Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
New topics in postcolonial literature
Features of postcolonial fiction
Features of postcolonial fiction
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Un Sac De Billes is an autobiography written by Joseph Joffo, a French writer. The story is based on the life of Joseph Joffo and his family during the early nineties. The Germans invaded Paris in 1941 and the Jews happened to be affected the most. The Germans made it mandatory for the Jews to put on an étoile jaune (yellow star) in order to be distinguished from the others. The Joffo family was in distress since they were also Jewish. Thereafter, anytime Joseph, 10 years of age and his brother Maurice, 12 years old went to school with the star on their uniforms, their classmates scoffed at them; even their teachers treated them in a prejudiced manner. Joseph’s dad, Mr. Joffo reasoned with his boys to abscond from Paris to a secure zone, Zone Libre where Henry and Albert, their older brothers resided. Joseph and Maurice affronted a lot of hardships at that vulnerable age; they fled from city to city in order to survive. After the Germans left, the brothers returned to Paris. The Joffos were reunited except their dad who lost his life in the hands of the Germans.
Texts can be analyzed both intrinsically and extrinsically which are various techniques used for analysis. Contrary to the intrinsic analysis, the extrinsic attitude lays emphasis on what is outside the text and how the language used can be related to the issues that happen in our societies. Extrinsic analysis has a broader surface because it consists of diverse theories including Marxist Literary Criticism, Post Colonial Theory, and Feminist Literary Criticism, just to cite a few.
Analyzing Un Sac De Billes extrinsically brings to mind, Post Colonial Theory which is the after effects of colonialism. It entails various aspects such as race, mimicry, ambivalence, hybridity ...
... middle of paper ...
...rilous and they in turn saw the Jews as menials. Joseph Joffo used his family to give a vivid example of how the Jews were mistreated when Germans were dominating France. Un Sac De Billes was based on Joseph Joffo’s true life story which makes it an extraordinary piece. It educates us about events that took place in the early 90’s and how racial discrimination and the loss of their native land altered the lives of thousands of Jewish families. Joseph and his brother Maurice found means to survive and flee from the Germans throughout that period. As it is popular said, ‘What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger’ and undeniably, the Joffo brothers became tough and indifferent to hardships.
Works Cited
Joffo, J. (1973). Un sac de billes. Paris, France: Retrieved from http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un_sac_de_billes_(roman)
http://www3.dbu.edu/mitchell/postcold.htm
The Return of Martin Guerre, written by Natalie Zemon Davis, is the tale of a court case that takes place in sixteenth century France. Martin Guerre is a peasant who deserted his wife and family for many years. While Martin Guerre is gone, a man named Arnaud du Tilh arrives at Martin’s village and claims to be Martin Guerre. Bertrande, who is Guerre’s wife, Guerre’s sisters, and many of the villagers, accepts the imposter. After almost three years of being happily married, Bertrande takes the fraud to court under pressure of Pierre Guerre, her stepfather and Guerre’s brother. Arnaud du Tilh is almost declared innocent, but the real Martin Guerre appears in the courthouse. Throughout this tale, many factors of the peasant life are highlighted. The author gives a very effective and detailed insight to a peasant’s life during the time of Martin Guerre. Davis does a successful job of portraying the peasant lifestyle in sixteenth century France by accentuating the social, cultural, and judicial factors of everyday peasant life.
However, what really frames Francine du Plessix Gray’s biography is not so much the “fin du dix huitième siècle” but the “fin du vingtième siècle” and the “reality” material from Sade’s life that made it possible to represent the Marquis, his sons, his wife, mother-in-law, father-in-law, and uncle as so many of the people who populate the running narrative of criminals, deadbeat dads, incestuous relatives, date-raping playboys, and battered women that fill soap operas, day-time talk, women’s magazines, talk radio, and the tabloids. This paper, then, explores Sade’s biography not as a narrative of (the Marquis de Sade’s) his life, but as a narrative that pleases today’s reader because it serves up a voyeur’s view of (in) his “dysfunctional” family life “at home” that we are all too familiar with. This becomes abundantly apparent when du Plessix-Gray’s rendering of the Marquis and the Marquise’s lives are superimposed over the récit of lives that we read about all the time in the popular press and observe in television soaps and other series. Ultimately, we are interested in what such a reading, writing and representation of Sade’s life does to Sade’s persona and status, both in the world of letters, but more importantly, in the world at large.
