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Shrestha 2 Shrestha 5 Adit Shrestha Professor Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305-73012 05 May 2018 Fake News Fake news relates to the maliciously fabricated information posted on websites or printed in articles with the aim of dissuading people’s opinions or scaring them by the spread of certain crucial information (www.factcheck.org 1). Playing into the populations ‘appetite’ for rapidly changing information, the fake news propagators release ‘juicy’ information through pseudo-cites of valid news websites all dressed as true information. Additionally, fake news feeds into the human’s cognitive biases. Defined as the logical nonconformities to the rational reasoning expected from an independent person, these biases often contribute to our acceptance …show more content…
This is because, whereas most people delve directly into such information before verifying its credibility, the devil often lies in the details at the source as most will use unheard of reporters, quote partial information or unknown resources and often site unknown websites. Therefore, by first verifying the source of the information critically, I would be able to form a reasonable judgment as to whether the news is valid or is a hoax, and thereafter advise the person accordingly (Hunt 4). Finally, I would ask the person to check the dates when the information in question was posted. Due to their unstructured systems which lack editors, numerous fake news articles often post their news with minor errors such as numerous wrong spellings, diction and the wrong dates, all pointing towards their lack of credibility. Therefore, a thorough look at this would enable me to know to verify the credibility of the …show more content…
In their ideal sense, any false information is primarily meant to damage the reputation of an individual, agency or institution or alternatively meant to gather undue advantage against their competitors. To achieve this feat, most institutions employ underhand methods such as smear campaign, negative news among others to raise their relevance within the website. Partisanship, minimal literacy levels among the masses in addition to the increasing numbers of the social media are to contribute to the increasing number of the spread of fake news within the society. This greatly indents the society in that, it affects the democratic space of the society. Recently surfacing aspects such as intrusion of privacy by such media sites as Facebook, among other online digital platforms violates the constitutionally entitled right to privacy. In the same vein, Williams 15 states that excessive influence on news media by politics which has resulted in a polarized country further hampers democracy as it impedes the citizens’ freedom of speech together with the press freedom enjoyed by media outlets, thereby causing enormous suspicion by the
398).It is also stated that news divisions reduced their costs, and raised the entertainment factor of the broadcasts put on air. (p. 400). Secondly, the media determines its sources for stories by putting the best journalists on the case and assign them to areas where news worthy stories just emanates. (p.400). Third, the media decides how to present the news by taking the most controversial or relevant events and compressing them into 30 second sound-bites. (p.402). finally, the authors also explain how the media affects the general public. The authors’ state “The effect of one news story on public opinion may be trivial but the cumulative effect of dozens of news stories may be important. This shows a direct correlation between public opinions and what the media may find “relevant”. (Edwards, Wattenberg, Lineberry, 2015, p.
Although, in recent years it is seen that consumers are less likely to subscribe to newspapers and/or watch the daily news. This is due to the fact that they are typically bias in their opinions, and are seen to lack the whole story when presented. Rise in polarization in the media is due to a new found competition between news networks, which was not present sixty years ago. Wilson says, “the news we get is not only more omnipresent, it is also more competitive and hence often more adversarial”. The media outlets are fighting for views, and are willing to do whatever it takes to get them. Which leads to them configuring the stories to what people want to here. Thus making their viewer ratings higher. It is known that certain news stations get more views depending on the political party. “Those who watch CNN are more likely to be Democrats than Republicans; the reverse is emphatically true of Fox”. The media has more outlets to reach their viewers to maximize the effectiveness of their biased
According to James Madison, “nothing could be more irrational than to give the people power and to withhold from them information, without which power is abused,” suggesting that the people have the right to learn popular information and learn both sides of an issue (Paul and Elder 2). However, in modern society, the media often do not present both sides of an issue and are inclined to often mask information for their personal benefits. Therefore, the people often learn and understand only one aspect of an issue and inevitably lean towards the bias present in that news account. Indubitably, the coverage in the mainstream news media influences the majority through its bias and propaganda, especially its partisan audience, which only appreciates one side of the news story. Thus, even though news networks may claim that their news programs and publications are completely factual and credible, their coverage of news events is politically, commercially, and racially biased.
