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Does media affect public opinion
The main charecteristics of us federalism
The main charecteristics of us federalism
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The united states is a democratic nation that chose to be governed by those who reside on its soil rather than royalty across the ocean in 1776. The framework for how the country would be ran was established in the constitution which was created without the use of democracy since none of the founders were elected. “The “committee of five” included Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson who were all firmly in the revolutionary camp. The committee also included Roger Sherman, who had some doubts but still backed the independence movement and Robert R. Livingston” (Braunwarth Chp2.4.2). These revolutionaries created the set of rules that they thought would lead to a democracy which poses the question; Can a country that states that …show more content…
it is democratic be so with hypocrisy in its foundation? The intent of the constitution was to establish a right for the people and allow them protection from what had been seen before with monarchs and oppressive ruling.
“ Jefferson wrote of certain self-evident truths: “that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” (Braunwarth Chp2.4.3). These fundamentals would then lead into allowing the public which at the time was limited to white male property owners, to have a say in the government leaving out all those that did not meet the criteria. ” The federalists maintained that inequalities are inevitable. Some will be cleverer, some will work harder, individual experiences will differ, and, consequently, wealth and power will come to be distributed unequally. It is, therefore, natural that an elite class will develop to which the masses will defer” (Braunwarth Chp2.10.5). Allowing only a certain part of the population to vote did not create a true democratic country but instead allowed the elite to have democracy while the remainder had to follow by their decisions, until later amendments would allow all Americans to vote. These decisions of what the populace can and cannot do would be further stated under the title of civil …show more content…
liberties. “Civil liberties are the freedoms individuals have which are protected from government interference by constitutional provisions, laws, and practices” (Braunwarth Chp3.2.2). The rights that all Americans have is one that in modern day continues to be debated on based off individual interpretations of the amendments. The foundational rights of the free American was established in a time where technology and thinking was different from modern day, and with some attempts are being made to limit or dissolve. “The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution reads: “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.” (Braunwarth Chp3.6.1). This right for instance is controversial topic in modern politics; while votes have been held to limit the potential, higher government authorities have un-democratically utilized their positions to create bans without having the populace vote. Many laws pertaining to firearms are put in place not by the people voting, rather higher level politicians that have been voted in to office deciding what is constitutional or not. Another controversial area under democratic decisions would be the Military-Industrial Complex. “President Eisenhower warned that “In the councils of government, we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex” (Braunwarth Chp14.11.1). America having the largest military spending budget compared to other countries shows a sense of power and implements intimidation into foreign affairs. This budget that is created has no input from the general public but continues to grow utilizing the taxes that many would rather see utilized in other areas. The spending has been continuously been growing since the 1930s and has accelerated more since the events on 9/11, this connection between politicians and industry has resulted in both gaining more revenue and a continuation in the accent of the budget without being able to be voted on by the citizens. Partnerships between military industry and politicians is not the only deals that are made, control of the media is another area they control. Politicians have been utilizing the media to inform the reader to news that would benefit them since the revolution.
”All newspapers had small circulations and most were financed by political groups as a means to express particular opinions and criticize their opponents”(Braunwarth Chp10.2.1). While modern day the availability of news is limitless, having un biased and accurate information is limited. “In the early twentieth century many newspapers….The so-called “muckrakers” dug up stories about government corruption, which was at an all-time high in the United States. In their zeal to expose, newspapers often published stories based on faulty information”(Braunwarth Chp10.2.5). False news accompanied by slander is still a problem in modern times and the control is in the hands of political parties. The control over the media and current utilization causes harm to a democratic country, the citizens are shown false information not to educate them but rather, persuade them to vote in favor of the medias benefactor by only showing points they want observed. “the media do not so much influence what people think as what they think about.” By gatekeeping and framing, the media help determine which policies the public thinks are important” (Braunwarth Chp10.7.3). The public has an option on where they become educated to vote but many of those resources are all owned by four
companies. How democratic is the United States? Compared to most countries the United States is a great democracy. The country that was founded with great ideals to be democratic through a non-democratic structure has prevailed through out the world. Even though compared to the rest of the world the United States is highly democratic, the interior has many flaws within the system that are preventing a true democracy that if not fixed could result in a change of governing.