Karl Stern is an artistic, lanky, beat up, Jewish fourteen year-old boy whose only refuge is drawing cartoons for his younger sister and himself. All that changes in an instant when he meets the boxer, Max Schmeling in his father’s art gallery. In exchange for a painting, Karl will receive lessons from the world renowned fighter and national German hero. Suddenly he has a purpose: train to become a boxing legend. As the years go by and he gets stronger, both physically and emotionally, so does the hatred for the Jews in Germany. This new generation of anti-Semitism starts when Karl gets expelled from school and grows until his family is forced to live in Mr. Stern’s gallery. Though the Stern’s have never set foot into a synagogue and do not consider themselves “Jewish”, they are still subjects to this kind of anti-Semitism. They try to make the best of it, but Karl can see how much it affects his family. His mother is getting moodier by the day, his sister, Hildy, hates herself because of her dark hair and “Jewish” nose and his father is printing illegal documents for some secret buyers. On Kristallnacht the gallery is broken into and the family is torn apart. Karl must now comfort his sister and search for his injured father and his mother. With the help of some of exceptional people, he manages to get over these many obstacles and make his way to America.
Among its detractors, literary theory has a reputation for sinful ignorance of both literature and the outside world; literary critics either overemphasize the word at the expense of context (as in formalistic criticisms) or overemphasize context at the expense of the word (as in political and historical criticisms). However, deconstruction holds a particularly tenuous position among literary theories as a school that apparently commits both sins; while formalistically focusing on the words on the page, deconstruction subjects those words to unnatural abuse. Thus, deconstruction seems locked in the ivory tower, in the company of resentful New-Critical neighbors.
Martineau clearly had a strong political agenda in writing this story, however in doing so, she addresses the fundamental difference she sees in the roles of responsibility in marriage. In her mind, the husband and the wife have clearly defined roles, not so much along lines of production, but rather in terms of the household. That which is in the household, whether it is the domestic duties or financial responsibility, falls to the wife while it is the husband who is responsible for the income stream.
War raged on in Europe. A twelve year old Jewish boy name Elie lives in Transylvanian town of Sighet. He is the only son in an Orthodox Jewish family that strictly follows his Jewish tradition. His parents are shopkeepers, and his father is a highly respected man within Sighet’s Jewish community. Elie has two older sisters, Hilda and Bea, and a younger sister named Tzipora. Elie studies Jewish mystical texts of the Cabbala with Moshe the Beadle. Moshe becomes a teacher to Elie and teaches him the Jewish traditions. The government later expels the Jews and deported some of the Jews of Sighet, one of them is Moshe. He comes back to Sighet to warn them of the upcoming danger, which was the mass execution of Jews throughout Europe. The town of Sighet found him to be crazy and ignored his warning. The town’s people didn’t think Hitler would kill off Jews. A couple of year’s passes by, the town of Sighet finds itself now under control by Nazi Germ...
Les Misérables (1862), a novel set in early nineteenth century France, presents a story of obsessions in honor, love, and duty, and through it redemption and salvation. It is the story of the poor Jean Valjean, condemned to an unfair amount of time in prison and a life on the run for stealing a loaf of bread for his starving family. The kind act of forgiveness from a Bishop with whom Jean Valjean stays one night, changes the course in which he chooses to live his life. Under a different identity, he becomes wealthy from a business he starts and later is elected mayor of the small town of Montreuil. He falls madly in love with Fantine, one of the workers in his factory. Because Fantine, one of the very poorest and most pitiful residents of Montreuil, has a child born out of wedlock, Jean Valjean as the respected mayor must keep his love for her a secret. When Fantine dies unexpectedly, Jean Valjean vows he will raise her daughter Cosette, and shield her from all the evils in the world. Through all of this, Jean Valjean is being pursued by Javert, a policeman whose entire life has been dedicated to finding Jean Valjean. While running from Javert, Jean Valjean and Cosette find themselves in Paris in the middle of the 1832 Revolution. As Cosette matures, she falls in love with Marius, a young revolutionist. Despite the objections of Jean Valjean, Cosette continues to secretly visit Marius at night. During the revolution, Marius is injured badly and Jean Valjean, after finding a love note from Marius to Cosette, quickly comes to the rescue of the wounded gentleman. Eventually Jean Valjean and Marius' Grandfather consent to the wedding of Cosette and Marius. In this novel, "there is a point at which...
