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Aggressive in a child. A case study on a child of 4-7 years
Aggression and its effects on children
Aggression and its effects on children
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There are many different types of behaviour that can be categorized as aggressive. Typically, when you see someone being socially disruptive you would assume they would turn out to be aggressive. This paper will explore the aggression in young people and the likelihood that these aggressive youths will eventually commit further criminal offences. It will also cover the prevention of future criminal offenders and how we can stop it. Typical indicators of aggression are stealing, lying, bullying, etc (Benson, 2002). There is always the possibility that different types of aggression could end up having multiple different outcomes. There are two different types of aggression explained, “indirect aggression and direct aggression.” Indirect aggression …show more content…
There is very little knowledge and research on children committing crimes. Criminologists mostly study adults and their criminal behaviour. Although, criminologists should be studying children just as much as adults. Children can begin to show signs of abnormal behaviour and questionable actions at a very young age. As humans, we tend to look at the problem and fix it rather than trying to prevent it. A way to help prevent future criminal offences: is by diminishing the aggression in the earlier stages of life. Aggression at a young age can lead to further criminal offences (Benson, 2002). There are many different theories of crime and how they develop through the years. One popular theory of crime was the Gottfredson and Hirschi’s general theory. It is stated that “variation in individual levels of self-control is an important contributor to adolescent delinquency and adulthood crime” (Gottfredson and Hirschi, 1990, p.g.7). Gottfredson and Hirschi explained that self-control starts off in the childhood years. In their theory, they specifically said that self-control is really shaped by parenting. Moffit’s developmental theory, however, thinks of this in a different context. She believes that there are two different types of
The self-control theory suggested that people engaged in criminal behaviors as they believed that crime was an advisable way of fulfilling their self-interest, which provided them a sense of pleasure immediately. Everyone has different ability to control their impulses for instant satisfaction, the ability mainly developed before puberty and relatively stable over the life span. The probability for engaging in criminal behaviors was greater in people with low self-control than those with high self-control. Moreover, the self-control theory suggested that the relationship between self-control and the involvement in criminal behaviors was less affected by factors like peer influences or cultural influences (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990). Therefore, self-control theory is totally different from differential association theory. According to Gottfredson and Hirschi (1990), the major cause of children with low self-control may be inefficient parenting. Parents should monitor their children, keep the children under surveillance, and actively react to improper behaviors. They should be able to recognize when deviance occurs, then punished and disapproved that misbehaviors. If the parents failed to do so, children with low self-control may be produced and thus the children may have a greater likelihood to commit in
As Laub and Sampson (2003) analyze crime over the life course, they highlight Terrie Moffitt’s theory and discuss the limitations of her developmental explanation. In Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy, she acknowledges two categories of offenders...
There are many crimes committed by teenagers every year. Crimes that are committed by teens each year are mainly assault, bullying, gang violence, and physical fights. According to National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center, about 1 and 9 murders are from kids that are under 18 (Center, 2001). In 1998, there were approximately 2,570 among youth aged 10-19. Every day there are at least 7 children murdered in the United States (Center, 2001). Statistics say that between 16%-32% female teenagers have committed a crime before the age of 17. Also 30%-40% male teenagers have committed a violent crime before they turned 17 (Center, 2001). Teenagers that commit crimes are the ones who were abused or bullied as a...
Giller, Henri, Ann Hagell, and Michael Rutter. Antisocial Behavior By Young People. New York: Cambridge UP, 1998.
Feshback, Seymour and Jolanta Zagrodzka. (1997). Aggression: Biological, Developmental, and Social Perspectives. New York: Plenum Press.
A high school student cried as she recounted being tormented in middle school by her classmates. For some reason she was targeted as a “dog,” and day after day she had to walk the halls with kids barking at her. How did it stop? The girl said she stopped it. But how? She picked out another girl, someone worse off than herself, and started to call her dog. Then the others forgot about her. Then they barked at the other girl instead. Girls may be made of sugar and spice and everything nice, but on the inside, they are just plain mean. “Girls tease, insult, threaten, gossip maliciously, and play cruel games with their friends’ feelings and set up exclusive cliques and hierarchies in high schools.” (Omaha World Herald, 10A).
