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Goal setting and success
Goal setting and success
Expectancy theory of motivation in relation to compensation
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Motivation and Gamification Reflection 3 Ola Taji 1. Wigfield. Expectancy-Value Theory of Achievement Motivation: A Developmental Perspective In this article, Alan Wigfield talks about the expectancy-value model that was developed by Eccles et.al. The main idea behind the expectancy-value model is it shows that children’s achievements are based on two things expectancy and value. According to Eccles et.al. value has four major components the importance of doing the task (attainment value), the enjoyment one gains when doing the task (intrinsic value), how can the task fit into future plans (utility value), and finally what one has to give up or the amount of effort need to put in in order to reach your achievement (Cost). According to many …show more content…
It showed us as gamers its very fun to fail when we fail during a game it gives us the feeling that there is a second chance where we can do better, failure causes to be excited and interested and most importantly optimistic. The important form of feedback during games is positive failure feedback this kind of feedback is like a reward “it makes us more engaged and more optimistic about our odds of success” (McGonigal, p.67). In the real world, failure causes us to go into depression. According to Nesse, the reason we develop a mild depression after a failure it so we can prevent ourselves from becoming victims to blind optimism (unrealistic goal), instead of during depression we tend to rethink our goals and find realistic ways to achieve …show more content…
Angela Duckworth explained grit as “Grits is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.” Angela makes two important statements about grit. first when we see someone talented in something that does not mean that he has the grit for that talent. If we think of it deeper some talents that people have been more of a hobby that they like to do. The second statement is that in order for to insert or to become “more gritter” we need to take our chances, when we fail we do not stop there instead we stand up and try again but “with lesson
In this article Emily Hanford is taking information from Angela Duckworth’s findings on the research of ‘grit’. Hanford quotes Angela Duckworth definition of ‘grit’ as , “‘sticking with things over the very long term until you master them.’” (qtd. in E. Hanford 1). Hanford also quotes Duckworth’s article to then explain that the, “‘ gritty individual approaches achievement as a marathon; his or her advantage is stamina.’” (qtd. in E. Hanford 1). Hanford is thus explaining that grit is like perseverance; that a person who works hard can achieve as much as a person who has intelligence. By explaining to students that achieving in school is not just intelligence but also grit as well, it can make students realize that if they persevere in their studies they can make achievements just as a person with more
Though he loses some tone and clarity at times, his message still comes across in all points being addressed. Poverty, specialization and mental health are among the most generally overlooked ideas about grit. Grit is often thought to only be positive and can be trained to others to be successful. When a particular task or action is not benefiting one anymore they need to decide what actually is the best for their well-being. Worth over persistence is a concept that needs to be weighed all throughout life and Kohn makes that a clear
One of the main aspects of grit is having to force oneself to keep going. In the movie, The
“Over time, grit is what separates fruitful lives from aimlessness.”-John Ortberg this is a great quote that shows how grit is necessary in being successful in life. Grit is key to getting want you want and achieving dreams.
It is ok for children to lose and for them to learn from it. Merryman says, “It’s teaching them it can take a long time to get good at something and that’s alright” (Merryman). Children learn from failure, it teaches them that it takes time and patience to get good at something. Merryman also says, “It’s through hard work and mistakes that we learn the most. We must focus on process and progress, not results and rewards” (Merryman). It takes hard work to win, Children should focus on getting better, not on rewards. Children need to learn that to win it takes hard work and time, they should focus on improving, not on getting participation trophies.
The general argument made by author Merryman in her work, “Forget Trophies, Let Kids know It’s O.K. to Lose,” is that Kids need to learn to lose. More specifically, Merryman argues that kids need to know that it is O.K. to lose. She writes, “ Kids need to know they don’t have to win every time. It’s O.K. to lose, to make a mistake. (In a study of Gold Medal Olympians, they said a previous loss was key to their championships.).” In this passage, Merryman is suggesting that without learning to lose kids won't learn important life skills. Moreover, she argues that students will learn the most through mistakes. She writes, “Research has found that the best way to improve kids’ self image is to help them develop their abilities. Once they master a skill, they won’t need manufactured praise to tell them they’ve done well. They’ll know it. And they’ll be thrilled. Like the child who just learned to tie her shoes. That sense of accomplishment is worth more than any trophy.” In this passage, Merryman is suggesting that kids need to develop their skills not be rewarded with a trophy they may not deserve. In conclusion, Merryman’s belief is that kids
In the article “Grit” Angela Duckworth defines grit as “perseverance and passion for very long term goals” Pg 2. The quote defines grit as consistently working hard toward your long-term goal. For instance, if we see high school students, most of them are not interested in school. They are just waiting to drop out of school and live a simple life, on the other hand, there are some students who don’t want to drop out of school because they have grit for their long-term goals. In the same way, from the moment the readers are introduced to the First WES Moore, he has an inner sense of goodness which manifests itself in his grit. He strives for his goals with determination and courage from his mother. Unlike him, the other Wes has an inner sense of instability which leads him to constantly make bad decisions repeatedly and manifests his grit as negative and unable to make well-thought decisions. The First Wes had grit toward his long-term goals. In the book the author Wes Moore explains, how the First Wes Moore changed “As I sat in the other end of the line, listening to my mother talk about ‘Sacrifice’….” pg96.the quote explains that, the mother and grandparents made many sacrifices to put him through school, and make him successful with a bright future. He faced many pure pushers in life in military school because of his good up bring and education he always made the right decisions. As an example, one day Wes and Dalio his friend was hanging out and suddenly a car pulled over and punched him in his face. Wes instead of taking revenge, he thought about his mother sacrifice and ignore the
