crystals rinsed with water and a small amount of hexane. The crude product was then weighed and recrystallized with hexane to form fine white crystals, which was triphenylmethyl bromide (0.105 g, 0.325 mmol, 42.5%). A Beilstein test was conducted, and the crystals produced a green to greenish-blue flame.
I did accomplish the purpose of the lab. First, I determined the percentage of water in alum hydrate, and the percentage of water in an unknown hydrate. The results are reasonable because they are close to the example results. Second, I calculated the water of crystallization of an unknown hydrate. Furthermore, I developed the laboratory skills for analyzing a hydrate.
First, the freezing point depression of magnesium chloride was found. To begin, an ice bath was created in a 600 mL beaker filled with ice provided in the laboratory and rock salt. Next, Four different solutions with concentrations of 0.0 g (control), 0.2 g, 0.4 g, and 0.6g of magnesium chloride and 15 mL of deionized water were created. Each solution was made in a 100 mL beaker. The solutions containing magnesium chloride were stirred with a glass rod until the salt was completely dissolved. All equipment was cleaned with deionized water to minimize cross contamination. To calculate the freezing point, a Vernier temperature probe provided in the laboratory was used. The temperature probe was plugged into the GoLink!
Aim: The aim of this experiment was to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide.
Alkaline Phosphatase (APase) is an important enzyme in pre-diagnostic treatments making it an intensely studied enzyme. In order to fully understand the biochemical properties of enzymes, a kinetic explanation is essential. The kinetic assessment allows for a mechanism on how the enzyme functions. The experiment performed outlines the kinetic assessment for the purification of APase, which was purified in latter experiments through the lysis of E.coli’s bacterial cell wall. This kinetic experiment exploits the catalytic process of APase; APase catalyzes a hydrolysis reaction to produce an inorganic phosphate and alcohol via an intermediate complex.1 Using the Michaelis-Menton model for kinetic characteristics, the kinetic values of APase were found by evaluating the enzymatic rate using a paranitrophenyl phosphate (PNPP) substrate. This model uses an equation to describe enzymatic rates, by relating the
A precipitation reaction can occur when two ionic compounds react and produce an insoluble solid. A precipitate is the result of this reaction. This experiment demonstrates how different compounds, react with each other; specifically relating to the solubility of the compounds involved. The independent variable, will be the changing of the various chemical solutions that were mixed in order to produce different results. Conversely the dependent variable will be the result of the independent variable, these include the precipitates formed, and the changes that can be observed after the experiment has been conducted. The controlled variable will be the measurement of ten droplets per test tube.
In this lab, a metathesis reaction between an unknown metal carbonate (M2CO3) and calcium chloride (CaCl2), dependent on the ionic states of both compounds, allowed for identification of the metal through gravimetric analysis. Two grams of the metal carbonate were measured using an analytical balance and then dissolved in an aqueous solution with CaCl2 such that CaCo3 and a metal chloride formed from the reaction. The total mass of the metal carbonate was 112 grams per mole. Subtraction of the mass of CO3 from the total mass informed the metal’s identity: sodium. Due to the loss of precipitate and the utilization of two pieces of filter paper, a wide margin of error exists.
LAB REPORT 1st Experiment done in class Introduction: Agarose gel electrophoresis separates molecules by their size, shape, and charge. Biomolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins, are some examples. Buffered samples such as glycerol and glucose are loaded into a gel. An electrical current is placed across the gel.
The purpose of this experiment is to use our knowledge from previous experiments to determine the exact concentration of a 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution by titration (Lab Guide pg.141).
Metabolism is defined as the chemical processes that take place within an organism, such as production of energy (Nature Education, 2014). One component of metabolism occurs through gas exchange. In animals, gas exchange occurs through a process called diffusion where materials move from levels of high concentration to low concentration (Freeman, 2013). It usually occurs in the respiratory system of animals, the lungs, where oxygen is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled (Freeman, 2013). However, some animals may also exchange gases through other unique methods. For example, Rana pipiens, or leopard frogs, have vascularized skin that are extensively essential in their extremely wet habitat (Hoese and Abraham, 2014).