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The complex and unique relationship between Zeus and Prometheus is one that revolves around power and turns them from friends to enemies. During the Titanomachy, the war between the Titans and the Olympian gods, Prometheus helped Zeus during the war which stabilized their relationship. However, it goes in the opposite direction when Prometheus tricks Zeus twice, and is then punished by him in the form of eternal torture. (Prime 3) Prometheus displays his desire to help mankind, while Zeus cares more about bringing about justice to those who disobey him. In Hesoid's Theogany, Zeus and Prometheus are involved in a relationship where Zeus wishes to promote justice by punishing humanity due to him being tricked. On the other hand Prometheus' desire is to protect and promote mankind due to him creating them. In turn, Zeus acts as an agent of evil who aims to tear down the agent of hope for humanity, Prometheus. This is significant because it shows the shift in power between Zeus and Prometheus. Zeus enacts punishments to display the power he has, meanwhile Prometheus uses his cleverness and trickery to show his own power. In the end, the …show more content…
unfortunate gift of immortality given to Prometheus leaves him physically powerless; however he succeeds in being a benefactor for his creations. Zeus was the one to have given mankind justice. Zeus was not the only god who watched over the world, and he was also not known for goodness. The fear of Zeus came from the power that he had. (Lloyd-Jones 50) Even though he had given mankind justice, he did not really care for them in the way Prometheus would. Though with the power that Zeus possessed, mankind prayed and sacrificed to him, not to Prometheus who was their supporter and caretaker. (Lloyd-Jones 52) Zeus' power made the people of Earth fear him, and this is because they knew that he could punish them in any way he desired. He promotes justice and displays his power when Prometheus tricks Zeus into accepting the inferior part of the sacrificed beast, and he punishes Prometheus by depriving men of fire. (Hesoid 535-557) This was a successful attempt to hurt Prometheus by hurting the people he cared about. Prometheus knew that fire was important because mankind could not sacrifice or make cooked food. (Lloyd-Jones 51) Zeus in knowing this, supports justice by punishing Prometheus' crimes of deceit, even though the punishment should be solely towards Prometheus, Zeus decides to punish his descendants, the humans. (Lloyd-Jones 51) By the form of punishments, Zeus is showing off how powerful he is, and what he can do. This is important for him, because as a god, he is meant to be omnipotent. However, Zeus did not create the universe, nor could he kill the immortal Prometheus if he wanted to. The power that he has and the ability he has to enact punishment is what makes him somewhat omnipotent. It is the sole reason as to why mankind prays to him. (Lloyd-Jones 70) It is also the case that Prometheus' punishment, which is cruel torture, is meant to be an example of Zeus' ability and power. Zeus is meant to deliver what he feels as justice; it is in his power to, and it is also his duty as a god. (Loney 505) Prometheus' struggle to compete in wits with Zeus is where he becomes a target of Zeus' wrath. He deceives Zeus and thus establishing his fate where his liver is eaten daily by an eagle. (Hesoid 521-525) The severity and permanence of Prometheus' fate portrays the two important values to Zeus' rule: power and justice. (Loney 509) In order to display his aspects of both power and punishment, he aims to make Prometheus' punishment fit his crime. To Zeus, Prometheus attempted to disturb the hierarchy of the gods and mankind by giving them fire. A fire that will never burn out is in itself divine, and that is something that could possibly give Zeus trouble. (Prime 23) It is an opportunity for them to possibly surpass some gods if they were to use that fire in a certain way. So in a sense that fire is immortal, and in accordance, Zeus gives Prometheus immortality so that he may suffer for all of eternity. Prometheus is turned into prey for the eagle for disrupting the hierarchy, essentially putting him below both gods and mankind. (Loney 509) Prometheus is trying to spar with Zeus ends up losing in this battle of power, and becomes a victim of Zeus' justice. Prometheus is meant to suffer for eternity so that he will forever think about the mistake he made in trying to meddle with the almighty Zeus. Zeus is the supreme agent of power and all knowing, what he decides is just is unchangeable. In this way, Prometheus is a permanent example of the justice and power of Zeus. (Loney 510) Prometheus was the special patron of mankind, not Zeus. He is the one god who loved mankind, but they did not pray to him. There were some cults that were dedicated to him but overall there was nothing. (Lloyd-Jones 