What is cancer?
Cancer is when abnormal cells divide in an uncontrolled way in a part of the body. Cancer can start in any place of the body. Cancers are typically named for the organ or the cell where the cancer begins. Some cancers can spread from the original site and move to other places in the body.If the spread of cancer is not controlled it may result in death.Cancer develops when the body’s normal control mechanism stops working. Old cells do not bite the dust and these cells grow out of control, forming new, unusual cells. These extra cells may form a mass of tissue, called a tumour. Some cancers, such as leukemia , do not form tumours.Cancers can be assembled into 5 main group these include the carcinomas,lymphomas,brain
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It is the rectum's job to receive stool from the colon, to let you know that there is stool to be evacuated, and to hold the stool until departure.
Colorectal cancer is a cancer that starts in the colon or the rectum.Its not known as colorectal cancer on the grounds that in the event that it creates in the colon it will too create in the rectum it can begin in one place and spread to the next.These cancers can also be named colon cancer or rectal cancer, depending on where they start. Colon cancer and rectal cancer are rregularly assembled together in light of the fact that they have numerous components in like manner and are a piece of the internal organ. Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer colon cancer or rectal cancer , is any cancer (a growth, lump, tumour) of the colon and the rectum. Colorectal cancer occurs when some of the cells that line the colon or the rectum become abnormal and grow out of control. The irregular growing cells create a tumour, which is the
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Source:Suncoast surgical associates.
Stage 0: This is called cancer in situ. The cancer cells are only in the mucosa, or the inner lining, of the colon or rectum.
Stage I: The cancer has grown through the mucosa and has invaded the muscular layer of the colon or rectum. It has not spread into nearby tissue.
Stage ll :The cancer has grown through the layers of the muscle to the lining of the abdomen, called the visceral peritoneum. It has not spread to the nearby lymph nodes or elsewhere.
Stage lll: The cancer has grown through the inner lining or into the muscle layers of the intestine and spread to one to three lymph nodes, or to a nodule of tumour in tissues around the colon or rectum that do not appear to be lymph nodes but has not spread to other parts of the body.
Stage lv : The cancer has spread to a single distant part of the body, such as the lungs and the liver.
With colorectal cancer having 4 stages the survival rates differ according to the stage of the cancer.This is a knowledge of the survival rates of this growth subsequent to experiencing treatment :
• Stage I: The likelihood of being alive in five years is roughly 70%-80%.
• Stage II: The likelihood of being alive in five years is roughly half
...ozzi E, Biffoni M, Todaro M, Peschle C, et al. Identification and expansion of human colon-cancer-initiating cells. Nature. 2007;445(7123):111-5.
Local excision: This is done when the cancer is found at an early stage. The procedure does not require cutting of the abdomen wall in order to remove the cancer instead a tube with a cutting tube attached to it is placed up the rectum into the colon and then the cancer is cut out. Polypectomy is a similar procedure but the cancer cells are found within a polyp (a small bulging area of tissue
Colorectal cancer, or CRC, affects African American men and women more than Caucasians, at a rate 20% higher. This is concerning when faced with the mortality rates among African Americans, 28% higher for women and 14% higher for men than for Whites. African Americans are also more likely to be in later stages of the disease when diagnosed. There is a need to study and evaluate why these factors exist, as proper screening and early diagnosis can severely impact survival rates for CRC. One study attempts to find the solution through testing, however, this study slightly discredits itself along the way.
Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women, responsible for more than 57,000 deaths in 2001 alone. Colon polyps, which can lead to colon cancer, are found in about 30-40% of people aged 60 or older- and the risks of polyps increase with age” (Lerche Davis, 2003). Most cases of colon cancer start as small adenomatous polyps. Many people experience no signs or symptoms in the early stages of colon cancer. Some signs and symptoms can include diarrhea, constipation, or any change in consistency of your stool that continues for longer than a month. Any bleeding from the rectum or blood found in the stool can also be a sign of colon cancer. Continuing abdominal pain, cramps, gas, weakness, fatigue and unexplained weight loss could all be signs of rectal cancer in the patient (Staff,
What the recent studies are showing is pretty scary. Our country has the highest number of colon-rectal cancer cases being reported in the entire world. And the disease is equally extensive among males as they are in females. In fact the disease today is killing more Americans than it ever did before. To some it is too embarrassing a subject to talk about. But it must be realized that cancer and deaths resulting from that are much more serious things and should be dealt brushing aside all sorts of inhibitions.