... Crime in the Life Course. Retrieved from http://criminology.fsu.edu/center/jjeep/pdf/annual2003/chapter7ar03.pdf Moffitt, T. E. (1993). A Developmental Taxonomy. Retrieved from http://www.psychology.sunysb.edu/ewaters/552-04/slidsets/brian_mcfarland_aggression/moffitt_aggression.pdf Siegel, L. J. (2000).
More generally, criminal statistics do not tell the whole story of youth crime. In particular, definitions of criminal behaviour change over time. One exam...
In England, conforming to the Civitas’s Crime report Youth Crime in England and Wales (2010) the youngest age that someone can be prosecuted is as young as ten years old. It is also mentioned that trailing, patrolling and applying penalties on young offenders costs almost four billion pounds annually. The numbers of first time offences committed by a young person has decrease over the years; according to the Youth Justice Statistics (2014) youth crime is down by 63% since 2002. In regards to the offences themselves, nearly every offence category has decreased in reoccurrence with exception to drug offences declares Civitas’s Youth Crime in England and Wales (2010). The same report states that theft and handling remains the highest volume category taking up 21% of all youth crime. It is shortly followed by violence against a person, 19.5%, and criminal damage, 11.9%. It can be concluded from both aforementioned reports that crime in the UK is decreasing. Contrariwise to this, youth reoffending rates are soaring concludes Civitas’s Youth Crime in England and Wales (2010).
However there are many more which, in particular, offer some theories on the explanation of youth crime. A hugely famous youth crime theory is the Labelling theory. This theory argues that the behaviour or self-identity of a juvenile can be highly influenced by the labels or terms that are used to classify them (Banks, 2013). The theory promotes rehabilitating young people rather than to simply punish and then release the offenders as this attaches a label in which society views the juveniles (Burke, 2001). Due to this label, it could be seen that juveniles have no choice other than to live up to the labels presented to them and that labelling a youth as a criminal has adverse affects as to what was desired. It’s argues that by labelling someone as a criminal it traps them into that career and fulfils a self fulfilling prophesy (Carr and Wahidin, 2013). Another thing that crime has often been linked to is the level of intelligence an individual has. The common theory is that if someone has a lower level of intelligence then they will be more likely to struggle during education and could be more likely to rebel in the form of criminal acts. However saying this, intelligence is often a feature in unsuccessful criminals (That’s to say, those who are caught) (Burke,
Developmental theories are the different views that are used to describe why criminal activity starts and why it continues or stops. Life course theory views an individual from childhood to adulthood and how they are influenced by other individuals, life experiences and personal traits. When kids are in trouble throughout their childhood, things like a stable job and intact relationships can help them deter from crime. On the other hand, some children continue to hang with the wrong crowd and develop a criminal career. This is an original theory first discovered by Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck. The major strength of this theory is that it focuses on the history of a person as well as present day. A weakness of this theory is that it is hard to keep up with the changes in society and the changes that can affect an individual’s way of life.
Owens, L., Shute, R. & Slee, P., 2000, ‘“Guess what I just heard”: Indirect Aggression among Teenage Girls in Australia’, Aggressive Behaviour, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 67-83.
The construct that is in question is the measure of aggression. Aggressiveness has been a popular disposition for study because it can be closely linked to observed behavior. An aggressive behavior has generally been defined as a behavior that is intended to injure or irritate another person (Eron, Walder,& Lefkowitz, 1971). Aggressiveness, then, is the disposition to engage frequently in behaviors that are intended to injure or irritate another person. The one difficulty this definition presents for measurement is the intentionality component. Whether or not an observed behavior injures or irritates another person can usually be determined without much difficulty, but the intention behind the behavior may be more difficult to divine, particularly when one is dealing with children. Self-reports do not solve the problem, either, as even the individual behaviour may not be aware of the intentions behind the behavior (Nisbett & Wilson, 1977).
Loeber, R and Farrington, D (2000). Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications. Development and Psychopathology, , pp 737-762.
There is no one certain theory, regarding juvenile delinquency, that can completely distinguish all the determining factors that makes youth turn to crime; although, the study of all these theories and ideas can bring criminologist one step closer to uncovering the truth about juvenile delinquency. Only the further understanding of juvenile delinquency can help the prevention of future juvenile offenders. This paper will focus on the individual factors of delinquency, as well as the social elements, and provide an explanation of how the combination of the two elements may cause children to engage in criminal activity.