52) However this did not discourage Prometheus from loving his creations. In Prometheus' claim for power, mankind was his fuel. The existence of the people he created is what motivated him to deceive Zeus, that is where his power comes from. When Prometheus tricks Zeus, this exploits Zeus as an all powerful god, because as one he should surely not be deceived. By tricking Zeus with the bones and fire, Prometheus is able to overpower Zeus and make him weak in those moments. (Loney 512) Zeus is essentially left as limited, he has been tricked and defeated during those events. Zeus did not know of Prometheus' intentions, and this leaves Zeus vulnerable to being overcome by him. (Loney 511). Prometheus is however caught by Zeus and then severally punished in a way that exploits Prometheus as a paradigm of what happens when someone tries to goes against Zeus' authority. Though to Prometheus, he accomplished himself as a benefactor of mankind. He successfully deceived the almighty Zeus by stealing meat and fire, and then giving them to something really important to him: the humans. (Loney 505) This accomplishment is a portray of Prometheus' power of Zeus. He succeeds in showing that even someone who seems omnipotent can be exposed. In this way, Zeus is a more unstable and weaker god, while Prometheus can be viewed as an agent of power and a benefactor of mankind. (Loney 515) Even after Prometheus is tied up to the stone and tortured, he gets Zeus' attention over a prophecy, which again gives him power over Zeus. (Prime 281) Zeus is forced to listen because he needs to know, and that prophecy is a method of power that helps Prometheus escape his cruel punishment. (Lloyd-Jones 65) Prometheus being the maker of human beings gives him a duty to protect his creations. (Powell 109) Prometheus is humanities hope for when things are tough for them, and the obstacles humanity encounters unfortunately come from Zeus. Zeus was angered by Prometheus so he removed fire from mankind. This is Zeus using his power as an agent of evil. (Weisleder 2) Zeus knew that humans survived by eating cooked meat, and now they were forced to starve. However, Prometheus could not let the people he cared about suffer, so he uses his power to be an agent of hope as he steals fire from heaven and gives it to them. (Prime 280) Though mankind now had permanently acquired fire, it had arrived to them at their caretakers expense. (Powell 111). The relationship of these gods is of the clash over the things that mattered to them. For Zeus, his authority and implementation of justice is what was important. For Prometheus, being a benefactor for humanity is what was prioritized. (Lloyd-Jones 70) Zeus needed to establish the gods as stronger than humanity by punishing them, but Prometheus wanted to help them; this is where the conflict lies. Prometheus as hope for humanity, and Zeus as evil. (Weisleder 2) Prometheus gave mankind hope for survival, before he came along to help, it would seem to them that they knew they were going to die. (Lloyd-Jones 58) Even after Prometheus brought them fire and was punished, Zeus brought upon more inescapable evils by creating women. (Loney 509) Women were to make men suffer and bring upon distress. (Hesoid 591-602) Zeus as an agent of evil, uses his power to clamp down his authority. Prometheus as an agent for hope, uses his trickery to help his creations. The relationship between Zeus and Prometheus revolved around power and the fate of humanity.
Zeus and Prometheus are at war with their interests. Zeus wants to establish his authority by using his power to punish both Prometheus and humanity, while Prometheus only wishes to help his creations. This clash over who is more powerful makes Zeus act as an agent of evil as he is tearing down humanity, and in turn Prometheus acts as an agent for hope as he helps humanity with their problems. The shift and struggle for power between Zeus and Prometheus is what is important. It displays that though Prometheus is at a disadvantage when going against Zeus, he does not give up as he wants to protect what is important to him. Zeus' power comes from punishing others, and Prometheus' power derives from his deception and desire to help
mankind.
...the god based upon conflicting traits of fear, deceit, and lust. Zeus' main characteristic is power in both Greek and Roman mythology. However, when Ovid's Metamorphoses is compared to Hesiod's Theogony, Juno's power is limited. Ovid's lack of respect and belief about Jupiter is apparent in his writings, which portray Jupiter as fearful, cunning, deceitful, and lustful. In opposition, Hesiod views Zeus as fearless, intelligent, and certainly not lustful. Zeus' characteristics in the Theogony are reflected from Hesiod's belief about the god to be much more than a worthless myth to the Greeks. Instead of mocking and disrespecting the all-powerful god of Greek and Roman mythology, Hesiod respects Zeus as the most powerful god.
