Lee Krasner:
Born in Brooklyn, New York into an orthodox Jewish family. She joined the American abstract artists group in 1939. After studying art in various New York schools. She worked with the Jackson Pollock in 1941 whom she married in the following year of 1945. Often influencing each other’s art, her style was often known for giving visual expression to the physical energy of painting.
Jacob Lawrence:
An African American artist, who was supported by the wpa, that often captured the migration of African-Americans from the south to the north seeking employment in expanding industries in his tempera style paintings.
CUBISM:
An early twentieth-century painting and sculpture style characterized by geometric depictions of objects,
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Modernity is the constant change that each generation of people often bring to their fellow peers and their supposedly “Pre-Existent” way of life, whether it is simply within the boundaries of their neighborhood or a certain form of deposition that government seeks to implement onto their country. Artistically, modernity has been a staple within the community of painters, performers, sculptists muralists and literary authors. In many forms, it is very possible to find certain examples and broad statements within the artworks of certain artists that represents such forms of rejection. Many forms of modernity have been present within our history without our fully being aware of them, even in our early human history modernity became present to our ancestors. During the 1500s, early modernity began to rise with the publication of a very observant book by a smart young man, in the year 1543, Nickolaus copernicus published the book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres). It is the seminal work on the heliocentric theory printed in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire. This book had offered an alternative view and model of the universe compared to Ptolemy's geocentric system, which had been very widely accepted since ancient times. This achievement to challenge what was known as the norm began to spark a very great flame within the embers of modernity. In the 1700s to near 1800s, another form of modernity was introduced, musicians began to create a very different form of music which has become to be known as romanticism, within not only the musical culture but in the everyday culture as well, romanticism was the reaction to the then “ Age of Enlightenment” and the industrial revolution. It began to focus on different
January 28, 1912, Paul Jackson Pollock was born in Cody, Wyoming. He was the youngest of five boys, and began taking an interest in art after his oldest brother, Charles Pollock. He later enrolled at Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles, first doing sculptures, and then later doing paintings. After getting kicked out for starting fights, he moved to New York and shadowed Thomas Hart Benton, attending the Art Students League. Benton’s family took Jackson under their wing. But after his father died suddenly, Pollock became depressed. This lead to excessive drinking and the threatening of Charles’ wife with an ax that he threw at one of Charles’ paintings scheduled for an upcoming exhibition. He was then kicked out, and the Great Depression started to take place.
This time period was a time for the breaking of traditions. “The arts were now beginning to break all of the rules since they were trying to keep pace with all of the theoretical and technological advances that were changing the whole structure of life.” (History of Modernism). This era was the death of
African American painter and graphic artist who played a leading roll in the Harlem renaissance.
In this period, there are the bases for the creation of a new movement that will culminate during the 14th century. This particular view is enclosed in a sub-movement called humanism: humanists encouraged to put in the centre of the universe the man. The man is the main centre of the universe and of the thoughts. In this period intellectuals obtained answers in the works of the ancient classics, they embraced the classic culture, especially the ancient Greek culture, leading to the birth of a new science: The Philology, whose main learner was Lorenzo Valla. Classic themes are the inspiration for the artists: from poets to painters, they are all under this influence.
I found that Mary Cassatt was born on May 22, 1844 in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania and according to the website called biography.com it stated that she was one of the leading artists in Impressionist movement of the latter part of the 1800’s. She was one of the few women in the 1800’s that were well established who made a mark in the world of art. She was one of the seven kids to of a well-known investment stockbroker and banker, Robert and Katherine Cassatt. She had taken classes such as homemaking, painting, sketching and as well as other to become a good wife and mother. Then moved from the United States to Europe to live abroad for five years visiting many known capitals such as Paris and Berlin and gotten her first exposure to art at the Paris World Fair in 1855.
Scientists started to study the earth and it’s positioning in the universe. This was a time when the people started taking more of an interest in astronomy and mathematical equations. During the time of the Catholic Reformation, artists began to challenge all the rules that society has set for artistic design. Artists starting with Parmigianino, Tintoretto, and El Greco began to add a wide variety of colors into their paintings, challenging the way things have been done in the past. These artists also added abnormal figures or altered the proportions in paintings.
