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INTRODUCTION
The origins of the cruise industry can be traced to 1818 when Black Ball Line began shuttling its customers between America and Europe, taking note of the comfort of its passengers. (Boyd, n.d.) The introduction of air transportation as a more economic transport alternative forced ocean liners, which ferried people to destinations in comfort, to innovate into a new product for survival. (Boyd, n.d.)
Ocean liners eventually came to a gradual end with improved air transportation and they had evolved to modern cruise ships (Rodrigue & Notteboom, n.d.) that carried themselves as the destination, instead of a transportation alternative. (Royal Caribbean International, 2013)
According to Cruise Market Watch (n.d.) the revenue generated by cruise tourism is estimated at US$36.2 billion with about 20.9 million passengers carried for 2013. This shows that the cruise industry is undoubtedly a profitable industry with a pool of like-minded tourists, where cruise companies are the one-stop shop offering a comprehensive package for a vacation.
DEFINITION/CHARACTERISTIC
Cruise Tourism is niche tourism and it forms a small part of the global tourism industry, according to Dowling (2006). A cruise refers to travelling by sea to undergo a vacation not for transportation reasons or cargo handling. (Mancini, 2004) A vacation taken up through cruising would allow tourists to relax, enjoy the floating paradise of restaurants, casino, swimming pool, indoor gym and other installations on the cruise ship. The cruise ship in this case, would be the destination of the vacation, as tourist would spend all of their time on board, except instances when the ship reaches port and optional activities can be taken up at the port.
Although cruises tra...
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...om http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2013/02/27/titanic-ii-cruise-ship-lifeboats-blue-star-line_n_2771356.html
Klein, R., A. (2001). Death by Chocolate: what you must know before taking a cruise. St John’s, Canada: Breakwater Books.
Newman, A. (2013, August 1). Big cruise lines post onboard crime data. CBS News. Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/news/big-cruise-lines-post-onboard-crime-data/
Klein, R., A. (2008). Paradise Lost at Sea: Rethinking Cruise Vacation. Manitoba, Canada: Fernwood
Brown, G. S. (2013, March 8). Royal Caribbean Cruisers Ill With Apparent Norovirus. ABC News. Retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/Travel/royal-caribbean-passengers-sick-apparent-norovirus/story?id=18687875
Klein, R., A. (2002). Cruise Ship Blues. British Columbia, Canada: New Society
Marine Bio (n.d.). Ocean Pollution. Retrieved from http://marinebio.org/oceans/ocean-dumping.asp
In modern time, traveling by boat is very much easy, and most people prefer it now for vacations and long trips through the sea.What most of us would recognize and identify this as a cruz. Though we have evolved, traveling by boat wasn't always so pleasant for many in the past. In the early 10th century when the European’s started traveling to the America, it was a struggle to travel by boat. It was hard to survive the voyage over seas for a several reasons according to Gottlieb Mittelberger.
With the invention of the compass and an understanding of winds from monsoons, port cities emerged along the coast of the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea (Concise Atlas of World History 52-53). Ships could hold more cargo than that of donkeys and camels. The cost of goods decreased with the availability of more space on ships. The cost also decreased with the ability to travel directly to the destination instead of goods transferring from person to person. Goods could then travel to the market quicker and more efficiently to where items could be sold for less (Strayer 324-334).
2nd ed. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2007. Print. Boynton, Sandra. Chocolate, the consuming passion.
The Cruise lines from all over the world have been hit hard with outbreaks of the “Stomach Flu.” This concerning illness is known as gastroenteritis and it can be caused by a handful of different bacteria and viruses. However, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the “norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in the United States.”(cite cdc overview). Cruise lines have taken large measures to prevent and contain the spread of the norovirus but the latest cruise ship, Royal Caribbean, has been greatly impacted by the norovirus with over 600 passengers infected.