The news media rejects the fact that they are biased. They claim that they are the “middle of the road,” and are neutral on the stories that they cover. Publishers also claim that they are the watchdog for the political system, and they make sure that the system is free of any corruption, or wrongdoing. Th...
”All newspapers had small circulations and most were financed by political groups as a means to express particular opinions and criticize their opponents”(Braunwarth Chp10.2.1). While modern day the availability of news is limitless, having un biased and accurate information is limited. “In the early twentieth century many newspapers….The so-called “muckrakers” dug up stories about government corruption, which was at an all-time high in the United States. In their zeal to expose, newspapers often published stories based on faulty information”(Braunwarth Chp10.2.5). False news accompanied by slander is still a problem in modern times and the control is in the hands of political parties. The control over the media and current utilization causes harm to a democratic country, the citizens are shown false information not to educate them but rather, persuade them to vote in favor of the medias benefactor by only showing points they want observed. “the media do not so much influence what people think as what they think about.” By gatekeeping and framing, the media help determine which policies the public thinks are important” (Braunwarth Chp10.7.3). The public has an option on where they become educated to vote but many of those resources are all owned by four
Statement of Intention (160 WORDS) This essay will try to expose the media bias seen between the liberal and conservative side during the United States 2016 Elections, as well as show how language and diction is used to create a tone in an article that is used to portray an image of the two candidates to the readers. I will then analyze how the subtle use of language and diction in articles affected the campaign. The information featured on this essay was found through searching the internet as well as through comparing sources from known right and left news outlets in order to find the same information on both. In order to properly conduct this essay, I had to understand the issue with media bias as a whole by comparing how the different media
There for we say yes, media can have a sizeable political impact, especially when a politician controls a substantial share of the media. Media is therefore bad for democracy. Stated throughout this paper is the level of bias that is displayed in the media. This level of bias sways the public far right or far left. Their decisions are based on a political point of view.
In this paper I will be discussing implicit bias and the real-life consequences such attitudes may have. I will begin clarifying the notion of implicit bias, before presenting two cases that have recently attracted the attention of the press and provide fairly good examples of the extent to which the presence of such biases in our society can affect and interfere with people’s lives. When presenting these cases I will also introduce issues of philosophical concern such as the influence that the language one speaks seems to have on the strength of mental schemas, and the blameworthiness of individuals who harbour implicit biases. What is an implicit bias? Generally speaking, a bias is an inclination to assess members of a certain social group in a prejudicial fashion.
Social media is a revolutionary way to connect to friends and family through a single app much like Facebook. Also allowing the public to be more informed on current events whether that would be an issue in today 's society all the way to a heartwarming story or a funny video. Although this sounds amazing and the fact that this type of news outlet is practically new. An issue arises that involves “fake news” and with that comes many opinions on what to do about it. I believe that people browsing these platforms should have a little bit of skepticism behind each story and if it the topic truly intrigues someone then they should look into the topic on a reliable resource before passing on the authors misinformation.
"Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one." This quote by A.J. Liebling illustrates the reality of where the media stands in today's society. Over the past twenty years there has been an increase in power throughout the media with regard to politics. The media's original purpose was to inform the public of the relevant events that occurred around the world. The job of the media is to search out the truth and relay that news to the people. The media has the power to inform the people but often times the stories given to the public are distorted for one reason or another. Using slant and sensationalism, the media has begun to shape our views in society and the process by which we choose our leaders. There was once a time when the government used the media as a medium to influence voters, committees, communities etc. Recently, it has been the presidents of major media outlets that have not only exercised power over the public but also made their presences felt in government and in the halls of congress. When the word democracy is thrown about it usually has to do with the rights or original intentions for a group or organization. The first group intended to be influenced by the media was the informed voter. Political parties along with the government used a variety of media resources to persuade the voter or in effect receive a vote for their cause. Returning to the thought of ?democracy? the question is, what was the original intention of the media with relation to the theme of democracy and the informed voter? To analyze this thought thoroughly one must first grasp an understanding of the basic definition of democracy.
