The Gallipoli campaign was a military disaster but it is still one of the most important conflicts in which Australia was involved. On 25th April 1915 British, Australian and New Zealand forces invaded the Gallipoli Peninsula. This was to start the long weeks in which the troops were fighting against the enemy controlled in Turkey. Attempting to gain a supply route to Russia to aid them in repelling the German and Turkish soldiers from their country. I will be assessing the contribution of Australian forces in this theatre of WW1 through the willingness of Australians to volunteer for the war effort and the love and respect they had for their Mother Country, England. I will also discuss the outcomes of the Gallipoli campaign through deaths But turned into a long and savage fight, which the Anzac’s would have to endure for a long time, their world being defined by those two walls of the trench, the continuous sound of gunfire and the unbearable smell of rotting corpses that covered the ground. Conditions were as poor as could be imagined and many men not only lost their lives through bullets and shrapnel, but also from diseases that thrived in the trenches. In addition, Source 2 depicts the duckboard tracks, which were laid in all directions over the area of Gallipoli to make communication with the frontline possible. An Australian inventor created the duckboard, which prevented the ongoing disease of trench foot, through wooden boards, placed along the ground of trenches and war fronts for communication. This contribution helped the Australians carry out there brutal theatre of As a young and newly developed nation, we hadn’t been faced with an opportunity to participate in a world event and show other countries what we were truly capable of. This was Australia’s first opportunity to stand up and prove itself as a nation. It established us as a nation of people with many commendable qualities. Australians became legendary for our mateship, our integrity, our resourcefulness, fairness and our willingness to stand up and fight for our country and freedom. These are the contributions our Australian forces made for our nation in
Hypothesis: The Australian public made a significant contribution to the war efforts from 1939 to 1945, through sacrifices on a personal and national level. The determination of the Australian people in bringing their loved ones home safely, created strong relationships between the community, which in many cases, are still prevalent in Australian society to this day.
... to hold Port Moresby from the Japanese until the AIF assisted. Kokoda lead to the growth of the nation because of the conditions that the Australian troops had to go through was unbearable and amazing how they were still able to defeat the Japanese.
Kokoda was arguably Australia’s most significant campaigns of the Second World War. The track crosses some of the most rugged and most isolated terrain in the world, and is only passable by foot. Being poorly equipped, and having not developed effective jungle warfare tactics, troops had to manoeuvre through the rough terrain. “In these moss forests, where you couldn't see the sun, the roots of the trees are all covered in moss and the track was only root from root. Further along, where it was not quite so high, you would spend three hours climbing up a small pad through the jungle.” (Simonson, 1995) Australia’s involvement through this jungle-enclosed pathway was the last resource Australian troops needed to conquer to defend the mainland from dire threat. Through nightmare conditions like torrential rain, leeches, malaria horrific fighting and more Australia managed to push the Japanese back to where they came from. Despite the relatively small size of our armed forces, Australians fighting in the Kokoda campaign made a significant outcome to world war two.
The soldiers are remembered for maintaining courage and determination under hopeless conditions. The ANZAC legend owes much to wartime correspondents who used the Gallipoli landing to generate a specifically Australian hero. Among the many reports, which reached Australia, were those of Ashmead-Bartlett. His Gallipoli dispatches described Australians as a 'race of athletes ... practical above all', whose cheers, even in death, 'resounded throughout the night'. Ashmead-Bartlett helped in...
Here is a question — how did the ANZAC legend develop? The legend of Anzac was born on 25 April 1915, and was reaffirmed in eight months' fighting on Gallipoli. Although there was no military victory, the Australians displayed great courage, endurance, initiative, discipline, and mate-ship. Such qualities came to be seen as the Anzac spirit. The ANZAC book written and illustrated in Gallipoli by the men of Anzac —- The Anzac book became the finest “trench publication” produced during the Great War, and was an instant bestseller when first released in 1916. Created by soldiers under enemy fire and in extreme hardship, the illustrations, stories, cartoons, and poems were intended as a Christmas and New Year diversion for soldiers facing a harsh winter in the trenches on Gallipoli.
