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Lab report on specific heat capacity
Introduction of specific heat capacity lab report physics
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Experiment to Find the Specific Heat Capacity of an Aluminium Block
DATA COLLECTION:
Mass(m) (kg) (5dp)
Current(I) (A) (2dp)
Voltage (V) (2dp)
Time(t) (s) (0dp)
Initial temp(T1) (ºC) (2sf)
Final temp(T2) (ºC) (2sf)
+/-( 5*10^ -4) %
+/- (1*10^ -1) %
+/- (4*10^ -2) %
+/- (5*10^-1)s
+/- 0.5 ºC
+/- (5*10^ -1) ºC
0.99577
3.70
12.07
0
16.0
16.0
0.99577
3.70
12.08
60
16.0
18.0
0.99577
3.68
12.10
120
16.0
20.0
0.99577
3.66
12.11
180
16.0
22.0
0.99577
3.68
12.10
240
16.0
25.0
0.99577
3.64
12.08
300
16.0
27.0
0.99577
3.64
12.08
360
16.0
30.0
0.99577
3.65
12.03
420
16.0
33.0
DATA PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION:
As Q=m.c.(T2-T1)
Where Q= energy transfer
C= specific heat capacity
We can rearrange this to give:
C= Q/(m(T2-T1))
And as power = energy/time
Therefore E= Pt = Q
And P = IV therefore Q = IVt
Hence C= IVt/(m(T2-T1))
Which is rearranged to the form y=px + c to give:
T2= (IVt / (m.C)) + T1.
Where p is the gradient, and equals 1/C, therefore x = IVt/m = Q/m,
and y = T2 the y intercept is equal to T1
Therefore I have calculated this table:
Energy transfer
Errors (J)
Q/m (j/kg)
Errors(J/kg)
Final temp(T2) ( ºC) (2sf)
(Q) (J) (0dp)
(0dp)
(0dp)
(0dp)
+/- (5*10^ -1) ºC
0
+/- 0
0
Two equations were used in this experiment to determine the initial temperature of the hot water. The first equation
Thermal methods of analysis have been in use for quite a long time. Their application in the analysis of pharmaceutical materials has made it possible for pharmacists and researchers to understand their contents and characteristics. However, thermal methods have several disadvantages that have led researchers to opt for nano-thermal methods of analysis. Nano-thermal analysis methods use special resolution imaging potential that is enhanced by the availability of atomic force microscopy and thermal analysis methods.
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In this lab, I determined the amount of heat exchanged in four different chemical reactions only using two different compounds and water. The two compounds used were Magnesium Hydroxide and Citric Acid. Both compounds were in there solid states in powder form. Magnesium Hydroxide was mixed with water and the change in heat was measured using a thermometer. The next reaction combined citric acid and magnesium hydroxide in water. The change in heat was measured as well. For the third reaction citric acid was placed in water to measure the change in heat. In the last reaction, citric acid was combined with water. The heat exchanged was again measured. It is obvious we were studying the calorimetry of each reaction. We used a calorimeter
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On January 23rd 1973 a new volcano unexpectedly erupted in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago, southwest of Iceland. The new volcano was a fissure 1.25 miles long and only 1100 yards from the center of town, also named Vestmannaeyjar. The new volcano was named Heimaey. The town was mostly evacuated over the next few days and the lava slowly flowed towards town and the mouth of the harbor for the next seven months. Vestmannaeyjar is the only good harbour in that part of Iceland, and was the base for a large fishing fleet that produces a significant part of Iceland’s GNP. As the lava threatened to overrun the town and close off the harbor, a decision was made to try to slow and divert the lava by cooling it with sea water. The idea was initially scoffed at, but when small initial efforts seemed to have an effect the scale of the operation was increased. Over seven months eight million cubic yards of sea water were pumped onto the lava flow; they cooled 5 million cubic yards of basalt lava to solid rock. The harbor and much of the town survived the eruption, likely as a result of the efforts to cool the lava.
-443.08 x (100.1 / 2.51) = -17670.2 J.mol. 1. H = -17.67 kJ.mol. 1.
- Temperature was measured after and exact time i.e. 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes.
Sweating and Heat Loss Investigation Aim To find out whether heat is lost faster over a sweaty body compared to a dry body. Apparatus 2 Boiling tubes 47ml max 2 Measuring jug 50ml max A Beaker 250ml max 2 thermometers Paper towels A kettle to boil water A stopwatch 2 magnifying glasses (8x) 2 corks with a small hole through the centre A test tube rack Preliminary work In my preliminary work, I need to find out how much water to use, whether the tissue should be wet with hot/cold water, how often the readings should be taken, how accurate should the readings be, how many readings should be taken and what my starting temperature should be. My results are as follows. Starting temperature of 40°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c) 30 36 38.9 60 35 38.5 90 34 37.9 120 33.9 37.5 150 33 37 180 32.6 36.9 210 32.3 36.8 240 31 36.5 270 30.4 36 300 30.3 35.9 Starting temperature of 65°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c) 30 51.1 53 60 48.2 51.9 90 46.4 51 120 46 50 150 44.3 49 180 42.9 48.4 210 42.6 46.9 240 41.7 48 270 40.2 47.5 300 39.3 47 Starting temperature of 60°c Time (secs) Wet towel (°c) Dry towel (°c)
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Thermoregulation mechanisms are essential as uncontrolled body temperature is physiologically detrimental (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2014, p 990). For example, if body temperature increases above 40°C, it can cause disorientation and above 42°C can cause convulsions, permanent cell damage, breakdown of cellular proteins and eventually death (Campbell, 2011; Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2014, p 990).
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For the first assignment, I read two excerpts from Ceramics Art and Perception and one article from Ceramics Technical, the July 2017 edition. While each article focused on a different aspect of ceramics.