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Cultural dancing and society
The relationship between culture and dance
Culture reflected in dance
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This week, I could see that it is impossible to understand a performance without knowing its social/ cultural context. At first I watched Jerome Bel’s The Show Must Go On, I found it was experimental. However, Shirtology, Bel’s another performance, was the weirdest and embarrassing piece that I had ever seen. It was a couple of days later when I could comprehend the intention of the video where he changes his shirts for six minutes. He was challenging the capitalistic structure of choreography; he was refusing to adapt to the tastes of the audience. In Cult Plastic, Voaugust says that “his work reveals how deeply we have been socialized and colonized to experience and create performances” (Voaugust, 2017). Artists cast a doubt on the social
conditions, then seek for an escape from them. Thus, searching for the historical background enables the audience to know the question of the answer. Knowing only the answer tells nothing. I guess that’s why I failed to appreciate the contemporary dance before; I did not see what had brought them to the experiments. As searching for some historical factors in the early 1900s, I could understand Indian dancers a bit better. Under the British policy to obliterate the Indian culture, they suffered from a famine and stigma. The continual deception and oppression of the British Government might provoke the people’s anger and need for change. In this context, the traditional dance forms could be a nail and hammer to break down the ethnocentric colonialist rules. Additionally, comparing Indian classical dancers with the Pakistani choreographers, I found that South Asian women had used dance to resist the intersectional discrimination. Nighat Chaodhry would have not come up with her performance unless she was not a woman and Muslim at the same time. Multiple historical/ social factors dwell in one’s identity, which facilitates a unique creation.
All towns, cities, and areas have their own specific traits. Small towns tend to be more like a family, while big cities tend to be more passive. Then there are the small areas where people do not make much money and struggle to get by. These areas tend to be more violent and more influenced by drugs and alcohol. This is the area that Andre Dubus III grew up in, in his memoir Townie. His parents were divorced and neither of them made much money so he and his two sisters and brother ended up moving from one small crummy neighborhood to another. In these neighborhoods he would get involved in the wrong crowds and end up doing drugs, drinking, and fighting. This became a way to show power. The most powerful people were strong and always came out on top in fights, had all the drugs and alcohol, and therefore all the power. This drove many people to fight so that they could move up this chain of command. No one wanted to be the bottom because that was the position of the most abused people of the neighborhood. This need and fear is what drove Andre to fight and the understanding of this fear is what drove him away from fighting.
“‘Athletics last for such a short period of time. It ends for people. But while it lasts, it creates this make-believe world where normal rules don’t apply. We build this false atmosphere. When it’s over and the harsh reality sets in, that’s the real joke we play on people’” (Bissinger xiv). “Friday Night Lights” shows the darker side of high school football. Players are taught to play games to win, and thats all that matters. Football players are put under a tremendous amount of pressure, almost enough to be considered unfair. Even though football is a “team sport”, pressure on individual players is unnecessary. Some players have the burden of the team, the city, their family, and their future, resting on their shoulders. These players are put under pressure that is physically and emotionally damaging, not to mention future ruining.
The novel “The Outsiders,” by S.E. Hinton can be defined as an emotional, heart breaking, and lesson teaching story. Ponyboy Curtis and Johnny Cade were the youngest in their gang of Greasers. They were all wild boys, who liked looking “tuff” and being known as criminals. Ponyboy and Johnny were not as intimidating as the other greasers, Two-Bit Mathews, Dallas Winston, Darrel Curtis, Sodapop Curtis, and Steve Randle. One night, Ponyboy and Johnny were both out on the street. Out of nowhere some drunken Socs began to chase and beat up the boys. One of the Socs was drowning Ponyboy in a fountain. Johnny saw the danger Ponyboy was in and pulled out his switchblade. He stabbed Bob Sheldon and killed him. The boys did not know what to do, so they ran away to Windrixville, and lived in an abandoned church. They cut their hair and Ponyboy bleached his. Eventually the boys came to their senses and planned to turn themselves in. Dallas came to pick the boys up, but first they went to Dairy Queen to eat. When they drove back to the church they noticed that the church was on fire. Ponyboy and Johnny forced themselves into the church to save the children stuck inside. Ponyboy ended up with a minor concoction and some small burns on his back. While Johnny was not as lucky, an extremely large, heavy, and blazing hot piece of wood fell on him. Both boys were sent to the hospital. Johnny remained in the hospital much longer than Ponyboy. Johnny felt weaker and weaker every day and was getting worse by the minute. After a long and depressing journey, Johnny passed away. Therefore, their group of Greasers would now be presented with how loss and grief could drive people into making illogical decisions.