Colon cancer develops in the part of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs water and minerals before waste products are disposed via the rectum. In women endometrial cancer is related to colon cancer. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death due to cancer in the United States. Over one-hundred fifty thousand individuals will be diagnosed this year and this cancer will probably be responsible for about 47,900 deaths in 1999 (http://www.cancer.org). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas that develop from the glandular cells. Ninety percent of all colon cancer cases will develop in individuals after 50 years of age. Ninety percent of all tumors arise from polyps that are commonly found in people older than 50. Prevention includes regular exercise and a diet high in fiber. The most important risk factor is age. Medical screening includes a yearly blood occult test after age 50 and a colonoscopy every 3 years after age 50. Regular screening detects polyps that have become precancerous. If regular screening is not done, the cancer is not detected until blood is found in the...
Cancer cells have spread to lymph nodes near or far from the prostate, or to other organs and tissues, such as the liver or lungs.
Colon Cancer is cancer of the colon, or large intestine. Rectal cancer is cancer of the last few inches of the colon. Together, they're often referred to as colorectal cancers. Most cases of colon cancer begin as small, harmless clumps of cells called polyps. Over time some of these abnormal growths may become colon cancers. Polyps may be small and produce few, signs of sickness. Because of this, doctors recommend regular screening tests to help prevent colon cancer.
Each stage is characterized by an A, B, or C letter, depending on the degree to which the symptoms present themselves. The differences in each stage are as follows: stage 1 is when the cancer is either found in one ovary or both, stage 2 the tumor is found in one or both ovaries and extends to other pelvic structures, stage 3 the cancer has spread beyond the pelvis to the lining of the abdomen or to the lymph nodes and finally in stage 4 the cancer has spread to other organs in the body including the liver or lungs (Ovarian Cancer National Alliance). Cancer is “staged” by taking a sample of the infected tissue surgically and sending it to a lab for examination. Staging is crucial in order for medical professionals to determine which course of treatment would be the most effective for the given patient. If misdiagnosed, an entire area affected by this disease could potentially be missed and left untreated.
Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and begin to invade other tissues. The term cancer is also used when cells start to produce too quickly when there are not enough cells dying. Cancer cells are also called malignant cells. Cancerous cells are able to invade other healthy cells and can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.
The next stage is transformation of mutated cells to cancerous cells; 5-20 years may require for the transition of benign carcinogenic phase to the fully developed malignant stage where the cancer can be detected clinically. The last stage called progression where further genetically changes take place leading to increase the proliferation and metastasis (Weinberg, 1996, Compagni and Christofori, 2000).
...pread to nearby tissue in the neck and or to the lymph nodes. Cancer may spread to the lungs and bones as well. Staging consists of more testing; ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, Chest x-ray and a whole body scan. (Thyroid Cancer, 2012)
In contrast to the inward growth of a polyp, a true cancer can grow inward toward the hollow part of the colon or rectum, and/or outward through the wall of these organs. If not treated, cells from the tumor may break away and spread through the bloodstream or lymph system to other parts of the body. There, they can form "colony" tumors. This process is called metastasis.
By harnessing this normal cell process, scientists hope to have found an effective way to combat cancer. Cancer is a disease that affects human somatic cells. It causes the cells to divide uncontrollably and form masses known as tumors. There are two different types of cancer tumors. Some tumors are benign, and other tumors are malignant.
My grandfather on my mum’s side died of colon cancer, colon cancer is where the body extracts water and salt from solid wastes. Colon cancer happens when out of control cell growth occurs in the large intestine. Colon cancer can be caused through genetics; a genetic predisposition that can be inherited from family members, but most colon cancer occur in people without a family health history.