Frantz Fanon was born on July 20th 1925 in Fort-de-France, Martinique. His biographer, Alice Cherki (2000) wrote that being part of the middle-class, his childhood was relatively happy and privileged but things changed when French naval troops where blockaded in Martinique after the invasion of Nazis in France. Indeed inhabitants experienced a violent racism and the scorn of the sailors towards natives. It is the first negative experienc...
Meursault, the main character and the narrator of the story, is a 30-year-old shipping clerk who lives an ordinary day-to-day existence. We see him as a son (at his mother's funeral); as a friend; as a solitary creature pursuing simple experiences from moment to moment; and as a prisoner, first on trial, then awaiting execution. Physical sensations of sun and wind and physical activities such as swimming or running mean a great deal to him. Larger experiences in his life- the death of his mother, a chance for marriage, and a change in job- mean relatively little. We learn almost nothing about his past, though he is a curiously candid person, speaking of experiences in the present that most of us, if we felt them, might keep silent about. He has a detached attitude toward other people. This annoys most people, but some are attracted to him because of his silence and his habit of not offering judgments. The central event in his life, at least as far as it influences others, is killing an Arab. His most intense experience, however, is his attack on a chaplain while in prison.
The treatment of Jews in this time period was abhorrent. The mere fact that Jews were placed into a death camp and exterminated was sufficient. In the film “The boy in the striped pajamas”, a moral issue arises in Germany in World War ll. This film reveals the racial discrimination and prejudice the Jewish people faced. Bruno who is an eight year old boy, is distraught after he learns that he has to leave his current home in Berlin to a new home in Auschwitz due to his father’s promotion to a Nazi commandant of a death camp. Arriving at their new home in Auschwitz, Bruno is lonely with no friends. From his bedroom window, he notices people in stripped pajamas behind a fence. He presumes they are farmers and asks his mother and father if he could meet some new friends on the farm. However, to his disappointment, he is told not to
Meursault’s apathy towards his mother’s death, his girlfriend, Marie Cardona, and the Arabic man symbolize a cruel French colonist. The first sentence of “ The stranger”, “Mother died today. Or, maybe, yesterday; I can’t be sure”(4), appalls reader by showing Meursault’s unconcern about his mother’s death date. At the funeral, Meursault behaves indifferently which contrasts with the old Perez, “who put on and put off his hat again and again”(11). Conversation between Meursault and his girlfriend also shows Meursault aloofness. “Marie came that evening and asked me if I’d marry her. I said I didn’t mind; if she was keen on it, we’d get married. Then she asked me again if I loved her. I replied, much as before, that her question meant nothing or next to nothing- bu...
It discusses views on family and how social class can be important within family as at that time it was believed that marriage would increase your social class. People would not marry someone who was too much lower than them on the social class scale. Louis’s mother and father being excluded from the family would not have been as surprising in the 1940’s as it would today. This occurred all the time due to wealthy and high class families wanting to become richer and classier and would not want their family marrying beneath
It is challenging to imagine that a novel about the Holocaust could ever be comparable to a Grimm fairy tale, however, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas and Poverty and Humility Lead to Heaven maintain fascinating similarities through the stories of their respective main characters under ‘The Quest’ storyline framework that the pieces follow. Further, both Bruno and the Prince demonstrate senses of basic goodness and fall victim to family betrayal and crimes of status.
The Absurdist notion that an individual needs no external value to survive is portrayed by Meursault’s lack of remorse shown toward his crime and lack of compassion shown toward Marie. Rather, he is an end to himself, his life being justified by his sole existence. Meursault does not view prison as a punishment for killing the Arab; ins...
When we perform a textual analysis on a text, we make an informed assumption probably the most likely understandings that may be made of that text. Textual analysis is useful because we can us it to decipher texts such as films, TV programs, magazines, commercials, fashion, graffiti, etc. Instead of only judging the strengths, weaknesses, accuracy or inaccuracy of texts, we can instead look at the social practices, representations, assumptions and stories about our lives that are revealed in texts (Brennen