Jackson Pollock was an American abstract artist born in Cody, Wyoming in 1912. He was the youngest of his five brothers. Even though he was born on a farm, he never milked a cow and he was terrified of horses because he grew up in California. He dropped out of high school at the age of seventeen and proceeded to move to New York City with his older brother, Charles, and studied with Thomas Hart Benton at the Art Students League. Thomas Benton was already a great artist at the time in which Pollock studied with him. Benton acted like the father figure in Pollock’s life to replace the original that wasn’t there. Benton was known for his large murals that appear on ceilings or walls. “Jack was a rebellious sort at all times,” recalls his classmate and friend, artist Harold Lehman. He grew his hair long and helped pen a manifesto denouncing athletics, even though “he had a muscular build and the school wanted to put him on the football team,” says former teacher Doug Lemon. Pollock always was upset with himself in his studies because he had troubles drawing things like they were supposed to look. From 1938 to 1942, Jackson joined a Mexican workshop of people with a painter named David Siqueiros. This workshop painted the murals for the WPA Federal Art Projects. This new group of people started experimenting with new types of paint and new ways of applying it to large canvas. People say that this time period was when Jackson was stimulated with ideas from looking at the Mexican or WPA murals. Looking at paintings from Picasso and the surrealists also inspired Jackson at this time. The type of paint they used was mixing oil colors with paint used for painting cars. Jackson noticed that the shapes and colors they created were just as beautiful as anything else was. Jackson realized that you didn’t have to be able to draw perfect to make beautiful paintings. Jackson started developing a whole new way of painting that he had never tried before and his paintings were starting to look totally different from before.
before moving on to work as a commercial artist and a teacher. She married a fellow artist
In 1930, at age 18, Pollock moved to New York City to live with his brother, Charles. He soon began studying with Charles's art teacher, representational regionalist painter Thomas Hart...
In the article “An Alternative Modernity,” the author François-Xavier Guerra sets out to define and explain the evolution of modernity, in the context of the eighteenth century and Latin America, as an umbrella term for a group of “multiple transformations in the field of ideas, the imaginary, and values and behavior.” In the simplest of terms, modernity can be defined as, according to Guerra, “the invention’ of the individual” (1). Guerra continues on to state that for modernity to evolve it was necessary then for “the creation of new forms of sociability and of its societal practices” (8). To put Guerra’s words in layman’s terms: modern thought and...
“Philosophers, writers, and artists expressed disillusionment with the rational-humanist tradition of the Enlightenment. They no longer shared the Enlightenment's confidence in either reason's capabilities or human goodness.” (Perry, pg. 457) It is interesting to follow art through history and see how the general mood of society changed with various aspects of history, and how events have a strong connection to the art of the corresponding time.
Modernism can be defined as the post-industrial revolutionary era, where which the western world began to see a change in all spheres of living. The effects of the industrial revolution became prevalent towards the end of the nineteenth century and the modernist movement drew inspiration from this widespread change. Artists, writers, architects, designers and musicians, all began to embrace the changing world and denounce their pre-taught doctrines and previous ways of producing work. Society felt the urge to progressively move forward toward a modern way of thinking and living.
Most contemporary historians define the European early modern period from around the beginning of the sixteenth century, up until the commencements of the French Revolution of 1789. The ambiguity inherent in this apparent catch-all period is problematic, and invokes much debate and disagreement among historians. For the purpose of expediency, this paper will have its modernizing genesis in the thoughts of Mitchell Greenberg writing in the Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies. Greenberg states there was a common modernizing compulsion right across Europe during this time period ‘…marked by both a gen...
The Romantics era lasted from the year 1798 to the year 1834 and is an era full of changes. In this era the artists had freedom to express what they felt through their arts of work. Therefore, the works of art and the music during this period are truly expressive. Nationalism is also widely expressed by many artists during this era. This era is mostly shaped by many talented artists that became recognized nationally and worldwide. The classical rules were broken in this era and no more political oppression subsided in the streets of England. The air smells like freedom to the people living there, and new boundaries were open to those who decided to pursue their dreams. The artists give life to their imagination in their published works of art. “In various forms, Romances shared a feature that Victorians would take as exemplary of the literary (if not the polemical) imagination of the age: a turn even an escape form the tumultuous and confusing here-and-now” (The Romantics and Their Contemporaries 11). The Romantic era gave the world the supernatural and the mysterious side of art. Creativity also is a word that defines the Romantic era because it gave life to its lit...
Gradually, further developments were made in the field of philosophy throughout time. Modern philosophy brought about a new era of thought. The word “modern” in philosophy originally meant “new”. Modern philosophy was considered to be new thought from the previous medieval time period. Many advancements had been made in the intellectual, religious, political, and social aspects of life in Europe to justify the beliefs of 16th and 17th century thinkers. The explorations of the world, the Protestant Reformation, the r...