One third of the United States population complains of insomnia, with about one More than 40% of those suffering from insomnia self- medicate with over the counter drugs (OTC) or with other substances such as alcohol. 2 half of those are saying it’s serious.1 Insomnia is defined by inability to initiate or maintain sleep despite of adequate time and opportunity to sleep which results in daytime impairment.2 time it’s characterized as problems with either sleep onset, sleep maintenance, or non- restorative sleep. Impairments associated with insomnia can lead to: impaired cognitive functioning, increased incidence of bodily pain, increased future risk of psychiatric disorders, increased risk of accidents, and increased healthcare cost.3 also have negative health consequences on obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes.4 There are four different types of insomnia.2,5 3 days in duration, most likely cause is acute situational or environmental stressors. Second is short term insomnia less than 3 weeks caused by personal stress of an ongoing nature. Third type is chronic primary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks not related to lifestyle may be due to medical causes. Finally the forth type is a chronic secondary insomnia with duration of more than 3 weeks related to lifestyle likely caused psychological illness, substance abuse, behavioral cause(poor sleep hygiene). Secondary chronic insomnia may be caused by comorbid diseases such as: heart failure, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, sleep apnea, medications, substance abuse, restless leg syndrome or circadian rhythm sleep disorders. As far as the medications are concerned possible medication classes that cause insomnia are antidepressant... ... middle of paper ... ... choice for sleep onset insomnia. Appropriate drugs may include zaleplon, zolpidem IR, ramelteon and triazolam. However, rebound insomnia may be a problem with short acting benzodiazepines like triazolam. Moreover, sleep maintenance insomnia are most appropriately treated with drugs that have an intermediate duration and no active metabolites to minimize daytime effects such as : zolpidem, eszopiclone, temazepam, and estazolam may be appropriate choices. Also, zaleplon can be taken after awakening in the night if > 4 hr left for sleep. Attached are the tables with drug treatment options for insomnia, and questionnaires to assess the initial insomnia and post treatment. Nevertheless sedative-hypnotics should only be used in the lowest effective dose (to decrease the next day morning impairment) for a short duration of time in treatment of insomnia.
the surface structure of these poems appears simplistic, but subtle changes in tone or gesture move the reader from the mundane to the sublime. In an attempt to sleep, the speaker in "Insomnia" moves from counting sheep to envisioning Noah's arc to picturing "all the fish in creation/ leaping a fence in a field of water,/ one colorful species after another." Collins will tackle any topic: his subject matter varies from snow days to Aristotle to forgetfulness. Collins relies heavily on imagery, which becomes the cornerstone of the entire volume, and his range of diction brings such a polish to these poems
Drugs have been used to aide in sleep for years and years. There are many types of drugs that people use; opting between non-traditional medications such as herbs and vitamins while others opt for the traditional approach in using prescription drugs. This paper will inform and analyze the drug Zolpidem. Zolpidem is used in the treatment of insomnia. Insomnia is often considered to be a prolonged difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep.
Insomnia can be detrimental to the physical and mental health of an individual. Sleep problems can be treated through operational conditioning techniques such as extinction, (Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for…2012). Extinction refers to the cessation of reinforcing a trend in order to eliminate a habit, (Cherry, n.d.). The main goal sleep modification treatment is to get rid of some bad habits that are counterproductive to sleep hygiene. Sleep hygiene consist of four areas: circadian rhythm (internal clock that makes people go to sleep), aging, psychological stressors, and stimulants (caffeine, alcohol and other drugs) usage all these forms what it is called sleep hygiene. Activities such as naps, watching TV late at night, the use of electronic devices, and consuming stimulants can deprive adequate rest at night. Behavior modification improve sleeping patterns by eradicating these factors and establishing a regular routine to achieve the desired goal, which in this case is quality and quantity of sleep, (Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for…2012).
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder that inhibits a person's ability to function normally in society. Narcolepsy causes a person to fall asleep, almost spontaneously, regardless of the situation they are in. The sufferer could be at school, work, or a grocery store, and suddenly experience an intense haze of drowsiness. Suddenly the sensation overcomes the narcoleptic, and they fall victim to sleep. Usually this sleep state lasts for only a few moments, with the narcoleptic waking almost as quickly as they had fallen asleep. In other instances, the sleep state lasts for minutes; the narcoleptic waking up is not aware they had fallen asleep, they may also become frightened, or confused about events that happened prior to their "sleep attack." About 200,000 people in the United States have narcolepsy, making it a serious mental illness (narcolepsynetwork.org). Despite the number of people who have this disorder, however, only a small amount of information is available on narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a fascinating disease that is looked over by society, if narcolepsy awareness becomes more wide-spread, then people will have a reason to pay attention to how serious this sleep-disorder really is.
Narcolepsy has been above looked for years beforehand knowing a patient has the illness, it is a quickly producing awareness and is continually altering people and their families lives. With nap materializing to be not merely the ultimate pastime, but additionally a survival imperative, the earth of nap scutiny is quite large, bragging countless disparate spans of study. By scrutinizing phenomena like nap disorders neurobiologists can yearn to comprehend the mechanisms of normative nap, in supplement to perfecting treatment for suffers. Narcolepsy is one such disorder that affects an approximated 250, 000 or 1 in 2000 Americans; comparable numbers are approximated for Parkinson's or countless sclerosis (mayo-foundation). An comprehensive, nevertheless oftentimes misdiagnosed illness (fewer than 50, 000 are cognizant of their condition), narcolepsy can be delineated by chronic daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, nap paralysis, and hypanogic hallucinations (rare-disease). The last three of the tetrad of symptoms additionally transpire in non-narcoleptic individuals; nap episodes are the main determinant in diagnosis. Merely 20 to 25 percent of narcoleptics tolerate from all four symptoms (mayo-foundation). This paper has countless goals, all of that involve elucidating the illness and its symptoms in disparate contexts. In order to do this nap will main be elucidated in a slight detail, pursued by a biological and psychological treatment of narcolepsy. Scutiny of narcolepsy and its implications for the upcoming displays steps to be grabbed in order to garner a larger understanding this particular brain/behavior relationship.
