Gastroenteritis Essay

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The Cruise lines from all over the world have been hit hard with outbreaks of the “Stomach Flu.” This concerning illness is known as gastroenteritis and it can be caused by a handful of different bacteria and viruses. However, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the “norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States.”(cite cdc overview). Cruise lines have taken large measures to prevent and contain the spread of the norovirus but the latest cruise ship, Royal Caribbean, has been greatly impacted by the norovirus with over 600 passengers infected.
Discussion
Gastroenteritis can be caused by a number of different microorganisms and viruses. Viruses that are capable of causing such symptoms include the rotavirus, norovirus, and the adenovirus. But according to the CDC, “50% of all food borne outbreaks of gastroenteritis are caused by the norovirus (cite book).” The norovirus differs from other gastroenteritis viruses. This virus comes from the family Calicivirdae. The viral genome of the norovirus is made up of single stranded RNA. The capsid, which protects the virus genetic material, is formed in a spherical shape called icosahedral. Some viruses contain envelops made up of host derived bilipid layer. But the norovirus lacks this outer component which makes them part of viruses classified as unenveloped or naked viruses. The norovirus is a strong virus that is capable of enduring harsh environments and withstanding changes in ph and heat. According to ABC’s chief correspondent, Dr. Richard Besser, “The virus cannot be killed by alcohol sanitizer.” This can be very problematic when it comes to trying to contain the virus. The route of transmission is either direct o...

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...oyal Caribbean claims that passengers are screened for visible signs of illness before boarding. However, that is can be an issue since some people may be carriers and be asymptomatic.

Conclusion
Gastroenteritis is an unpleasant disease. It can be caused by a number of different bacteria and viruses. The norovirus is usually the culprit for the majority of cases in the United States. The cruise line industry has been substantiality hindered by outbreaks of the norovirus. The most recent case was the infectious outbreak on the Royal Caribbean. Many people have questioned the sanitation practices of the cruise lines and possibly blaming them for the outbreak. But the norovirus is an easily spreadable and can be done without even having the slightest symptom. Places that are in close quarters, such as cruise lines, can be the most vulnerable places for an outbreak.

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