The first question which must be addressed is, "Why have these men been made to suffer?" To simply say that Zeus or God is displeased is not enough, and to say that Prometheus and Job have sinned is confusing. Most Western readers approach these works with a pre-conceived notion of sin which has been born out of the Judeo-Christian theological tradition a tradition which dictates that there are specific moral rules which must be followed, and to transgress them is to sin. While this interpretation of sin may be functional for a reading of Job, it is useless for understanding Prometheus Bound.
Both the poems of Hesiod’s tell of the curse of Pandora and both have Prometheus as the main character. Prometheus in both is the cause of why Zeus inflicted
In a time long, long ago there was a god named Zeus, and a goddess named Hera. These two both had a child, and named him Hephaestus, and he was one of the ugliest babies ever born. He was so ugly that both of the parents didn't want him anymore.
The lack of freedom in this society causes Prometheus to do what he does. It gives Prometheus problems, for example, throughout his life he was treated differently b/c he was tall. In this society being tall was a transgression b/c it was different and they didn’t like that. The consequences of being different were great. He is punished for working on his invention, not b/c it was a bad idea, but b/c the members of the Council of Scholars thought that he had “dared … to think that his mind held greater wisdom than the minds of his brothers.
Aeschylus’ Prometheus Bound portrays a greek god detained by a superior for disobedience against the latter’s rule. On the other hand in Euripides’ Hippolytus portrays lust and vengeance of the gods and the extent that they can go to to avenge it.
In a society in which social position was vital for having a successful family, the Greek and Roman families internally struggled with one another. This constant conflict stems from the father’s desire for control and the society’s high placement of power. In the Greek myth Demeter and Persephone, Zeus’s interest for his selfish gains prompts him to “ ( give ) Persephone to the Lord of Dead to become his queen “ ( Rosenberg Demeter 96). Zeus does not ask Persephone nor Demeter, his beloved wife, presenting that he does not show any opinions on their feelings. Although Zeus in reality just wanted to have a powerful family with the addition of Hades, his love for power overrode his love for his family and created a tension between the other members and him. In another Greek myth, Jason and the Golden Fleece, shows man’s love for supremacy through ...
...xt, it saved man, though he must pay the consequences for his actions and since Prometheus had foresight, he knew what he was facing against Zeus and he did it anyway. I believe that makes it hard to determine was his punishment fair? Because of the human condition trying to show mercy on the actions of Prometheus makes me on one hand say no his punishment was unfair but for me to believe in Zeus’ sovereignty and control then I will have to rest on the decision of Yes, Zeus was fair in his punishment. It had to be done to keep order. It seems to me as a way to keep balance in all things in creation.
...erhaps Prometheus is not only bound by the chain, but also bound by the tension between fate and freedom: he consciously submitted to the unchallengeable power of fate, but still believes in the freedom of making choices. According to Greek’s traditional view about fate and destiny, one could argue that the perceived free choices are not actually free, but also controlled by fate. If freedom is the ability to choose otherwise, both mortals and immortals in Greek world are void of freedom.
