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The relation between the Transactional and Transformational leadership approaches
Transformational &Transactional leadership
Leadership traits questionnaire
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ransactional leadership underlines the compliance with the organizational goals and performance expectations using rewards and punishments through supervision. Transactional leaders are task-oriented and outcome-oriented. When a company has a time and resources constraints, this type of leaders are very effective. They usually pay a close attention to how employees perform their tasks.
Transformational leadership focuses on increasing employee motivation and engagement and attempts to link employees' sense of self with organizational values. This leadership style emphasizes leading by example, so followers can identify with the leader's vision and values.
If we compare these two types of leadership, we can see that they have many differences. Firstly, transactional leaders appeal to the self-interest of employees who seek out rewards for themselves, in contrast to transformational leaders, who appeal to group interests and notions of organizational success. Secondly, transactional leaders work within an organizational culture, while transformational leaders make new ideas and therefore "transform" organizational culture. Thirdly, transactional leadership reacts to problems as they arise, whereas transformational leadership is more likely to address issues before they become problematic. Finally, transactional leaders reward and punish in traditional ways according to organizational standards; transformational leaders attempt to achieve positive results from employees by keeping
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them invested in projects. Coaches of athletic teams provide one example of transactional leadership.
These leaders motivate their followers by promoting the reward of winning the game. They promote a high level of commitment that their followers are willing to risk pain and injury to obtain the results that the leader is asking for. Another example of transactional leadership is Charles de Gaulle. Through the type of reward and punishment he was able to become the leader of the free French in a crisis
situation. Mahatma Gandhi is a great example of a transformational leader, because he satisfied the needs of his followers. But instead of riding those needs to power, he remained sensitive to a higher purpose. He believed in satisfying the needs of all that followed him.
Transformational leadership is defined as a “process whereby a person engages with others and creates a connection that raises
Borkowski (2015) distinguished between transactional leadership and transformational leadership by explaining that: transactional leadership is directed toward task accomplishment and the maintenance of good relations between the leader and subordinates throw consideration of performance and reward. And, Transformational leadership, contrasting transactional leadership, is directed toward the influence and management of institutional change and innovation through revitalization and
According to our text book there are two main classifications of leadership approaches, transformational leadership and transactional leadership (Yoder-Wise, 2011). Transformational leadership is centered on motivation and building relationships with staff through a shared vision and mission (Frandsen, 2013). Transactional leadership approach involves one superior with minimum or no input from the employees (Yoder-Wise, 2011).
There are four more attributes added to the transactional leadership theory and forms the transformational theory. Basically, it is the process where the leader and follower raises their hand for each other towards a greater benefit (Dems, 2015). This type of leadership style is very energetic, enthusiastic and passionate and it’s not confined in a hierarchical relation. Here leader exposed the clear goal to the follower and having a high expectation. But he never forgets about his follower to help them, encourage the. Leader shares his opinion and welcome every input from group members (Transformational Leadership, 2015) . The four qualities are intellectual stimulation to followers to explore new ideas. Considering each individual despite only group or team. Inspirational motivation for creating an inspiring vision to the group which is really achievable. Most important thing the behavior of transformational leader is being a role model to follow (Dawes,
The variety of spectrums that are included in transformational leadership means that is difficult to define the limits, also the transformational leadership theory can not be applied to every situation or even every field (Lynch, 2015; Northouse, 2013). The measuring factors of transformational leadership have also been questions (Northouse, 2013). While the model focuses on the roles of both the leader and the subordinate, it has also been criticized as being more focused on praise of leader and less on the input of subordinates (Northouse, 2013; Yang, 2014). There are also very few studies that approaches to transformational leadership that study it from the point of view of the followers need (Kovjanic et al., 2013). It has also been thought that transformational leadership regards leadership as something that cannot be learned, which makes it an approach that is more difficult to actually apply and teach (Northouse, 2013). Also, although the style has been highly regarded as effective, there are still questions in regard to if it can transform people and businesses (Northouse,
Bass and colleagues of his, have disputed that transactional leadership is a vital precondition if transformational leadership is to be effective (Avolio, 1999). By providing direction and focus, transactional leadership makes the use of transformational behaviors less confusing and ambiguous. From a somewhat abstract perspective, Podsakoff, Bommer and MacKenzie (2006) seem to agree with this assessment and further suggest that “leader reward and punishment behavior is the heart of what is called transactional leadership” (p.
