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An essay on how to stop stuttering
Affects of stuttering
An essay on how to stop stuttering
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Background Information: John Shin came for an initial speech evaluation on August 30th, 2017. He sought an evaluation due to his inability to control his speech rate and speak fluently when he wants to. During the evaluation Mr. Shin participated in motor speech testing, speech samples, and completed the OASES. Medical History: Mr. Shin’s medical history is reportedly unremarkable for previous hospitalizations, illnesses, and surgeries. Mr. Shin has seasonal allergies to pollen for which he takes medication. As well, he is allergic to Aspirin, and some fruits (peach and kiwi). There was no reported history of neurological conditions affecting the patient or his family. Additionally, a hearing examination within the month revealed normal …show more content…
Shin presented as polite, friendly, and engaged. The patient demonstrated reduced eye contact but otherwise showed appropriate social-pragmatic skills, and remained alert and attentive throughout all session tasks. Mr. Shin demonstrated high levels of motivation, as he consistently provided detailed and honest responses to all questions. Patient showed high levels of interest when topics involved mystery genre podcasts and fantasy baseball. Stuttering Description: According to Mr. Shin, his disfluencies occur in both English and Korean. Mr. Shin's speech fluency was characterized by moments of rapid speech where multisyllabic words were unclear. At times Mr. Shin exhibited part word and whole word repetitions. During the evaluation, Mr. Shin’s speech was fluent and at nearly 98% intelligible. Oral Peripheral Examination: An oral peripheral examination was conducted in order to assess the structural and functional integrity of the oral motor mechanism. The results of this examination revealed that the speech mechanism is intact and sufficient for speech production. Mr. Shin’s posture was within normal limits, and his head was held upright with adequate support from his neck. The range of motion, speed, and steadiness of the facial, labial, buccal, mandibular, and lingual structures were within functional limits. The strength and tone of the lingual, labial, buccal, and mandibular structures were also within functional limits. All of the speech structures demonstrated accurate movement. Although, it was noted that there was minor jaw assistance when moving the tongue in an upward
He described stuttering as having a glass wall preventing him from moving forward, regardless of the attempts made. I believe that this is a sound description of the ongoing and difficult battle of stuttering. I also feel that many people can relate to Liben’s statement as they may also go through frustrating situations in their lives. However, it is important to remember that a person with a stutter experiences frustrating situations more frequently. Not only as a clinician, but as a human being, I will be mindful of the daily struggles that come along with a fluency
Born the son of a sharecropper, John Lewis saw segregation first hand while attending segregated public schools. While growing up in Pike County, Alabama, he was inspired by Civil Rights activists like Martin Luther King Jr. ultimately influencing him to join the Civil Rights Movement. As a young man he began to volunteer for Freedom Rides which was a movement by Civil Rights activists who protested segregation at interstate bus terminals. Lewis was one of the few individuals to launch the Freedom rides. Here, Lewis was beaten severely by angry mobs for sitting in seats saved for white riders. In this quote from John Lewis, he shares his fears in sacrificing his life for his work; “I thought I was going to die a few times.
Stuttering affects the fluency of speech. Stuttering is characterized by disruptions in speech sound productions, also known as a disfluency. Mostly, stuttering has a significant effect on some daily activities. Though some people have disfluency deficits only in certain situations. Some people limit their participations in different everyday activities because they are often embarrassed or sad about their situation and are concerned about how other's will react to stuttering. In stuttered speech repetitions of words or also of parts of words are included. Prolongations of speech sounds may also occur. It is a characteristic of some people who
He did not exhibit having nodules, polyps, or any damaging affects to his vocal folds. Concerning resonance, the quality of a sound that stays loud, clear, and deep for a long time, Geoff did not exhibit a hoarse voice, an overly high-pitched voice, or issues with loudness or quality in general. The case study did not touch on voice and resonance problems with him. A normal range of voice and resonance limits for Geoff is assumed of as the reader. Regarding fluency, this is the area that Geoff is the most impaired in since stuttering is classified as a fluency disorder. Geoff’s parents report that he has been stuttering since the age of 3. They also reported that his stuttering would come and go, and that he would have “fluent periods that lasted two months”. His parents believed that he would outgrow his stutter because of the long periods of fluency. However, once Geoff was evaluated by a SLP, he was diagnosed with having a severe stutter. On a scale of healthy fluencies, the average person is only 2-5% disfluent. Since Geoff has a severe stutter, it can be assumed that he scored higher than an 8% overall disfluent
The 1992 comedy crime film, My Cousin Vinny, written by Dale Launer and directed by Jonathon Lynn portrays the communication disorder known as stuttering. Stuttering is a fluency disorder in which the rhythm and flow of speech is disrupted and differs significantly from what is socially accepted as ‘normal’. Stuttering has proven to be one of the most common communication disorders portrayed in media and literature; however, the reason behind including a stutter (ranging from barely there to extremely excessive) in a character’s script tends to vary.