Up until now, we have read and studied two different accounts of various events in the life of Prometheus. The first one came from Hesiod, who described the Prometheus myth in his Theogony, and briefly in Works and Days, mainly to explain the various aspects of human life, such as sacrifice. On the other hand, Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound mainly illustrates Prometheus' punishment and plight along with other victims of Zeus, such as the nymph, Io. Since Hesiod's works were written before Prometheus Bound, we can assume that Aeschylus was familiar with his version because the plot and a few elements are quite similar in both works. As a result, it is interesting to see the Prometheus myth presented in two vastly different contexts, which are shown
The serpent is characterized as devious in which he lies to Eve to make her eat the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. The Serpent is characterized, “The serpent was more crafty than any wild creature that the Lord God had made….‘Of course you will not die. God knows that as soon as you eat it, your eyes will be opened and you will be like the gods knowing both good and evil’” (Genesis 1-6). It seems the The Serpent is maliciously trying to defy God. In contrast, Premetheus is described as a hero that sacrificed himself for the humans. He disregards Zeus’s power and steals the fire, “But the great son of iapetus deceived him and stole the far-seen light of untiring fire in a hollow narthex, this bit deep in spirit of high thundering Zeus and his heart was angry when he saw the far-seen light of fire among men” (Theogony 565-69). Prometheus’ intentions are honorable in which he shown to help mankind repeatedly. The major difference between the Serpent and Prometheus is that fact that their intentions were completely
In the beginning of this tragic play we find Hephaestus delivering Zeus’ prescribed punishment on Prometheus. This punishment entailed being chained to a rock in the middle of desolate land because Prometheus had pity on the humans that Zeus wanted to annihilate. In the first scene, the character of Force could be seen as Zeus’ id, the tyrant’s instinctive and reactionary desires as defined by Freud. Force demands that Prometheus be chained immediately to a large mountain rock for the crime of stealing fire from the gods to give to man (Aeschylus 5-10). Hephaestus “is selected to be the instrument of the tyrant’s vengeance because it was Hephaestus’ privilege which Prometheus has given to man,” since he is the god of fire (Grene 27). It was not only fire that Prometheus gave to man, but an explanation of numbers, shapes, love, hate, language and many other things as he details to the nymphs (Aeschylus 14-35). In this way man and gods were brought closer together by giving man dominion over nature and a means of survival without a constant interaction with the gods (Harris and Platzner
Eventually, he became so strong that he decided to stand up to his father, Cronus. He had matured to the point that he could claim the Kingdom of the World, and this prompted him to start a war between the gods and his father and his titans. His first mission was very clear to him and was perhaps the most important mission to him; he needed to rescue his siblings. All of his siblings were stored in their father’s stomach due to his sketchy suspicions. So now that Zeus knew where his siblings were, the only objective now is to get them out without getting caught and devoured as well. The plan was to slip some sort of vomit-inducing herb into his father’s food and rescue the disgorged adolescents. This plan worked. Out came Zeus’s siblings and they all ran away to somewhere safe. They then planned to overthrow Cronus. This eventually would take place in Tartarus, the depths of the underworld. Tartarus to the people of this time represents our current representation of hell. To the people of Roman culture this was a huge feat. It showed his willingness to go to even the deepest depths of hell to do what was best for earth. Then, after he overthrew his father, he was able to successfully defeat giants and a monster named Typhon. All of earth rejoiced as Zeus and his siblings officially ruled the Kingdom of Earth. Seeing this may have sparked hope in the people. If they could get their hands on literature that portrayed
One the most important gifts the humans received from Prometheus was courage, which allowed human beings to discover their freedom. Throughout the play, Prometheus maintains that he was the only one who “had the courage to halt men in their walk of death and to extinction” (pg. 35) and to defy the all-powerful Zeus. In doing this, Prometheus becomes the ultimate symbol of resistance to tyranny because he goes against the ruler of mortals and immortals in order to defend what he believes is right. Despite being chained to a rock and having his liver eaten daily by an eagle, Prometheus is determined to endure the suffering to prove his actions were not in vain. Thus, teaching humans the concept of courage. Initially human beings led lives in which they “…had eyes to see, but never saw; [had] ears for hearing, but never heard. Like huddled shapes in dreams, they used to drag their long lives through…” (pg. 46). Yet with fire, humans now had instruments that gave them a sense of courage and, in a way, a purpose for living as opposed to a continuous fight against death. Now, humans had courage through physical mediums and through Prometheus’ actions and
Prometheus’s mentality evolved from a rational compliant god of compromise to an agitator. In the beginning, Prometheus is rational and believes that Zeus will, “come to meet my haste, to join in amity and union with me-one day he shall come” (Prometheus Bound, 193-195). Prometheus is convinced that Zeus will come around and ask for him join together as they once did. Though he understands that he is punished, he is rational in that he is open for compromise and unity. Early in his character development, Prometheus shows fear and laments his fate, something that does not recur later. As Prometheus tells his story he becomes angrier and more defiant. He removes emphasis from reconciliation with Zeus and focuses on his own self importance as a force of progress. He boasts of the gifts he bestowed upon humanity and insists he is responsible for all human art. He accentuates himself as central to he growth of human civilization and its survival. As time progresses, Prometheus becomes irrational and fearless. He does not account for his actions and ceases to use his guile for his decision making. He no longer seems to experience sadness or fear, rather he urges Hermes to further punish him. Furthermore, earlier in text he attempts to reveal the prophecy in segments, yet now he shouts the entirety without fear. He openly mocks Zeus and Hermes