The company’s current strategy is to attract more repeat cruisers and new cruisers of different segments by offering different types of packages. Such differences include choice of shorter or longer cruises, a low to moderate price for affordable cruises for middle class, and longer luxury cruises for affluent classes. As part of the company’s plan, Carnival is "going global" through a joint venture with Hyundai Merchant Marine to the Asia market.
Without boats and ships, the Age of Exploration would not have occurred, and
The cruise industry is under a bit of a makeover. Due to economic conditions and shifting demand, the cruise line industry is looking for new ways to attract cruise vacationers while maintaining the market that already exists. There are numerous ways to go about this. Royal Caribbean is being creative in its methods. Generally, Key West is one of the most frequented ports of call. However, as Phillips (2005) states The Sentry is canceling 26 port calls next year, and the Rhapsody of the Seas normally goes every week while next year it will only go every other week. RCL has had the same schedule for a long time and now they want to try other things. This is a sign of things to come. Royal Caribbean can no longer rely on old methodology to be successful. Where are these ships going to go if they are not going to Key West?
...le, including connection. Now, as long as you had the money it was possible to travel to basically any part of the world within a reasonable amount of time, where as before sailing there could take over a month. Nothing else could compare to the speed of a plane, which only increased as the decade went on. Another positive effect of air travel becoming more popular was the start of the credit card industry. In 1936, American Airlines created an Air Travel plan, with which if you put down a $425 deposit, an Air Travel card allowed a “buy now, pay later” system which also gave travellers a 15% discount (Flight). The many improvements that occurred rapidly greatly influenced the future of aviation, as it is now rare to find someone who has never been on a plane. These improvements have made connections to the rest of the world easier, making the world even more united.
For the introduction, brief information regarding my purchase and the travel and tourism industry is presented. It was then followed by the explanation of the 2 chosen theories from two different chapters.
From the dawn of time, man has followed his urge to travel; sometimes neglecting the enjoyment of the journey in pursuit of the destination. Although two of the favorable means of passenger transportation - the plane and the train - accomplish the task of arriving at a destination, there are distinct differences in their capacity for comfort, time, scenic value, and safety.
There is not really a universally accepted definition of tourism. In 1994 the World Tourism Organization (WTO) revised its definition. It says the tourism comprises of 'the activities of persons travelli...
In 2013-14 Tauranga had 83 voyage calls, 25 vessels entering with 83 port days in total. They also had 100 unique passengers and 149,000 passenger port days. Tauranga has established itself as a go-to destination for cruise passengers, with its natural beauty and friendly locals it is not hard to see why. Over the years, Tauranga’s cruise tourism has changed from the 2013-14 statistics, the amount of voyage calls this year has gone down but the amount of unique passengers has gone up to 160,100.
arduous travel by land and sea. It was no unexpected that they never return. Travel during those days was filled with danger. Today we take travelling far distances for granted. The risks are negligible. People are more concerned about whether they travel first-class or economy.
Is tourism an industry and if not, what is it and how can it be defined? To answer these questions we need to find the definition of industry first. An industry is a group of firms producing products and/or services that are close substitutes for each other(……). To be considered as an industry, it must meet three factors -- individual businesses, revenues of those businesses, and a common product. Now let’s see what tourism is. However, there is no single definition, that is to say no agreement on what tourism should be. There are some reasons: tourism includes a number of diverse sectors (e.g. transport, accommodation, attractions, other services); tourism includes a number of academic subjects -- some argue that as a subject tourism is conceptually weak; difficult to establish strict boundaries around tourism both as a business and as an area of academic study; weak data sources which make comparisons between countries difficult.
The economy can be clearly identified as the most beneficial aspect of tourism. “According to recent statistics, tourism provides about 10% of the world’s income and employs almost one tenth of the world’s workforce” (Mirbabayev, 2007). In Australia alone, Tourism contributed $87.3 billion in 2012, and employed 908,434 (7.9%) people (Kookana & Duc Pham, 2013). Tourism is “one of the most profitable and rapidly developing industries in the world” (Popushoi, 2004). Every year the number of tourists increase dramatically and consequently the revenues from tourism will increase substantially.