Anatomy/Physiology The main purposes of the colon are to absorb water and electrolytes to compact the feces for expulsion and expulsion of the feces. The length of the colon is roughly one to one and a half meters and the diameter spans from two to eight centimeters. The colon is made up of seven sections. These sections are the cecum, the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, the rectum and the anal canal.
The first section of the colon is the cecum. It is approximately seven centimeters long and is often wider in diameter than most of the other segments of the colon. The cecum is located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The cecum has no mesenteric attachment making it very moveable. It is held in position by the peritoneum.
The ascending colon starts at the ileocecal valve and journeys up the right side of the abdominal cavity, ending at the hepatic flexure. The ascending colon is secured in its position by peritoneum to the posterior abdominal wall and the hepato-renal ligament at the hepatic flexure. The ascending colon is roughly
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Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women, responsible for more than 57,000 deaths in 2001 alone. Colon polyps, which can lead to colon cancer, are found in about 30-40% of people aged 60 or older- and the risks of polyps increase with age” (Lerche Davis, 2003). Most cases of colon cancer start as small adenomatous polyps. Many people experience no signs or symptoms in the early stages of colon cancer. Some signs and symptoms can include diarrhea, constipation, or any change in consistency of your stool that continues for longer than a month. Any bleeding from the rectum or blood found in the stool can also be a sign of colon cancer. Continuing abdominal pain, cramps, gas, weakness, fatigue and unexplained weight loss could all be signs of rectal cancer in the patient (Staff,
located between the stomach and the intestine aids the pushing and stopping of food transmission and a duct
The 19th century set the stage for different policies that lead to the extending of America’s power, which is defined as imperialism. Imperialism started for different reasons like the Americans wanting the U.S. to expand or explore the unknown land, or even some feared existing resources in U.S. might eventually dry up. The reason imperialism started doesn’t really matter, but more of what it caused. Imperialism lead to Cuban assistance, the addition of Hawaii and Alaska to America, and Yellow Journalism.
Rectum is a chamber that contain around 8 inch of tube, the rectum are connected to the large intestine and anus. Rectum have a function of release the unnecessary product.
The GI tract is also called as the alimentary canal, which is essentially a long winding tube of approximately 30 feet (9 meters). The mouth, esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small and large intestines and the anus, make up the GI tract. The salivary glands, tongue, teeth, gall bladder, pancreas and the liver form the associated accessory organs (Tortora & Derrickson, 2008).
Secondly, the elongated gonads are located beneath the swim bladder. This specimen was male because it only had one urogenital pore behind the anus and the bright orange tissue of the testis was found near the intestines. The digestive tract is then removed as a whole and consist of the esophagus, stomach, pyloric ceca, intestines and anus. The digestive organs are often covered with a fat layer of insulation purposes. The cream coloured liver and gallbladder are removed along with the digestive organs. These organs are then separated from the digestive tract by cutting the membranes that join them. The liver is the largest of all the internal organs and the gallbladder is green, because of the bile
The colon, which is about 6 feet long, connects the small intestine with the rectum and anus. The major function of the colon is to absorb water and salts from digestive products that enter from the small intestine. Two quarts of liquid matter enter the colon from the small intestine each day.
Colon cancer develops in the part of the gastrointestinal tract that absorbs water and minerals before waste products are disposed via the rectum. In women endometrial cancer is related to colon cancer. This type of cancer is the second leading cause of death due to cancer in the United States. Over one-hundred fifty thousand individuals will be diagnosed this year and this cancer will probably be responsible for about 47,900 deaths in 1999 (http://www.cancer.org). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas that develop from the glandular cells. Ninety percent of all colon cancer cases will develop in individuals after 50 years of age. Ninety percent of all tumors arise from polyps that are commonly found in people older than 50. Prevention includes regular exercise and a diet high in fiber. The most important risk factor is age. Medical screening includes a yearly blood occult test after age 50 and a colonoscopy every 3 years after age 50. Regular screening detects polyps that have become precancerous. If regular screening is not done, the cancer is not detected until blood is found in the...
Proctosigmoiditis involves the rectum and the lower end of the colon (the sigmoid colon). Common symptoms of this form of UC are bloody diarrhea, an inability to make bowel movements known as tenesmus, and abdominal pain.
A 57-year-old female presents to her physician with changes in her bowel habits for the past few weeks. The patient reveals that she usually has soft bowel movements once a day. However, she has started passing pellet-like stools that alternate with loose stools. Her current symptoms are associated with sense of bloating and abdominal fullness. The patient denies seeing blood in her stool, weight loss, low-grade fever, a family history of colorectal cancer, or previous colon cancer screening. Abdominal examination reveals normal bowel sounds, no tenderness to palpation, and no evidence of a mass. Rectal examination is normal, and stool is negative for occult blood. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in the management of
Figure 2: Esophagus (40x: H&E)- The esophagus is a muscular tube that links the pharynx with stomach allowing foods, liquids, and saliva to be carried to the stomach. The wall of the esophagus is formed by four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. The mucosa is lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Underneath this epithelium is the lamina propria, which is a
Most digestion occurs inside the stomach and the small intestine. The remaining product is moved through the large intestine where vitamins and water are absorbed. This is where diverticular disease occurs, along the walls of the small intestine.
Ventral mesentery from end of foregut to upper part of the duodenum . So , when the ventral mesentery disappear , there are 2halves of intra embryonic coelom will communicate and get attach to each other forming the peritoneal cavity .
Diverticular disease is a condition that occurs when pouches form toward the end of the large intestine. The large intestine includes the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, right and left colic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal. The wall of your colon has four main layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria (externa), and adventia layer (serosa). Blood vessels called vasa recta supply blood to the colon.
The large Intestines is about seven cm and is greater than the small intestines but shorter. It houses a variety of bacteria including vitamin B12, thiamin, riboflavin, biotin, various gases, and helps form vitamin K. The major function of the large intestines is to absorb most of the remaining water from indigestible foods residue, store them temporary and then to eliminate them from the body after usage. The large intestines considers of the cecum pouch at beginning of large intestines , appendix, colon portion of large intestines that extends from cecum to rectum,
It carries food, liquids, and saliva to the stomach from the mouth. The stomach is a muscular organ on the left side of the upper abdomen. After the esophagus delivers the foods and liquids, the stomach secretes acids and enzymes to digest the food then the stomach pumps the food and liquids into the intestines. The liver filters blood from the digestive tract and secretes bile that goes into the intestines after detoxifying chemicals and metabolizing drugs. The gallbladder is under the liver and stores and recycles excess Bile from the small intestine so it can be used again in digestion. Bile is a fluid that helps with digestion by breaking down fats into fatty acids which is then taken into the body by the digestive tract. The pancreas is a large gland that secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestines in order to complete chemical digestion. The small intestine is a long thin tube that contains many folds which help to digest food and absorb nutrients. The large intestine is a long thick tube that absorbs water and contains symbiotic bacteria that helps to break down wastes and extract nutrients. Poop in the large intestine leave through the anus. The villus is located inside of the small intestines, they increase the surface area of the small intestine and absorb