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Literature review on market penetration
Market penetration strategy
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Industry: Portable power industry in the US
The acquisition of Duracell was seen as many as a smart move. Analyst, shareholders, executives, had high expectations with this merger. Unfortunately, this acquisition created several problems for Gillette since their main goal of profit maximization was not being accomplished.
Main issues:
• Should Gillette divest Duracell?
• Is Gillette using the appropriate strategies to deal with the big and small competitors?
• Stock prices are decreasing considerably
External Analysis
Industry Structure
• Dry cell batteries industry generated US$ 2.6 Billion in US domestic sales in 2000.
• 75% of all alkaline battery sales were impulsive purchasing.
• AA size batteries accounted for almost 50% of all sales.
• The industry was highly competitive, and the three big players were constantly developing new products.
• There were three main distribution channels for batteries: discounters, 52.5% of sales; drug stores, 23.8% of sales; and supermarkets, and 23.7% of sales.
Industry trends
• Alkaline batteries were the preferred by American consumers.
• Due to high percentage of impulsive purchasing, manufacturers have to make sure to provide the effective displays for the batteries. Great amount of sales is dependent on the retailers’ effective display.
• Retailers are creating their own private brands (manufactured by the same big players)
Sociocultural segment
• In the US, where time is money, people are always in the rush. This probably explains why the high percentage of battery sales is impulsive purchasing. In addition, the American culture is highly receptive to technological innovations, so more efficient batteries are going to be needed.
Economic Seg...
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..., since the company would be more price competitive and it already has a well established brand name, it would be more difficult to gain market share for these small competitors that are emerging, i.e. private brands, Sony, Kodak, Panasonic, etc.
Appendix
1. Ratios
Financial Ratios 2000 1999 1998 1997
GP MARGIN (%) 63,59 62,95 61,97
Operating Margin (%) 16,27 22,80 19,30
ROS (%) 4,22 13,76 11,75
ROA (%) 3,77 10,69 9,08
ROE (%) 20,37 41,18 23,79
PRICE/EARNINGS RATIO 94,59 35,09 44,27
CURRENT RATIO 0,86 1,39 1,56 1,78
DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO 4,41 2,85 1,62 1,24
2. Debt to equity analysis
Year Total liabilities Total stockholders equity Debt to Equity ratio
1997 6,023 4,841 1.244164429
1998 7,359 4,543 1.619854722
1999 8,726 3,060 2.851633987
2000 8,478 1,924 4.406444906
• The franchise was new and not yet proven in the industry or the potential market
Duracell is a company that has been around for many years. It is a company that produces different types of batteries that help power different types of electronics and machinery. Some examples of the product Duracell batteries power are cameras, watches, and hearing aids. Its sole purpose, according to the company, is to produce batteries that have “great longevity.” Over the years, Duracell has had many types of advertising commercials advocating their products; they focus on the reliability of Duracell batteries. Recently, Duracell launched a commercial by the name “Teddy Bear.” It is a very emotional story based on a true story. When watching Duracell’s commercial, the audience can see that in the United States culture, families use many
The threat of new entrants into the industry can be a big, due to the greater number of competitors with equal or the same products and service can sway the power of the industry. New entrants are attracted by the profitability
Lithium-ion batteries became available in the 1990s, offering higher energy densities. This technology won out nickel-hydride.
A consumer’s perception has everything to do with how the content of a website influences them. There are a multitude of factors that play into the consumer’s perception. A website appeals to the visual perception (and sometimes the audible perception of the viewer). Being that a consumer is sensory impaired, or not able to utilize all senses, for impact in most media type advertising it is imperative for the company to ensure they are capitalizing on the senses they can reach. Knowing this a successful strategy is to use rich media to attract the viewer. Both Energizer and Duracell attempt this in the homepage of their site. Energizer uses a more subtle approach with the trademark spinning bunny at the top center of the page, while Duracell uses a busier approach by including rotating slides much like a newsreel. While a consumer may be able to grab the slide they want by subconsciously using perceptual vigilance, I personally feel that my perceptual defense walls were completely up from the overload of unnecessary content on a page with such a seemingly simple topic.
When analyzing the Apple industry on of the main tools that was used was the five forces analysis. The first force looked at was the barrier to entry, in which capital, brand loyalty and economies of scale were the main components. In an industry where technology plays such a major role capital is a must in order to stay innovative and ahead of the competition in the research and development department. Capital is also needed because there are so many major names in the music player industry already that a major advertising campaign as well as some type of niche in the market to set you apart would be needed. When it comes to brand loyalty, companies like Apple, Dell, Creative Labs, iRiver, RCA and SanDisk already play a major role by producing music players that are reliable and cost efficient depending on the technology that you are looking for in a music player. Economies of scale would play a major role in deciding whether or not to enter the music player market because Apple controls 60 percent of the music player market in which only 11 percent of the population owns a player. This would make one believe that since Apple owns such a major percentage of the market that they have sold enough of their products that economies of scale doesn't really pertain to them. In order for you to get to the point where you can sell your product at low enough prices to compete you would have to sale a large amount and with only 40 percent of the market open to smaller less technological companies this would be a difficult task.
Rivalry: competition is important when; there is pricing war that the company must keep up with and high fixed costs...
In the world today there are hundreds of battery brands and many of them claim to be the best. The question is, is the consumer paying for the named brands worth the extra money. There are two main battery types the alkaline battery and the lithium battery. The alkaline battery is used for everyday uses such as your remote or the new toy you bought your child. The lithium battery is a lighter longer lasting battery used mostly for cameras and high energy using products. In this experiment the alkaline battery is going to be tested. According to two Consumer Reports, Duracell has the best alkaline battery and almost outperforms the energizer lithium batteries. This led the hypothesis for the experiment to say that Duracell will outperform
Batteries are such common things. We require batteries in the day to day life and it is an inevitable part of our daily life. Innumerable devices run on batteries such as clocks, mobile phones, cars, flashlight, etc. Batteries have the potential to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. However, do you know redox reaction powers a battery? Electron transfer reactions take place inside a cell which is the basic principle by which a batter/cell is made.
According to Jim Wilkinson (2013), threat of new entrants refers to the threat of new competitors pose to existing competitors in an industry. For Panasonic, the threat of entry of new competitors into the technology industry is high due to the large scale of economies, such as Samsung, LG and Sony which have strong brand awareness over the years. This results in high entry barriers as large capital is required to purchase necessary equipment for setting up their company. Moreover, the creation of a brand identity that differentiates a product or service from the competition and encourages loyalty can help to create a barrier of others (The Open University 2007). Therefore, it is hard for the new competitors to enter into the technology industry.
Part of the challenge facing Battery energy storage development is the apparent immaturity of both the market and the technology. Most BES systems are still in the prototype or testing phase and there are very few orders and funding to encourage more research and development. The lack of adequate fund places Battery energy storage system a bit on the expensive. Another, challenge is that only very few government and institutions around the world have prioritised the integration of BESS into their energy future as it is.
There are factors that represent as a challenge to have high performance Li-Air Battery as shown above. The following will discuss the primary limiting factors of lithium-oxygen battery.
negative image of a branded manufacturer, then the brand might be transformed into a liability from an asset in addition to tainting the company in the eyes of consumers.
Numerous and equally balanced competitors – As there are already large numbers of competitors in this industry, rivalry for better quality at a cheaper price is quite high.
The main weakness they have is that due to diversified product range, they face possible brand confusion. They also bear losses or sometimes profit due to free