In the short story “Being There”, by Jerzy Kosinski, there are multiple examples of satire that are displayed throughout both the book and the movie. A few of them are: media, death, politics, and racism. The satire of the media was very similar in the book and the movie. Media played a big role in society and still does to this day.
In the first line of her 1993 essay titled ‘The Ontology of Performance: Representation without Reproduction’ Peggy Phelan writes that “performance’s only life is in the present”. She argues that once the live act is documented it ceased to be performance art as it ‘betrays the promise of its own ontology’, while being reproduced with the motive of wider circulation and prolonged life-span. She refers to the original purpose for which performance art was developed as a form, namely to resist commodification and escape the art market’s control and dictates. This argument highlights the first issue with performance documentation which is ideological. By using words such as ‘betrayal’, Phelan suggests there might be rules to working against the system, which in her view is one of the key characteristics of performance art. By succumbing to the pressures and the lure of the market, through the means of documentation available for circulation after the one-time-only event is finished, such performance in her eyes loses its ‘distinctive oppositional edge’.
People may experience second hand, through artists, other possibilities of aesthetic, political and sexual freedom they lack in their own lives. This may be one of the reasons why, despite countless predictions over the past few decades, performance art hasn’t died, nor has it been replaced by other mediums.
In order to apply Goffman’s theories in a contemporary context, it’s important to first understand and recognize the main concepts outlined in his work. To begin, the performance can be defined as “all the activity of a given participant on a given occasion which serves to influence in any way any of the other participants” (Goffman 1956:8). A performance is central to every social interaction. It can be seen as the manner in which the participants interact, react, and make meaning of their encounter. The audience then, is the individual(s) observing your performance. They become highly influential in the manner with which the interaction ensues, as the performer will constantly alter his behavior in an attempt to gain or receive a desired response from the audience. Likewise, the setting of an interaction is central in determining the type of behavior displayed. For instance, behavior in a formal upper-class restaurant will undoubtedly differ from the behavior patrons will display while socializing at a local pub. Appearance “may be taken to refer to those stimuli which function at the time to tell us of the performer’s social statuses” (Goffman 1956:15). Thus, the appearance of an individual portrays their current social status or role within society. A person wearing a white lab coat may caus...
The Makishi Masquerade is a highly ritualized performance that has been practiced for months by the performers and villagers. Schecner argued that an aspect to performing is to put on a show which could provide entertainment and action to the individuals watching. In addition to performance, Schechner explains theories such as the act of “being, doing, showing doing, and explaining showing doing.” In relation to The Makishi Masquerade performance, the concept of “being” is the existence of the cultural perfomance in which the African village takes part of. This includes the existence of the African boy performers and the villagers incorporation to the performance. “Doing” in the sample is the action in which the performers are dancing or using their instruments to provide the beat to the ritual performance. “Showing doing” is the act of actually performing for an audience, which in this case the African boys finally perform for the village who has been preparing for the event as well. “Explaining showing doing” is the concept of comprehending the ritual performance including the reasoning for the ceremony, which in this case is introduction to
How we perform in society solidifies certain hegemonic social conventions in society, such as gender roles. Performing outside what is allotted to each gender role has led to consequences, specifically for the queer community, such as policing and ostracism. However, drag through the parodying of the performances connected with each gender role has shown performance and gender roles fluidity, the capability of change. As Meg-John Barker and Julia Scheele notes in Queer-A Graphic History “...there's no real, authentic performance of gender. All gender is imitative performance.” () Therefore, performance should be considered a queer issue due to the impact performing, and performing to fit gender roles has had on those that stray from its considered normality’s, despite its shown
Last quarter we discussed the massive emotional power it has, and how it allows people to experience emotions in a safe space. In Musicophilia, Sacks stresses music’s helpfulness in organizing thoughts. Patterns and rhythm make it easier to remember most things; such as when bards use the action of playing specific tunes and melodies to first memorize, then call upon knowledge. Furthermore, both presentation and participation music serve a purpose in society. Participatory music is organized for togetherness. It’s structure and tendencies create a collective identity and build a desired sense of “us.” While presentational music isn’t as enabling for community it has other benefits -- although community can be found between those watching and experiencing the music. The indiviual(s) performing are a part of a stratified society in which praise is assigned to musical people who understand the dynamic between the audience and performer. The main goal of presentational music is displaying achievement and celebrating individualized talent. By the performer receiving accolades, and the audience experiencing together, both benefit
Performance is an act of executing or accomplishing things before an viewers. People lived to perform. (Why do People form? , 2009) ; “The reason some people want to perform is that they want to transform themselves. They don't want to be "who they are" but they want to add elements to their self-constitution that can only be defined as "for an audience." For them, to perform is not only about their obsession and desires. Performance isn’t only apprehension on the one who performs but also on the estimation of the audience. There are different kinds of performance. One of these is the class performance. Generally, class performance talks about th...