Based on Burns (1978) there are two types of basic leadership styles, transformational and transactional. Transactional leaders are in contact with an individual for an exchange that will occur between them while transformational leaders motivate and connect with their followers
Introduction Leadership is a commodity that is highly valued and highly desired. It can be described both as a trait and as a process. As a trait it has been viewed as a property or a set of possessed character traits by various people at varying levels, limiting leadership to those who are trusted to have unique talents that are inherent and natural. The process context views leadership as a phenomenon that provides a relationship linking leaders and followers availing leadership to everyone (Northouse, 2010). Leadership process has many complexities that have gained attention of researchers, resulting in different theories that try to explain complexities associated with leadership.
Transactional leaders, focus on the proper exchange of resources. The transactional leader gives followers something they want in exchange for something the leader wants. Transactional leadership is considered more commonplace than is transformational leadership (Judge & Piccollo, 2007). A transactional leader is one with difficult standards or benchmarks who is often uninterested in other people’s opinions. It is an effective style to achieve operational goals and outcomes. Quite beneficial for creating business opportunities that thrives in an era of global competition (Stone, 2013). Bezos is task oriented, he micromanages his staff and is not often interested in others opinions; his leadership style incorporates many traits of a transactional
Transactional leadership is a long standing leadership theory that examines the interaction or exchange between leader and follower. This leadership theory relies heavily on the give and take and reward punishment interaction that followers rely on to determine their success. Many organizations operate their businesses within a transactional realm, employees are rewarded for goals reached, tasks accomplished, and skills performed; consequently leaders lead using this same transactional approach and employees learn to operate and succeed within these parameters to receive their own desired outcome.
With this particular style, leaders are known to have a hands off approach when guiding others, and usually they do not provide the support that may be needed. Furthermore, Laissez-fair leaders allow individuals to make their own decisions without much interference or feedback. In addition to a Laissez-fair leader, there is also the transformational method of leadership. A Transformational leader can be described as a person who “persuades their subordinates to take on the organizational revolution as their own” (Rana, Malik, & Hussain, 2007, p. 163). In addition, transformational leaders also formulate challenging purposes in order to pave the way for others. For example, although Abraham Lincoln was the president of the United States, he volunteered in the Blackhawk War, which proves how caring and selfless he was. He was able to sympathize and relate to others, although it may have been considered as politically incorrect. The last leadership style that has been discussed is known as transactional. With the transactional method of guiding others, there is a “reciprocal exchange” (Rana, Malik, & Hussain, 2007, p. 164) that exists between a leader and subordinates. Focusing on the desired outcome is the main objective with transactional leaders as opposed to focusing to the individuals
In conclusion, transactional and transformational leadership can be merged or used individually depending on various circumstances. However, they are partially correlated. In order to make the best use and get the desirable results out of these principles, leaders should attain a deep understanding of each theory as they are dissimilar in conducting. Moreover, an appropriate balance should be considered if leaders aim to integrate them together. In my point of view, either stand alone or combination usage would benefit to any organizations if the application of leaders was taken in proper situations.
). Burke et al (2006) suggested that transactional leadership, based on contingent rewards, can have a positive effect on followers' satisfaction and performance. However, a transactional leader focuses on management tasks, and will not identify shared values of a team. By contrast, transformational leaders inspire others with their vision and work together with their team to identify common values (Marquis and Huston 2009). The transactional approach is task-orientated and can be effective when meeting deadlines, or in emergencies such as when dealing with a cardiac arrest. This approach can lead to non-holistic patient care, because nurses focus on the task they need to complete, rather than the patient as a whole (Bach and Ellis 2011).
Transformational leadership is an extension of transactional leadership. Organization should maintain base of transactional leadership while moving their organizational culture towards one of Transformational qualities.
This method implies that leaders and follower have combine motives that can be beneficial to both parties. When theses task are assigned, there is a designed reward or punishment for the followers. This method of leadership can also be associated with managing in a sense. Transactional leadership in a sense is like management in that it does not look to inspire or promote change, it is in fact more about ensuring a particular process, and procedure meets the desired results.