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Segregation | Apartheid Essay
The nature of apartheid legislation and its impact on the lives of Africans
Background of apartheid laws and their impact on the black south africans before the advent of democracy in 1994
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Recommended: Segregation | Apartheid Essay
Apartheid as defined by Hendrik Verwoerd is a policy in which one can do in the direction of what one regards as an idea . Apartheid is the form of a systematic segregation where people are isolated by social-economic status, race, gender and other classifications. Race is a coined modern term in which people are classified upon their distinct physical characteristics. Oxford dictionary explains that racism is prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one’s own race is superior. In South Africa, the Apartheid legislation began in 1856 beginning with the Masters and Servants Act of 1856 . Over the years, multiple prime ministers up held this act and added even more to the Apartheid legislation. In the constant reinforcement of the apartheid, South Africa elected J.G Strijdom as the Prime Minister in November of 1954. He was a firm believer of segregation and he believed that the country should be full of pure white bred people . After he died, …show more content…
his successor was Hendrik Verwoerd. Before his election, he studied psychology and sociology. His political thoughts involved the acceptance of segregation. Although he made laws in agreement with segregation, his original ideologies were not about segregation. He abused his power and manipulated his people into believing that he would change the laws. He used his scientific knowledge of psychology and sociology to say that the country needed segregation because he believed that people should stay with their own race. Dr.
Hendrik Voewoerd was born on September 8, 1901 in Netherlands, Australia. At the age of two, he and his family traveled to South Africa, where his father hoped to become a missionary . During his childhood, his family was rarely stationary. At the tender age of 23, he earned his Ph.D. in psychology. Shortly after, he established the first department of sociology and social work in South Africa4. After finishing his studies in the 1930’s Voewoerd began his start in politics as chairperson of the Socio-Economic Committee. American sociology and America’s ideology of separate but equal fascinated Dr. Verwoerd. In 1948, he became the successor of J.G. Strijdom in South Africa. In the 1950’s and 1960’s, he was responsible for the start of the apartheid. His aim as prime minister was to hold up Afrikaner white domination. He chose to do so by using oppressive laws, and he used intimidation by using local security, police, and army to frighten the
citizens.
The difference is that this segregation was not just between whites and blacks; it was among whites, and all the other races. The races were broken up into four categories: whites, Africans, Asians, and coloreds. How the people lived in South Africa depended on the race the person was. Everything was affected from education, employment, medical care and even where that person lived depended on their race. The apartheid was established to keep up white dominance in this country.
The apartheid era in South Africa began shortly after the Boer War as the Afrikaner National Party overtook the government following the country’s independence from Great Britain. The Afrikaners, or Dutch descendants, won the majority in 1948 in the first election for the country’s government. Only a short time after were apartheid laws initiated by the minority white descendants. In the Afrikaans language, apartheid’s literal meaning is “separateness,” which is exactly what the laws were designed for. The Afrikaner National Party initiated the laws to ensure their dominance of economic and social powers, but more importantly to strengthen white people’s preeminence by segregating whites and colored peoples. In order to do this, the Afrikaners limited the freedom of colored people in various ways. First, t...
Apartheid was a system of separation of the races both politically and socially in South Africa in the second half of the twentieth century. This system was said to be one of the last examples of institutionalized racism, and has been almost universally criticized. These Apartheid rules and restrictions were put in place by the National Party which had power over South Africa during this time period. The purpose of Apartheid legislation was to bring the Afrikaner ethnic group to a higher power in South Africa, and accomplished just that. The Afrikaner group was made up of descendants from Dutch colonists who settled in South Africa in order to make a refreshment station, a sort of rest stop, for the Dutch East India Company. The longer people stayed in Africa, the more they started to associate with it as their home. With the enslavement of many Africans, it is easy to see how these Afrikaners would associate themselves as above them and would feel entitled to power over them. This entitlement it how Apartheid rules were born.
Mandela was born July 18, 1918 in the South African village of Mvezo . The social and political climate during this time was one of a divided land and people. The overall mindset of South Africa was that blacks were an inferior race. Racism became not just in mindset but also in law. Harsh segregation made racism status in quo.
Enforced in 1877 after the Reconstruction period, Jim Crow was a practice or policy of segregating and discriminating against people of color, in public places, public vehicles, and employment. The country of South Africa had a system that was called Apartheid, a policy or system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race, that was enforced in 1948. When fighting an oppressive system, there are many similar muses that protesters have because the systems being disagreed with were one in the same. Though both the Anti-Apartheid movement and the Civil Rights movement were similar, each movement had its own disadvantages and differences.
