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Contributions of teams to an organisation
5 key components cooperative learning
Paper about cooperative learning
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1. Team Recognition: A group receives recognition for the sum of the improvement scores of the group members each week. The group with the highest average group improvement score receives a group reward. The teachers announce the group scores and recognized the individual achievements in the prepared newsletter. Cumulative group standings are also reported. A newsletter is used as the primary mean of rewarding individual and group for their performance. Bulletin boards and special privileges can be considered productive choices. It can be seen from Table 2 that the use of an improvement score gives equal opportunities to members in different performance levels ability to earn points towards the group score as far as their performance is …show more content…
The reward is dependent on the average scores of the team derived from the individual improvement. 2. Reciprocal Teaching by Palincsar and Brow This method was developed for teaching reading comprehension. In this method, each group member is accounted for the improvement in cognitive performance necessary for reading comprehension. The operations the every member of a group is responsible for include reading and summarizing paragraphs, and asking and answering questions. The group members take turn in the group operations and get all a chance in each role 3. CO-OP by Kagan It is the method of teaching that focused on the students’ teamwork, coaching and sharing between group members, and achievement of the group goals. Students play the major role in the selection of topics to be learned and the creation of learning features. Similar to the jigsaw method, students share their knowledge to the whole group. Groups’ presentation, the contribution of individuals to the group, and the contents constructed by the group are evaluated. In fact, the key concept of cooperative learning models is students’ accountability in both individuals’ achievement and success of the group. They were suggested that works of the following scholars have contributed to the use of the cooperative teaching
Despite the world being full of diverse people with varying accomplishments and skill sets, people oftentimes assume the qualities and traits of an individual based purely on the stereotypes set forth by society. Although these stereotypes are unavoidable, an individual can be liberated, empowered and ultimately overcome these stereotypes by obtaining an advanced education.
Television has affected every aspect of life in society, radically changing the way individuals live and interact with the world. However, change is not always for the better, especially the influence of television on political campaigns towards presidency. Since the 1960s, presidential elections in the United States were greatly impacted by television, yet the impact has not been positive. Television allowed the public to have more access to information and gained reassurance to which candidate they chose to vote for. However, the media failed to recognize the importance of elections. Candidates became image based rather than issue based using a “celebrity system” to concern the public with subjects regarding debates (Hart and Trice). Due to “hyperfamiliarity” television turned numerous people away from being interested in debates between candidates (Hart and Trice). Although television had the ability to reach a greater number of people than it did before the Nixon/Kennedy debate, it shortened the attention span of the public, which made the overall process of elections unfair, due to the emphasis on image rather than issue.
Groups were assigned by professor and consisted of diverse students with various backgrounds. Our first task was writing group contract which involved participation of all group members and required closer contact among students. Tuckman’s Group Development Stages model can be used to show how our group worked together, as our ‘4U’ team had gone through each stage. Example of the forming stage was the first meeting when all group members tried to be polite and asked questions, such as ‘what is major?’, ‘what is your GPA?’, we tried to be kind to each other and be cautious to avoid misunderstandings in the beginning of our work. However, everything changed when we received the task to write contract and our group entered second stage of the Tuckman’s model. We experimented and tried to analyze who is doing better at brainstorming, writing, proofreading, and managing tasks. Therefore, some secondary tension occurred as all group members argued about topic, goals and norms we should establish. Our group consisted of four members which made it difficult to pass to third stage of Tuckman’s model. There was a conflict about topic; we had two ideas involving water quality problem and meal-plan issue. Both topics were interesting and challenging, there was an equal distribution of voices among these topics and group members openly disagreed, competed for a status and tried to persuade that their ideas are more important. There was not norming stage as separate, as conflicts occurred all the time, statuses of group members were also constantly changing. Group norms were continually adjusted and changing from the forming to performing stage. For instance, one of the explicit norms was that everyone should be prepared to the meeting (establi...
In order for effective cooperative learning to occur five essential elements are needed; positive interdependence, face-to-face interactions, individual accountability, social skills and group processing. (Johnson, 1999, p. 70-71). Social skills being the foundation to achieving all other elements required, without this set of skills the individual learner will find it difficult to cooperate with others. Thompson (1996) “social skills are paramount to applying cooperative learning to academic tasks” (p. 84).
“Some people would argue that many professional athletes are overpaid because of how much money they seem to be making; however there exists consequences to working in such a high-paying career field. The first point to consider is that their salary is based on supply and demand. They have a high entertainment value in our society, and are simply supplying our demand for entertainment. Not only do they meet our demand for entertainment, they also contribute more funds to our government because they pay higher taxes than the average American white-collar and blue-collar worker. The last, and maybe the most important, point to consider is that their job requires that they continuously risk their health and their career every in general”
...called ‘cooperative’ or ‘small group’ learning” (Cain, 77). Desks are even placed in groups create a small, makeshift table to encourage group effort and activities. Even math and english, subjects that are usually done individually, are also done in groups in the form of projects. This kind of teaching has been an ongoing trend, and it is increasing in popularity (77). The reasoning for teaching this way is not just because students can “learn from each other,” but rather, it models the business environment, where employees are expected to have exceptional communication and leadership skills. Not everyone wishes to be a leader or go into business, especially introverts, whose tendencies are almost the opposite of what is expected for a leader or a business person.