During the 2016 election, the use of intelligent Twitter bots, targeted advertising, and search engine manipulation affected what Internet users saw on specific platforms and search engines. Links to websites masquerading as reputable sources started appearing on social media sites like Facebook. Stories about the Pope endorsing Donald Trump’s candidacy and Hillary Clinton being indicted for crimes related to her email scandal were shared widely despite being completely made up. “Filter bubbles” and algorithms have been blamed for failing to separate real news from fiction, and researchers have noted an escalation in bias, propaganda, and misinformation online. Together, these factors contribute to increased polarization and hamper the free flow of accurate information that is essential for civil discourse, policy making, and ultimately democracy. A survey conducted by the Pew Research Center towards the end of last year found that 64% of American adults said made-up news stories were causing confusion about the basic facts of current issues and events. Without a common starting point – a set of facts that people with otherwise different viewpoints can agree on – it will be hard to address any of the problems that the world now faces. Kevin Kelly, co-founder Wired magazine stated the challenge succinctly, “[T]truth is no longer dictated by
There is a huge growth of Infotainment and narrowcasting in the news media. The way media outlets are presenting information to the public is influencing and affecting the public's view of politics in the U.S. Infotainment and Narrowcasting has been a trend that the news outlets are using more frequently. Our news resources that relay information is supposed to be a trustworthy watchdog for citizens. It's a platform to help the people become inform and educate on what is going on in our nation. Some would say America’s Media has transformed into a powerful influential source that has negative effects on our political culture.
A cognitive bias is a systematic error in mental processing that occurs when we attempt to simplify information and take cognitive shortcuts which can influence our behaviour. As cognitive misers, we often use cognitive shortcuts, or heuristics, to explain the environment around us. Social psychology is the study of the social causes of and influences on behaviour. In this essay the effects of cognitive biases on our decision-making processes in the domain of self-concept and the domain of stereotypes and prejudice in social psychology will be discussed.
The introduction of the internet to modern society has brought about a new age of information relation. Since there is no longer a need to wait until the next print day, news from all over the world is available at a person’s fingertips within hours or even minutes of the event. With this advent of such easily accessible information, new problems for the news media have also arisen. Aside from potentially losing good economic standing because newspapers are no longer being purchased in the quantities they used to be, the credibility of the information itself is also put into question. No one would argue that credibility of news sources is unimportant, but there is a discrepancy in what takes precedence; economy and speed or getting the information out correctly at the first publishing by taking the time to make sure all facts are checked. The importance of having a system of checks on all information submitted is paramount. People trust what they read and believe it to be so without always questioning. If all information were to not be checked thoroughly, there would be instances where people read an article only for information included to be wrong and they go on believing such information. This can be very dangerous as misinformed people make misinformed decisions. With an increase in errors being made by citizen bloggers and even major publications, many are worried that journalistic ethics and credibility in the news media are being sacrificed in order to maintain swiftness in the news circuit and to retain personal profits. Though getting information to the masses quickly is a major part of the media’s importance, this should not mean that the credibility of that information being presented should be sacrificed for it...
As Americans we take pride in our liberating government. But, it is essential to ask how much we, the general public, know about our democracy. Because of the representative structure of our government, it is in our best interest to remain as knowledgeable as possible about political affairs so that we can play an active role in our democracy by voting for candidates and issues. The media, which includes print, television, and the internet, is our primary link to political events and issues. (For the purposes of this essay only print and television will be considered.) Therefore, in order to assess the success of our democracy it is necessary to assess the soundness of our media. We are lucky enough to have a media, in theory, free from government influences because of our rights to freedom of press and freedom of speech, but we are still subject to the media’s interpretation and presentation of politics, as is the danger when depending on any source for information. So, we must address how the media informs us; how successful it is at doing so; and how we should respond to it.