Davis, S., Shisca, D., & Howell, P. (2007). Anxiety in speakers who persist and recover from stuttering. Journal of Communication Disorders, 40, 398-417.
Winitz, H. (1984). Treating articulation disorders for clinicians by clinicians. (pp. 263-286). Austin, TX: Proed.
Her phonetic inventory is well developed. She has no troubles creating the age-appropriate speech sounds. The child is just above normal because she can produce more adult-like sounds than her peers. She has control over her articulators and she knows how to manipulate her oral cavity to produce the correct sounds.
Stuttering is a neurological disorder of communication, from which the normal flow of speech is disrupted by repetitions (neu-neu-neuro), prolongations (biiiii-ol-ooogy), or abnormal stoppages (no sound) of sounds and syllables. Rapid eye blinking, tremors of the lips and/or jaw, or other struggle behaviors of the face or upper body may accompany speech disruptions ((3)). Why does stuttering worsen in situations that involve speaking before a group of people or talking on the phone, whereas fluency of speech improves in situations such as whispering, acting, talking to pets, speaking alone, or singing ((1))? In ancient times, physicians believed that the stutterer's tongue was either too long or too short, too wet or too dry. Therefore, practitioners from the mid-1800s tried surgical remedies such as drilling holes into the skull or cutting pieces of the tongue out to eliminate stuttering (1).
Human race is known to have developed numerous allergies to various known and unknown allergens. An extreme allergic reaction which can be “life-threatening”. (Mydr.com.au, 2014) is referred to as Anaphylaxis.It is a “medical emergency”(Lloyd & Sisman,2013).Statistics indicate that maximum deaths occur due to allergic reactions of various medicines. The other causative agents can be insects, food, latex, hair dye, etc(Lloyd & Sisman,2013). The most common trigger to stimulate anaphylaxis among children are food products such as peanuts, dairy, seafood etc. Exposure to any of these allergens can result in severe anaphylactic attack within 20 minutes.(Australian Resuscitation council, 2012).However the doctors discuss the history of symptoms occurring in children suffering with peanut allergy before declaring them to be anaphylactic and prescribing medication. (Unknown, 2014). Symptoms of anaphylaxis may occur in varied forms depending upon the severty of the reaction. For instance in mild cases swelling of lips, eyes or face occurs along with hives, rash, tingling of mouth and vomitting accompanied with abdominal pain. Nevertheless in extreme conditions the former symptoms may be accompanied with noisy breathing, wheezing, hoarseness and unconsciousness. (Lloyd & Sisman,2013).
They say a picture is worth a thousand words and can tell a thousand tales. Just what exactly is this saying? (Visual of a bad snap shot… finger in shot)
An individual that suffers from an articulation disorder can delete sounds, add sounds, have distorted sounds and substitute sounds. Articulation is considered to be the process of the movement of muscles in your mouth. The most important articulators include: jaw, lips, teeth, tongue, velum, alveolar ridge, and hard/soft palate. These articulators are used when producing a sound or when having a conversation. An articulation disorder can be caused by illness, developmental disorders such as autism, neurological disorders, hearing loss, and genetic syndromes such as Down
Stuttering is a disorder of oral communication and it is characterized by disruptions in the production of speech sounds, also called "disfluencies" (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2014). It usually emerges in childhood and affects around 5% of the population (Guitar, 2006), even though there is some variation in the incidence of stuttering in different studies. During infancy, it is common for children to present dysfluency because of the complex process of language acquisition and development. These disfluencies are normal and tend to disappear in 80% of the children, however for some it may evolve into a chronic state that is called developmental stuttering. Stuttering can also occur in two other circumstances, from injuries, which is called acquired or neurogenic stuttering and another one, involving psychological aspects (Oliveira et. al., 2012). Perkins, Kent and Curlee (1991) focused on the theories to explain the possible causes of disfluency and theorized that speech disruption and time pressure are the two important variables that may account for the stuttered dysfluency.
Researchers have provided different classifications of speech errors. They can be categorized according to the “linguistic units,” such as “phonological feature, phoneme, syllable, morpheme, word phrase, or sentence levels” (Harely, 2001, p. 376). Moreover, speech errors can be classified according to the “mechanisms” of the speech errors (Harely, 2001, p. 376). For example, Carroll (2007) classified eight of the basic types of slips of the tongue according to the error mechanism from the previous psycholinguistic studies. These errors include shift, exchanges, anticipations, perseveration, additions, deletions, substitutions, and blends.
In public speaking I learned many types of concepts, theories and terms of communication. In concepts of publicly speaking there’s, relaxation, practice, credibility, attention getters, attire, organization, volume, emotion, audience relation, and movement. In my first speech, “The any old bag speech” I quickly learned the do’s, don’ts and concepts of my speech performance.