The term apartheid (from the Afrikaans word for "apartness") was coined in the 1930s and used as a political slogan of the National Party in the early 1940s, but the policy itself extends back to the beginning of white settlement in South Africa in 1652. After the primarily Afrikaner Nationalists came to power in 1948, the social custom of apartheid was systematized under law. The apartheid was a social and political segregation of the white rulers from the black locals of South Africa.
South Africa’s racial problems began when the white people came and discovered South Africa with its black population. The white people wanted power because there were many fewer whites than blacks. The only way to achieve that was to change the government around so that only white people had political power. The three terms that were used to describe racial groups under the system of apartheid were European, Native and Coloured.
The strength of a nation is not established by the force of its military, economic standing, or government, but rather how its citizens are regarded. In order to attain strength, a nation must respect the principle of solidarity; the power of one voice. For without a defined sense of unity, a society is likely to crumble. Unfortunately, as seen throughout history, civilization has often made it their mission to seek out the differences in one another instead of accepting them. This fear of the unknown has led to humankind’s most despicable behavior; the separation of individuals due to their physical attributes. “Racism is mans gravest threat to man...the maximum of hatred for a minimum reason -Abraham Heschel .” Not only has racism allowed unproven ideologies to spread, but it has also lead to the disintegration of civilizations. Sadly, such tragic events have been a prevalent part in the history of Africa. Perhaps, one of the most blatant forms of racism occurred in South Africa, during the period of Apartheid. From 1948 to 1994 non-white Africans were subjected to horrific treatment, enforced by the South African National Party. The repulsive forms of racial segregation in South Africa, resulting from race and color, not only oppressed the colored majority group, but also denied them of any rights or human dignity.
South Africa really began to suffer when apartheid was written into the law. Apartheid was first introduced in the 1948 election that the Afrikaner National Party won. The plan was to take the already existing segregation and expand it (Wright, 60). Apartheid was a system that segregated South Africa’s population racially and considered non-whites inferior (“History of South Africa in the apartheid era”). Apartheid was designed to make it legal for Europeans to dominate economics and politics (“History of South Africa in the apartheid era”).
Through the perspective of an unconventional college professor, J.M. Coetzee’s Disgrace addresses the transition into post-apartheid South Africa, societal acceptance and rape through David Lurie and Lucy Lurie’s complex father-daughter relationship. While living in his daughter’s countryside home, David Lurie’s experiences reveal that despite the powerful political reform, crime continues to dominate the African people. Aspects of South African history are used to emphasize racial tension and the shift from a white to a black dominated South Africa. Coetzee also suggests the instability of the African society through constantly depicting his characters as emotionally unable to adapt to adverse situations. Although David and Lucy were initially introduced as polar opposites, their value of privacy and refusal to endure public humiliation and shame draw a parallel between the predator and prey of the novel. David Lurie ultimately evolves from his sexual encounters with Soraya, Melanie and Bev Shaw by realizing the traumatizing implications of his actions after the Lucy’s rape.
The apartheid system deployed a series of laws to keep the non-white people poor, uneducated, unprivileged and disenfranchised under the government’s control. (McMahon, Mary, and Bronwyn
Apartheid was introduced as a part of the National Party’s campaign in the 1948 elections. With the National Party victory, Apartheid became a national political policy in South Africa. In Apartheid people were classified according to three major racial groups: white, Bantu, or black Africans. This new law brought about new ways of life; where people worked, where they could go, and who they interacted with. Eventually, some labeled South Africa as a “police state” (Dowling 17) because of the harsh punishment for those who opposed the law and how blacks were unjustly treated.
If empathy is not present, as in South Africa, it destroys relationships. B. Apartheid encouraged categorization and the diminishment of equality, therefore eliminating empathy and blinding South African people to others’ humanity. C. A healthy South African society is possible, but
The apartheid was a very traumatic time for blacks in South Africa. Apartheid is the act of literally separating the races, whites and non-whites, and in 1948 the apartheid was now legal, and government enforced. The South African police began forcing relocations for black South Africans into tribal lines, which decreased their political influence and created white supremacy. After relocating the black South Africans, this gave whites around eighty percent of the land within South Africa. Jonathan Jansen, and Nick Taylor state “The population is roughly 78 percent black, 10 percent white, 9 percent colored, and l...
Apartheid is a word that means ‘separation’ in Afrikaans which is a spoken language in southern Africa. Apartheid was used in the twentieth century for racial segregation and political and economic discrimination in the late 1940’s . This is the separation between the blacks, coloured, and white South Africans. The apartheid in South Africa displays racial inequalities by having the twenty percent of whites rule over the majority of blacks and coloured. All whites wanted the blacks to have a whole other separate society. The African National Congress (ANC) which began as a nonviolent civil rights group tried to get rid of apartheid which was not successful until Nelson Mendela became the president and restored the South Africans natural rights.