Merryman begins her argument by stating that more harm comes from rewarding children regardless of their success. Merryman contends that our society has integrated a social system that teaches children losing is unacceptable. She refers to a recent study that supports her statement and concludes that children adhere to their parents’ perspectives on failure and success. She asserts that in not giving kids a trophy, they will learn the life lesson to
People have grits because they had something or someone inspires them truly which is the reason why the continue to work on or educate themselves. Angela quoted in her speech that“‘Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the brain and how it changes and grows, in response to challenge, they’re much more likely to persevere when they fail because they don’t believe that failure is a permanent condition" which can connect to Mr. Rose’s article because when Mr. Rose was put in Mr. McFarland’s class in his last year of high school which he got challenge by the subject which he actually tried hard and got good grades that year. People also who question everything like a child which is when you find out something new and you're not happy with what people gives you so you ended up researching about it and educating themselves. Scientists are also like this they spent on months even years on experimenting or doing research one particular topic and after testing the data the result is rejected and so they have to go back to square one even if they had
John William Atkinson’s calculation identifies a student’s tendency of avoiding or engaging in tasks is helpful for teachers. The Expectancy x Value equation discovers the natural desires a student has to succeed (MS in the equation) and avoid failure (MAF in the equation). These are individual aspects of a person’s natural traits and defined as stable. Using the theory’s formula TA (resultant tendency to approach or avoid achievement activity) =(MS x Ps (Perceived probability of success) x ls (Pride for succeeding)-(MAF x Pf (Perceived probability of failing) x lf (shame for failing) we can calculate Pampered Patrick’s
...motivation. However, SCT recognise the importance of social interactions and their influence of motivation. Furthermore, SCT is a social cognitive expectancy x value approach to motivation, reflective of Eccles and Wigfield’s (2001;2002) model of expectancy value theory. Similar to attribution theory, SCT determines that motivation is influenced by the environment and interactions with others and how these influence learners’ attributes and judgements. Conversely, SCT is unique as it determines that motivation and behaviour is influences through observation and cognition, disregarding Blooms (1956) domains of affect and psychomotor. Self-regulation is a recent development in SCT. Like SDT, self-regulation comprises of two categories, with learners being self-regulated or not. According to this theory, underachievement occurs when a learner is (Woolfolk et al. 2013).
Having known that adults are supposed to be self-directed, internally motivated and goal-oriented in the learning process, it is believed that Expectancy-Value Theory proposed by Wigfiled and his colleagues might be fruitful in explaining adults’ learning motivation in this case study.
Most systems are “function-focused” designed to get the job done quickly, however, Human-Focused Design remembers that people in the system have feelings, insecurities, and reasons why they want or do not want to do things, and therefore optimizes for their feelings, motivations, and engagement. Inside the games there are “objectives”, such as killing the dragon or saving the princess, or in Math Games like dreambox to learn/practice Math, but actually the main purpose of a game is to please the human inside, to keep the player happily entertained. Through games, we are learning how to master motivation and engagement. Games have the amazing ability to keep people engaged for a long time, build relationships and trust between people, and develop their creative potential. In a nutshell, gamification is a way to engage people by making something that’s not a game feel like a game.
It should nearly be a given that this phrase rings true, “Participation trophies and classroom rewards should not be given out for every event that children do because it can give them false self-esteem that could hurt them later, create inabilities to handle failure and diversity that could lead to mental-health issues, and give children a sense of entitlement.” Trophies are not benefitting the children as those people will say they are. Too many rewards have given children a false sense of self-esteem which then leads to our children being narcissists and being susceptible to having false confidence, which will almost surely damage them later on in life. Participation trophies are also linked to the mental health issues of anxiety and depression. This presents the problems of increased risk of self harm and nervous breakdowns throughout the entirety of their lives. Participation trophies also give children a sense of entitlement. This may be the most damaging effect of participation trophies that has been studied. The sense of entitlement that is given to these children makes them unwilling to work hard and take pride in what they do, but instead enforce that taking the easy task and not doing your best at it is perfectly fine. While that may be fine in the stage of life they are at now, it will not be fine when it comes time for them to enter the workforce and get a job. Not only will they not be able to work to the best of their abilities, but they will also be more prone to either being fired or turned down from a job. Once this happens on an every child basis then companies will be forced to hire people that do not do the job that they are supposed to. So instead of rewarding children for showing up, society
In academic life, skill and effort are not synonymous; the effort does not guarantee a success, and the ability starts to become more important. This is due to some cognitive ability that allows the student make a mental preparation of the causal implications the management of identities of skill and effort. Such self-perceptions, even though they are complementary, they do not present the same weight for the student; According to the model, perceived how adeptable is the central element. In this sense, in the school context teachers value more effort than the skill. In other words, while a student waiting to be recognized by their ability (which is important for your esteem), the classroom acknowledged their effort. Accordingly, three types