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Essays on holland's theory of career path
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This paper will endeavor to discuss the premise, merits, and practical application of three career development theories in a comprehensive career development program to be implemented in a public school district.
Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice Holland’s Theory of Vocational Choice falls into the positivist category of career theories. The Theory of Vocational Choice is the best known and most widely researched career choice theory and is used by most career counselors. This theory can be easily summarized as, “Choosing a career that fits one’s personality type, has that person working with like-minded individuals, and is in a positive work environment will result in higher work satisfaction and fulfillment (Brown & Brown, 2012).”
Holland’s theory operates under the premise that the following five principles are true.
• In our culture, most people are one of six personality types: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional.
• To complement those six personality types, six basic work environments exist in which each type feels most productive and comfortable.
• Likes will inherently go with likes. People with similar personality types working together create a
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Learning style assessments, and interest inventories when help students set academic and career goals (AR.1.8, AR.2.3). Reviewing assessments can be eye opening, and can aid students through career counseling/coaching as they discovering more about themselves. Counselors can use assessments to detect how our students learn and what motivates them (AR.1.8). This information can be used to help students determine their interest, especially when they don’t have any strong preferences (AR.1.5, AR.1.8). Students should be using these tools before high school to begin planning for their future, and they need counselors to lead the way (AR.1.5, AR.1.8, AR.2.3, AR.2.4, AR.3.5 and AR.
Personality is the individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. To me, personality means uniqueness. It is what sets us all apart from one another. Personality psychologist has coined five different traits into the Big Five. It consists of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Extraverts are people who are relatively sociable and outgoing while on the opposite end individuals who are introverts are people who would much rather enjoy the company of close friends and family. People who are high in agreeableness are more likely to be trustworthy. Those who are high in conscientiousness are goal-oriented. Individuals high in neuroticism
Personality is defined as a person's differences to another in regards to their patterns of behavior, thinking, and emotional responses (American Psychological Association). The Big Five Personality Traits are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, or OCEAN for short. Openness is essentially correlated to exploring new things. The people that have high levels of this trait are generally more apt to do things like try different types of food, be more creative, and have the ability to tackle challenging problems. People who are low on this trait generally have a dislike for change, tend to not enjoy trying new things, and are generally more traditional in a sense..
These scales are commonly alternatively represented by the OCEAN acronym Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion/Introversion, Agreeableness and Neuroticism. The Big Five structure captures, at a broad level of abstraction, commonalities among most of the existing systems of personality description, and provides an integrative descriptive model for personality research. (Oliver& Sanjay 1999)
According to Maree and Beck, traditional career counseling involves a heavy emphasis on psychometric tests, work sheets and computer programs were utilized to form an objective image of the individual. As a result the assessment drives a “image” that is usually matched with the character and traits suited to a logically matched specific career. If the values, interests and abilities of the individual were considered congruent with the requirements of a specific career, the assumption was made that the individual would find that career stable, productive and satisfying. The 'matching', 'objective' image was accepted as generally seen as concrete, real, and true. However, the traditional method deprives an individual of the opportunity explore their interests because the heavy testing emphasis generally created a label for a cl...
The traits that comprise the “Big Five” personality traits are as follows: neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion, and agreeableness. All five traits
Analyzing career theory is an important task, not only as an individual but also on a large scale. If everyone has the career they are best at and enjoy above all others, the world would be a much happier place. Imagine a world where each individual viewed work as not something they have to do, but as something they want to do. Productivity would increase at all levels. Charitable foundations and businesses would be abundant. Whereas this ideal may not be fathomable at this point, if each person used this information, it would be only a matter of time before we are moving in that harmonious direction.
A person’s personality has been the subject of psychological scrutiny for many years. Psychologists have drawn up several theories in an attempt to accurately predict and determine one’s personality. Foremost amongst these, is the “Big Five Trait Theory” which stemmed from Raymond B. Cattell’s theory.
Social cognitive career theory (SCCT) is a relatively new theory that is aimed at explaining three unified aspects of career development: 1. how basic academic and career interests develop, 2. how educational and career choices are made, and 3. how academic and career success is obtained. The theory incorporates a variety of concepts that appear in earlier career theories and have been found to affect career development (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 2000).