398).It is also stated that news divisions reduced their costs, and raised the entertainment factor of the broadcasts put on air. (p. 400). Secondly, the media determines its sources for stories by putting the best journalists on the case and assign them to areas where news worthy stories just emanates. (p.400). Third, the media decides how to present the news by taking the most controversial or relevant events and compressing them into 30 second sound-bites. (p.402). finally, the authors also explain how the media affects the general public. The authors’ state “The effect of one news story on public opinion may be trivial but the cumulative effect of dozens of news stories may be important. This shows a direct correlation between public opinions and what the media may find “relevant”. (Edwards, Wattenberg, Lineberry, 2015, p.
Through manipulation and lies, media manages to modify objective news into biased news in order to convince the public of what the media wants them to believe. The article, “How the Media Twist the News”, by Sheila Gribben Liaugminas discusses the major influence that news has on readers based on their choice of stories and words. “How the Media Twists the News” has borrowed from multiple other texts such as the books like Public Opinion and Liberty and News, news magazine writers such as Ruderman, and news networks like CBS through Bias, A CBS Insider Exposes How the Media Distort the News and CNN to make her arguments valid and prove that the news is biased and that it does influence readers significantly because of it.
Upon the opening words of the Constitution, "We the People do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America," one must ask, who are these people? While the American Constitution provided its citizens with individual rights, many members were excluded. Elite framers manipulated the idea of a constitution in order to protect their economic interests and the interests of their fellow white land and slave owning men' by restricting the voices of women, slaves, indentured servants and others. Therefore, the Constitution cannot truly be considered a "democratic document." However, because it is a live document, malleable and controllably changeable according to the interest of congress, it has enabled us to make reforms overtime. Such reforms that have greatly impacted America, making us the free, independent nation that we are today.
After many years of British bombardment, constant wars, and cons in America's government, America finally is the independent country it is today. Although, America was not always free and independent. During the 1600's through the 1800's, America was merely striving for a democracy in which a democracy meant that the people had a voice and were entitled to equal rights. In the 1600's, the mother country Britain took control of America. Britain angered the colonists with silly taxes that the colonists did not want to pay for much like the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, the Townshend Acts, and the Tea Act. The British caused many wars and conflicts and angered many but by the 1700's, one wise man by the name of Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration
In theory, the United States became a democracy when we signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776. This theory is not true. The textbook defines a democracy as a system of government in which ultimate political authority is vested in the people, of course you know that this is just not so. Our system of representation, often times, fails us. Quite often, the people who represent us in our state, local, and federal governments make decisions without much regard for the desires of the American citizenry.
Citizens are a vital part in any government; some more than others. There is a great contrast between the roles citizens play in a democratic government rather than a government under absolute control. Emerging in the 16th century, absolute monarchy is a form of government in which the ruling monarch has absolute control without limitations. In this form of government, the monarch is the head of state and head of government with unrestricted political power. On the contrary, a democracy is a form of government in which citizens elect leaders to represent them through voting. On the surface, there is a lot of differences: having a say in government versus not having a say, all for one versus one for all, and fixed terms versus a lifetime of
In chapter one, section four, it talks about the meaning of a democracy, and its principles. A democracy is a “governing system in which the people govern themselves; from the Greek term meaning ‘rule by the many’…A meaningful definition of a democracy must include the following democratic principles: [1] recognition of the dignity of very individual; [2] equal protection under the law for every individual; [3] opportunity for everyone to participate in public decisions; and [4] decision making by majority rule, with one person having one vote” (Dye and Gaddie, p. 10-20). With these principles, the American people are able to be free to live their lives with minimum government interference; there is not [supposed to be] discrimination based on the many different backgrounds and nationalities throughout the United States; the American people make their own decisions, and every individual in the United States gets to vote, if
There for we say yes, media can have a sizeable political impact, especially when a politician controls a substantial share of the media. Media is therefore bad for democracy. Stated throughout this paper is the level of bias that is displayed in the media. This level of bias sways the public far right or far left. Their decisions are based on a political point of view.