The needs of the community versus our rebirth in the new that impacts us only as juxtaposed secondary consideration to ours. How authentic is this to us, to all those around and beneficiaries we engage on a daily basis during our journey? Are all these factors not part of intimate determinants to the relevance and utility levels of the new us? Is it presumptuous that our involvement and imbeddedness in our self-awareness endeavours we intimately and authentically care about may need to start much earlier? We need to put these through known and established praxis tests?
...aborative teams with great thought for compatibility and work styles. The supervisors are expected to complete this at the end of the year so the teachers know what their assignments are for the upcoming year. In return the teachers are expected to prepare collaboratively before the start of the school year. The collaborative teams are expected to attend collaborative trainings together as a team during the school year and hopefully will choose to seek some training during the summer time as well. If there are multiple collaborative teams within a particular grade level core academic subject, that entire group is expected to attend the collaborative training together. We decided to make the entire process collaborative to produce the best collaborative processes. I am very pleased with the tool we created. I look forward to what we will be exploring next.
Scarnati, J. T. (2001). Cooperative learning: make groupwork work. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 67(Fall), 71-82.
Building self-esteem, enhancing student satisfaction with the learning experience, and promoting a positive attitude toward the subject matter are all benefits of collaborative learning. A higher degree of accomplishment takes place as a group because you essentially are a team. An example of this is a sports team. In a collaborative situation it takes every member to do his or her part in order for a situation to have a greater resolution; as where a sports team needs everybody’s individual talent to win a game. In retrospect, as a group; the contributions of our own talents can make the difference between a “win or Lose situation” it gives you a sense of competition, and knowing that you can win as a group; self esteem in one’s self is accentuated. Johnson and Johnson (1989), Slavin (1967). Another benefit to collaborative learning is based on the members of your group. Every individual in the group demonstrates their own input based on where they were born, what nationality they are so on and so on. The benefit of this is that you get a different perspective on things rather than always knowing what you know. You can take information from other cultures and add or apply it to what you already know.
How can teachers incorporate collaborative/cooperative learning activities within lessons and units of study? Zarei and Keshavarz (2011) discussed that many educators think that just because their students are working in small group that they are participating in cooperative learning grouping; nonetheless, this is not the case (p.40). Cooperative learning is the techniques that students use while in groups. However, there are several ways for teachers to include collaborative/ cooperative learning activities within lessons, such as Jigsaw groups, Student Team Achievement Divisions, and Learning circles. According to Vacca, Vacca, and Mraz (2014), when students are placed in jigsaw groups of three to six, they are provided a topic that they
Communities are to be distinguished, not by their falsity/ genuineness but by the style in which they are imagined. The nation is imagined as limited, sovereign and as a community because, regardless of the actual inequality and exploitation that may prevail, the nation is conceived as a deep, horizontal comradeship. The possibility of imagining the nation only arose in history when, and where, three fundamental cultural conceptions, all of great time immemorial, lost their obvious grip on men’s minds. The first of this was the idea that a particular script-language offered privileged access to ontological truth, precisely because it was an inseparable part of that truth. Second was the belief that society was naturally organized around and under high centers-monarchs who were persons apart from other human beings and who ruled by some form of cosmological (divine) dispensation.
The application of collaborative learning strategies is a process in which two or more students work together. Collaborative strategies will be used in planning, translating and reviewing the education process to form student learning through group-oriented activities. This source will also be useful in lesson planning to help explain how collaborative learning strategies in the classroom will help students in the learning process improve by interaction; how positive interdependence of collaborative learning leads to common responsibility; how collaborative learning builds students’ self-esteem, and confidence in students. This application recommends that collaborative learning strategies can be implemented with Jig-saw technique as well as in learning technology which can be accessible to all participants working in cooperative groups (Iqbal, Kousar, and Ajmal, 2011).
Collaborative learning is an educational approach that involves groups of learners working together to reach a consensus through negotiation to solve a problem, complete a task, or create a product (Bruffee, 1993). Learning occurs through active engagement among peers, wherein the main characteristics of collaborative learning are: a common task or activity; small group learning, co-operative behaviour; interdependence; and individual responsibility and accountability (Lejeune, 2003).
The authors state that when students do group work the problem is that we’re not sure where one student’s influence ends and another’s begin. It is rare when collaborative projects provide opportunity to determine individual learning regarding specific learner outcome. We must assess students outside the group project to see what each one takes away from the experience. The authors state that unless we’re teaching a class on group projects, group work is only the means to an end, not the actual curriculum. For grades to be accurate and useful, they must speak only to the posted curriculum (Wormeli, 2011). Given the importance of collaboration skills in 21st century classrooms, a reasonable approach to assessing group projects is to give each member of the group a job. A teacher needs to carefully monitor the students and create a detailed checklist to make sure that everyone in the group is doing their job. This way you know where the one student’s influence ends and another’s begin. The teacher also needs to pull students outside the group question them on concepts to check their understanding along the way.