First, one must identify and classify problems associated with sleep loss. Most commonly, “sleep disorders can result in tiredness, fatigue, depression, greater anxiety, irritability, pain sensitivity, muscle tremors, immunosuppression, and lack of daytime alertness” (Lai, & Good, 2005). As a result, those experiencing sleep issues are plagued with continuing problems, often with no simple solution available. Since “sleep quality is a very important factor in quality of life,” a significant amount of research is devoted to the treatment of sleep disorders (Harmat, Takacs, & Bodizs, 2008). Such research has lead to the development of pharmaceutical solutions; however, medicinal solutions may not alwa...
Sleepiness, whether due to sleep apnea, heavy snoring, idiopathic hypersomnolence, narcolepsy or insomnia from any number of sleep-related disorders, threatens millions of Americans' health and economic security (1). Perhaps somewhat most concerning of these disorders are those that allow sleep without having any control over when it happens-idiopathic hypersomnolence and narcolepsy. The two are closely related in that both cause individuals to fall asleep without such control, yet narcolepsy occurs without any dreaming during naps (2). For years, narcoleptic people have been falling asleep in corners, concerned, as they have given numerous attempts to try to stay focused and awake. But besides the excessive fatigue that people experience, there surely must be more that can be associated with causing such sleepiness among people at an uncontrolled level. There might especially not be a reason involving the I-function of the brain, as people are not aware of when necessarily they will fall into their deep sleep.
“When the going gets tough, the tough take a nap.” This statement by Tom Hodgkinson perfectly describes the solution to the life of the average American high schooler, who wakes up early, rushes to school, and undergoes several grueling classes, only to later participate in extracurricular activities and return home to complete homework. Due to all these activities, only a vast minority of teenagers obtain the amount of sleep they need in a night; Tom Hodgkinson’s quote proposes a solution to this problem. By instituting naptime in high schools, students could simply nap to refresh themselves when the going gets tough, whether that be an excessive amount of homework, an extremely demanding test, or a sports practice that lasts long into the
(Man/Woman): Hey everyone, I’m going to talk about something that most American colleges have: “Fraternities and Sororities”. “Fraternities and Sororities” are groups of students that usually live together in a house. Members are usually called “brothers” or “sisters”. These social groups often throw parties. They also host events where they raise money to help people. “Fraternities and Sororities” are a huge part of American college culture. (65 words)
Sleep, the very thing that everyone needs but no one is getting. Like oxygen to the lungs, everyone needs the right amount of sleep to be able to function at the peak of their ability and brain function. And like most typical teenagers, I am very active in my life and a proper sleep schedule has always been at the tail end of all my lists. Balancing time between academics, athletics, and a full time work schedule has left me with very little time to get a proper amount of sleep per night. If I strive to regulate stable bed times and wake up times through the use of a sleep diary then I will be able to improve concentration and energy throughout my school and work days.
Kales, A. (1972). The evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders : Pharmacological and psychological studies. In M. Chase (ed.)The Sleeping Brain. Los Angeles : Brain Information Service.
A long-term health condition can also be referred to as a ‘chronic illness’ and it can be used to define recurring conditions such as asthma, arthritis, and diabetes.
There are many ways to categorize illness and disease; one of the most common is chronic illness. Many chronic illnesses have been related to altered health maintenance hypertension and cardiovascular diseases are associated with diet and stress, deficient in exercise, tobacco use, and obesity (Craven 2009). Some researchers define the chronic illness as diseases which have long duration and generally slow development (WHO 2013); it usually takes 6 month or longer than 6 month, and often for the person's life. It has a sluggish onset and eras of reduction for vanishing the symptoms and exacerbation for reappear the symptoms. Some of chronic illness can be directly life-threatening. Others remain over time and need intensive management, such as diabetes, so chronic illness affects physical, emotional, logical, occupational, social, or spiritual functioning. Chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, all of these diseases are the cause of mortality in the world, representing 63% of all deaths. So a chronic illness can be stressful and may change the way a person l...
Could someone commit a crime or murder while sleeping? Could someone drive 14 miles from home without waking up or wrecking? How do you determine if someone was sleepwalking when only the victim and offender would know that answer and one of them is dead? How do some people get away with the sleepwalking murder defense while others don’t? Many questions come to mind when sleepwalking and murder come into play. While asleep people have been known to talk, walk, do simple tasks, eat, fight with your spouse and even have sex, but when it comes to the murder defense it a whole other story.
A survey was done to find out that “stress might be getting in the way of sleep”. The survey was towards young adults who received less than the required amount of sleep, which is seven to nine hours of sleep a night. These adults received roughly 6.7 hours of sleep a night. A majority of the group reported that stress caused them to not be able to get a good nights rest. They would lie on their bed, wide-awake and have their minds running constantly thinking and