Although Hollywood movies are able to encourage interest into topic areas, which previously would have been less accessed by the average person for example the Gallipoli campaign, it still has its limitations. The main limitations of Weir’s Gallipoli include primarily that it was made for entertainment purposes, and thus cannot be qualified as being an accurate source, due to a strong romanticized nature. Gallipoli does remain correct throughout most of the film, in recounting order of events from the first landing at Gallipoli, the follow up landings and the Battle at the Nek, even to the food eaten on the peninsula including Bully beef and the “Anzac wafer” . However, the film loses this concrete history through bias and perspective. As explored in the above example of the English “Drinking tea” whilst an attack was underway (which was untrue) it illustrates a strong Australian perspective which decreases authenticity. Another aspect of the film is that there are rarely any scenes from the perspective of Turkish army, who they were fighting against. Not only does this very clear “Us vs. Them” distinction enhance the lack of recognition of the Turkish army’s losses (almost 70,000) , but also fails to admit that through the Turkish perspective, Gallipoli was a success. The Turkish army were forced to defend their land under attack and suffered immense loses, yet they were able to defend their nation and thus, celebrate March 18th, 1915 as the victory in the Battle of Çanakkale. This neglected understanding of the Turkish army again diminishes the historic accuracy and usefulness as a source. This neglect of multiple historical views is the second limitation of the film, which are important to identify, as they
Australia (as a counry) felt a loyalty towards the 'mother country', Britaain and that the war would be a good opportunity to improve Ausrtalia's international reputation. Many individual Australians also joined the war for a variety of reasons. Some felt a strong loyalty to Britain who had supported Australia, and now, they felt, was the time for them to 'do their bit'. Others enlsted simply to prove they were brave enough to fight, but some enlisted because their friends had. Some simply enlisted because they needed a job, pay, and regular meals, but many enlisted in the army for an adventure, not knowing the true horrors of war. Private A.J. McSparrow (former railway worker from Parramatta, NSW), was one of the many men whwo enlisted because he felt that it was his duty to support the 'mother country' ..."I have (enlisted) ... and I don't regret it in the very least. I believe that it is every young fellow's duty" and "... we are the sort of men who should go."Private Antill enlisted because he needed the money, clothes and food and also because it was easier work than cabinet making ..."I tell you what I have just joined the Australan army ... it's not bad money here 5/- a day and clothes and food that's nearly as good as cabinet making and not half as hard."Lieutenant D.G. Armstrong (former bank clerk from Kyneton, Victoria), thought that the war would be great opportunity to prove his strength and to show that he was not a coward..."I am going to have a try for the war ... I think I ought to go, they want all they can get and ... I think it's the greatest opportunity for a chap to make a man of himself, those that come back from this war will be men of the right sort that anybody would be proud of.
Although, most of it is accounted by the war itself, the suffering of many Australian veterans had much to do with...
The First World War saw a new form of warfare known as Trench warfare which involved trenches which were deep long dugouts made by the soldiers that lived in these trenches. The trenches proved useful as they protected the soldiers from artillery and bomb fire and were most likely situated in the eastern and western fronts of Europe. However the conditions of the trenches were far from exuberant but were in fact severely terrible. There was bad hygiene throughout the trenches, for example soldiers bathed probably only once a month and as such were prone to diseases such as trenches fever (which were due to the lice attracted by the bad hygiene). The weather was no exception as well, in the summer it would be too hot and in the winter it would be too cold and due to the nature of the trenches, when it rained the trenches would be filled with water, and due to such conditions welcomed the disease known as trench foot which was due to prolonged exposure to water and claimed the foots of many soldiers. There was also the constant danger of bomb fire and snipers would always be on the lookout for any movement. Latrines, which were toilets used in the trenches also sprouted fear as the enemy could see them in this area of the trenches and therefore were in constant danger of death. Soldiers also had to follow a strict code of conduct which was known as trench etiquette which ordered them to respect higher officers and they would have to be punished if the trench etiquette was ignored.
It is well recognised that World War 1 was a traumatic experience for the Australian nation. It claimed 60,000 young lives and another 156,000 men were wounded, gassed, or taken prisoner. But when the trauma abated, it became apparent that Australian society had been changed permanently and positively. Some of the gains realised by Australia as a result of her involvement in WWI included a newfound maturity as a nation, the respect and recognition of other nations, new opportunities for trade and industry, a greater recognition of women’s rights and a massive economic and population boost due to post war immigration programs. This web-site has been created to show you some of the benefits of World War One on Australia.
Good morning members of the Mt Gravatt show society. Did you know that World War Two is known as the most destructive war in history? It killed over 60 million people and had a lot more far-reaching impacts than any other wars. Published in 1988 in Inside Black Australia, an anthology of Aboriginal poetry, “The Black Rat” by a famous author and researcher, Iris Clayton, was a poem inspired by her father, Cecil, who fought in the war. The poem describes the depressing life of an Aboriginal soldier who helped off the German army at Tobruk at the time. The message in the poem is that the Aboriginal soldiers did not receive the benefits that European soldiers received, like farming lands after the war ended. This tells how unjust the European society was in Australia’s history.
Çelik, Gülseren. "The Gallipoli campaign: a Turkish perspective." United Service 64, no. 3 (2013): 25-29. http://www.rusinsw.org.au/Papers/20130430.pdf (accessed December 13, 2013).
John Monash was known as unlikely war hero. He was of Prussian-Jewish heritage, heavily cultured and fussy. He was a middle-aged, overweight citizen-soldier with no active war experience when trouble broke out in 1914. Yet he was the leader Australian soldiers needed both during and after the war.
An eight month battle of the British Empire and France against the Ottoman Empire resulted in the Gallipoli Campaign. This Campaign began in April 1915, the same time World War 1 was taking place. The British and French began a naval campaign to force a passage through a narrow area located in northwestern Turkey, known as Dardanelles, because they wanted to secure a sea route to Russia. This plan failed and the Ottoman Empire was prepared for what was to come. The failure of the Allied naval and land operations were essential factors in the Ottoman victory at Gallipoli.
The idea for the war memorial came about during the Gallipoli campaign but it was not until after the campaign that action was taken. Charles Bean was impacted by the sufferings faced by the soldiers and he didn’t want the unpleasant experiences and sufferings to be forgotten and lost in history. A month after his idea, a memorial museum was constructed for the Australian soldiers. The main idea of this museum was so that the sufferings of people at war and what they did for the country would not be forgotten.