Let’s start from the antebellum period. As we have learned in class, from 1820 (Missouri Compromise) until April 1865 (peace), US goes from crisis to crisis, and in 1850s, political system disintegrates. At the same time, newspapers started developing and they were the mass media –widely read, instantaneous reporting – capable of amplifying political debates of unprecedented complexity: they carried restlessness, anxieties and hopefulness of the public; it reported the economics and morality of slavery, various proposals for conciliation and compromises, and the meaning of the constitution. Just like Walt Lippmann once said “In an exact sense the present crisis of western democracy is a crisis in journalism.”
Journalism shapes democracy - with newspapers playing a crucial role in. In the 19th century, Britain’s newspapers were a luxury only the wealthy could afford and have access to. The United States thought differently, they believed “a free press, making information as widely available as possible, was regarded as a important pillar of the new democracy- so much so that it was enshrined in the Bill of Rights.” (172) President Jefferson believing a free press did more good than harm, “The attempts to curtail a press freedom in the 1790s and 1800s actually strengthened it, establishing the right to criticize the administration and supporting vigorous and lively political debates.” (172) This started to shape the newspaper industry. The Sun
... small media reforms (like public journalism) will be enough to reduce the commercial and corporate imperatives driving our existing media systems (Hackett and Zhao, 1998, p. 235). Instead, a fundamental reform of the entire system is needed, together with a wider institutional reform of the very structures the media systems work within, our democracies. This will be a difficult task, due to powerful vested interests benefiting from the status quo, including media, political and economic elites. Reforms will need to be driven by campaigns mobilising public support across the political spectrum, to enable the citizens of the world to have a media system that works to strengthen democratic principles as opposed to undermining them. This task is challenging, but it will become easier once people begin to understand the media’s role in policymaking within our democracies.
One way in which government achieves this objective, is by its ability to misuse the media’s ability to set the agenda. Contrary to popular belief, media is in fact an enormous hegemony. In fact, separate independent news organizations do not exist. Rather than creating an independent structured agenda of their own, generally lesser smaller news organizations adapt to a prepared agenda, previously constructed by a higher medium. Based upon this information alone, it is quite apparent that media functions in adherence to the characteristics of a hierarchy.
The American democracy is one of the most peaceful kinds of government in the world although it is a long way from utopia. The democracy in which we live has many strengths and weaknesses. Neither strengths or weaknesses out weigh one another, but it is necessary to have both due to the varying definitions. A democracy is a government that is run by the people. The politicians that we elect to run our government are human and they are susceptible to mistakes based on their own strengths and weaknesses. The strengths and weaknesses they possess are reflected into our government but at least “we the people” elect them and they are not chosen for us.
Newspapers have allowed for such a freedom in our everyday lives, and most have not even realized this fact. They have provided us with an outlet to speak our mind about politics, societal issues, public differences, and religion and cultures. Searching online to find such knowledge can be extremely challenging; moreover, newspapers always seem to be a place to find valid information. Newspapers have started to come off the printer more slowly over the past decade. More people are turning to electronic ways to find information rather than going to the direct source where that electronic media got their information. Most reliable information comes from newspapers where high up and educated citizens or leaders speak their mind on certain and important topics. The reason newspapers should stay a part of today’s society is because they offer a way for people to speak freely about what they please and get their voice heard, they are always credible, and they help us hear the problems of the world openly from different perspectives.
"Freedom of the press is guaranteed only to those who own one." This quote by A.J. Liebling illustrates the reality of where the media stands in today's society. Over the past twenty years there has been an increase in power throughout the media with regard to politics. The media's original purpose was to inform the public of the relevant events that occurred around the world. The job of the media is to search out the truth and relay that news to the people. The media has the power to inform the people but often times the stories given to the public are distorted for one reason or another. Using slant and sensationalism, the media has begun to shape our views in society and the process by which we choose our leaders. There was once a time when the government used the media as a medium to influence voters, committees, communities etc. Recently, it has been the presidents of major media outlets that have not only exercised power over the public but also made their presences felt in government and in the halls of congress. When the word democracy is thrown about it usually has to do with the rights or original intentions for a group or organization. The first group intended to be influenced by the media was the informed voter. Political parties along with the government used a variety of media resources to persuade the voter or in effect receive a vote for their cause. Returning to the thought of ?democracy? the question is, what was the original intention of the media with relation to the theme of democracy and the informed voter? To analyze this thought thoroughly one must first grasp an understanding of the basic definition of democracy.