Performance and performativity are completely different concepts in terms of cultural studies, they both play a major role in people’s lives and how it constructs them to become subjective throughout their lives. There are four key ways to examine ‘to perform’ which are: being, doing, showing doing and explaining showing doing. Being is existence itself, doing is action, its known to be always in flux, always changing, showing d...
Theater reveals the inner thoughts and feelings of individuals by existing as a dynamic medium that facilitates entertaining atmosphere of an exchange of ideas. The fluidity of Theater allows for numerous art forms to collaborate sending emotionally stirring messages that affect large numbers by entertaining and informing simultaneously. The simultaneous motives drive everyone involved from the actors to the audience to experience change within and while also changing the art creating an atmosphere of phenomena. Constant movement of the experience, phenomena, between various diverse groups allows the production to be fluid in every incarnation changing to social environment to still be relevant. Phenomena creating through the environment fostered by every actor, director, and choreographer; however, in the words of Mark Leslie, “An actor without techies is a naked person standing in the dark trying to emote” and technicians through the instruction of their designers create the physical world in which phenomena can be experienced. Technical design facilitates theatrical objectives by providing a physical environment to bring people together to convey powerful sentiments from diverse views and is vital for culture to thrive.
Through the examination in languages, education system and political circumstances, I will discuss about the ideas that encourage this island to be independent, and how the community performs these social beliefs. Like Schechner states: ‘performance is a restored behavior with previous experiences or references’ (Schechner,29). The term Hong Kong represents the previous history of British and Chinese, in which the identity of Hong Kongese are deeply influenced by these two cultures. Before we get into in-depth discussion regarding to the topic, I would like to briefly discuss about the term performance from a Theatre major perspective. Performance not only associates with physical actions, in which the term could be decoded as vary meanings. Performance could be showcase through behaviors, languages or any circumstances. In any performances, my primary concern is how the audiences react to it. Regarding to cultural performance, citizens are often promoting social beliefs through mass communication. For example, media like television has a significant impact on manipulating the viewer’s opinion, and those accepted beliefs will turn into mass practice. Culture is like the circumstances in a play, it has various effects on character’s development and the outcome of the story. For instance, Hong Kong is performing on stage where it is
The terms “feminine” and “masculine” are deeply rooted in the social assumptions of what it means to be a woman or a man and how our society perpetuates these stereotypes. Society associates delicacy, grace, and beauty with femininity, while strength, utilitarianism, and bruteness are connected to masculinity. She consistently represents the female bodies as ladylike and males as masculine. In Pina Bausch’s company, the females often dawn elegant gowns, with their hair flowing down their backs while the males are placed in suits, dress pants, or minimal clothing revealing their brawny bodies. Although Bausch emphasizes and portrays these stereotypical gendered representations, she does so to scrutinize and question it. Most importantly, Bausch challenges the separation of sexes through her choreography, creating a dichotomy between the gendered outward appearance of her dancers and their