Holland’s theory of vocational personalities and work environments is the premier structural theory behind modern counseling. His theory structural theory is centered around the basic belief that people will seek out careers that offer environments that are compatible with their interest, likes and dislikes. This basic premise is the foundation for Holland’s globally accepted vocational personality and work environment theory. This structural theory can be explained by four general statements. First, in today’s society, generally most people will fall into one of Holland’s six category types. These types are defined as Realistic, Intellectual, Social, Conventional, Enterprising and Artistic. Secondly, there are six kinds of environments that exists in modern society (Holland, 1966). These environments are also defined as Realistic, Intellectual, Social, Conventional, Enterprising and Artistic. Next people will search for the environment and vocation that allows them to best use there skills and talents, to express their attitudes and values, to take on problems and roles they like and avoid the ones that they dislike (Gottfredson, 1981). Finally a persons behavior is determined by the interaction of his personality pattern and his environment. Holland’s theory allows counseling to define, explain and predict personality types and their compatibility with the work environment. Holland’s theory on the surface may seem simple, but the interest in his theory are useful and can indicate much more than just the types of work a person will enjoy. The many components of abilities and personalities are contained within a persons interest profile.
Wyld, D. "The 13th Generation and Its Revolutionary Definition of `Career.'" Journal of Career Planning and Employment55, no. 1 (November 1994): 26-28, 58-60. (ERIC No. EJ 497 317)
My personality type is Extroverted, intuitive, feeling, perceptive or ENFP. According to the description in the exercise, ENFP's are warm, enthusiastic and live their outer life more with intuition and their inner more with feeling. This assessment is consistent with the results that I received in part I of the exercise. I am an extroverted person who enjoys being around and working with people.
Career counseling over the lifespan has more than an occupational focus, it deals with the person’s entire being with a vision that includes one’s lifespan. Career counseling takes into consideration character development, character skills, life roles, individual life and work history, goals, and obstacles. A career counselor not only assists a client with a career plan, but also with a life plan. This paper focuses on two categories of career counseling. The first focus is the history of career counseling as a field of study with the emphasis on when and why career counseling began (1800s as a study of how the shape of one’s head relates to vocational choice), who and what influenced it (Sizer, Parsons, and Davis), and how it has changed (from an individual/community vocational view to an individual/world lifespan view). The second focus is on the application of career counseling by researching two leaders, John Holland’s and Donald Super’s, contributions to career counseling, their theories and assessments and on the biblical aspects of career counseling and how each theory relates to the Bible.
Within Holland’s theory there are six personality types which correspond with a set of occupations. Holland proposed “that [job] satisfaction is highest and turnover is lowest when personality and occupation are in agreement” (Robbins & Judge, 2009, 122). Thus, persons working in jobs which are congruent with their personalities are more likely to have job satisfaction, than persons working in incongruent occupations (Robbins & Judge, 2009). With this information, managers could dramatically increase the job satisfaction of their workforce by placing employees into job opportunities which matched the employee’s personality. If Holland’s theory is correct and the employees are honest on the Vocational Preference Inventory examination then the theory could be an effective tool for decreasing job
Career management plays important role in career development. Career management is done with involved taking some necessary steps to reach the career plan and commonly more focusing on the ability of the organization able to do for their employee to increase their career development (Werner & DeSimone, 2009). Career plan is usually able to be performed, at least in some apart, through the training program which implemented by the organization. Career management process contained four steps which are self-assessment, reality check, goal setting and action planning (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
Choosing a career is one of the most important decisions a person has to make in their life. It is so important because that is what we will have to do to support ourselves throughout life. Imagine being stuck in a dead end job and having to go to work every morning and dreading it. That is no spending oneÕs time and life is too short to work 35 years and be unhappy with it. If a person likes the job they do then it is not work, because finding satisfaction out of a job can bring great happiness. That information has enabled me to make the decision of choosing my area of study and career in the field of Information Technology.