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The relation between the Transactional and Transformational leadership approaches
The strengths and weaknesses of different leadership styles
The relation between the Transactional and Transformational leadership approaches
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). Burke et al (2006) suggested that transactional leadership, based on contingent rewards, can have a positive effect on followers' satisfaction and performance. However, a transactional leader focuses on management tasks, and will not identify shared values of a team. By contrast, transformational leaders inspire others with their vision and work together with their team to identify common values (Marquis and Huston 2009). The transactional approach is task-orientated and can be effective when meeting deadlines, or in emergencies such as when dealing with a cardiac arrest. This approach can lead to non-holistic patient care, because nurses focus on the task they need to complete, rather than the patient as a whole (Bach and Ellis 2011). …show more content…
Autocratic leadership is an example of transactional leadership.
Autocratic leaders have been described as controlling, power-orientated and closed-minded (Bass 2008). They stress obedience, loyalty and strict adherence to the rules (Bass 2008). Autocratic leaders may be disliked by their team, but this may evolve into appreciation and fondness once the positive results of their leadership become evident (Bass 2008). Although staffmay dislike autocratic leaders, they often work well under them (Bass 2008). Schoel et al (2011) found that well-liked leaders might be perceived as ineffective while disliked leaders might be perceived as
effective. Autocratic leaders can be effective because they create good structure, and determine what needs to be done (Bass 2008). They provide rewards for compliance, but punish disobedience (Bass 2008). However, autocratic leaders can be abusive, create fear among staffand often make decisions without consulting the team (Bass 2008). Followers of an autocratic leader can rely heavily on their team leader and may underperform in the leader's absence. Although the Nursing and Midwifery Council (2008) advises that all nurses are accountable for their actions, an autocratic leader will take full accountability. In this situation, leaders experience significant pressure while followers remain relatively stress-free.
Borkowski (2015) distinguished between transactional leadership and transformational leadership by explaining that: transactional leadership is directed toward task accomplishment and the maintenance of good relations between the leader and subordinates throw consideration of performance and reward. And, Transformational leadership, contrasting transactional leadership, is directed toward the influence and management of institutional change and innovation through revitalization and
While transactional leadership relies on a system of rewards and penalties it doesn't provide a lot of in conditions of inspiration to encourage folks to travel past the fundamentals. Given this truth the supporters of transactional leaders may get happy and develop a propensity to attain smallest expectations solely that might facilitate them avoid penalties (Bass, 1990). Therefore the leader and also the follower ar in associate conformity on what the follower would take delivery of achieving the negotiated level of performance (Bass, 1990). The success of such leadership depends on the extent of satisfaction the leader and followers have in following this technique of performance based mostly appraisals (Bass, 1990)
There are four more attributes added to the transactional leadership theory and forms the transformational theory. Basically, it is the process where the leader and follower raises their hand for each other towards a greater benefit (Dems, 2015). This type of leadership style is very energetic, enthusiastic and passionate and it’s not confined in a hierarchical relation. Here leader exposed the clear goal to the follower and having a high expectation. But he never forgets about his follower to help them, encourage the. Leader shares his opinion and welcome every input from group members (Transformational Leadership, 2015) . The four qualities are intellectual stimulation to followers to explore new ideas. Considering each individual despite only group or team. Inspirational motivation for creating an inspiring vision to the group which is really achievable. Most important thing the behavior of transformational leader is being a role model to follow (Dawes,
When it comes to the topic of leadership, most of us will agree that we are curious as well as critical of our leaders, and their actions. Political and religious leaders are often under close scrutiny. As influential leaders they set the vision, tone and goals of any organization. Hence, a leader 's , behavior and leadership style are constantly scrutinized and if appropriate, their leadership traits ought to positively impact followers. According to Northouse (2012), “A leader affects and is affected by followers and both leader and followers are affected in turn by the situation that surrounds them”(p.5). Efficient leaders are remembered by their visions and actions.
Lewin, Leppit, and White were cautious in the conclusions the drew from this study. They noted that autocratic leadership does get results and is preferred over democratic leadership. However they observed that autocratic leadership can create tension, apathy, frustration, and dependence by the group on the leader. Further, the researchers found that some of the differences in the behaviors of the children were associated with the presence or absence of the leader. Specifically, constructive effort declined in the autocratically controlled children groups. Finally, they observed very little value in laissez-faire control ---an essentially “no-leader” approach to leadership.
Leadership is described as the behavior of an individual when directing the activity of a group towards a common goal (Al- Sawai, 2013). Healthcare system involves multiple related, interconnected relations with other departments and health care professionals from various cultural backgrounds; therefore, the understanding of individuals’ behavior and group dynamics within the healthcare organization is imperative for a leader and or organization to be successful (Bukowski, 2009). A transformative leader has the attributes that are necessary for twenty- first century leader to have to be an effective leader in a changing nursing service organization and the healthcare system. A transformative leader is a type of leader that collaborates, encourages, and motivates people adapt to changes with charisma (University of Kent, n.d). Study shows that some leaders fail because of
The leaders take full authority and assume full responsibility. Autocratic leadership typically is negative, based on threats and punishment, but it can appear to be positive, as demonstrated by the benevolent autocrat who chooses to give some rewards to employees. Consultative leaders approach one or more employees and ask them for inputs prior to making a decision. These leaders may then choose to use or ignore the information and advice received, however.
In the past people believed that leaders are born not made. Now the definition of leadership has been changed because now we believe that leaders can be made through education. Leadership plays important part in every field and organization to achieve higher goal. According to Kelly, “leadership is a process of influence in which the leader influences others toward goal achievement” (Kelly & Crawford, 2013, p. 168). Nowadays there are many leadership theories and have different perspective and suggestion. I have chosen two theories to discuss in this paper that is Autocratic leadership theory the Transformational leadership theory. Both theories are total contradictory with each other because both have a different perspective.
I was involved in a situation where leadership was ineffective by my director of obstetrics. The topic involved our hiring policy. We had multiple candidates for a nursing position. Due to staffing shortages, this position need filled as soon as possible. My role was assistant nurse manager on night shift. It was myself, the other night shift assistant manager, and our director present for the interview. We had a candidate apply that had a few years of post partum experience, and I worked with her in the past at another facility, though did not recommend her. I kept my opinion quiet, because I always want to be fair. The interview started and was not going well. The candidate did not answer questions well, nor did she look at us in the eyes. She was dressed sloppy and did not possess any professionalism. Towards the end of the interview, the director started to ask when she could start, the compensation, and continued to give her a tour of the unit. The other assistant manager and I could not believe what we were seeing. The director hired her on the spot. This leadership was ineffective in a variety of different ways.
Best leaders in any organization are those who have qualities of both transactional and transformational leaders. A systematic review showed that transformational leadership is one among the group that promotes positive quality of care measures (7). Transformational leaders are those who “inspire followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization (3).” They have developed sense of self-awareness, create relationships and motivate staff members. The “trickle down” effect of such leadership promotes effective communication and positive attitude.
Initially, transactional and transformational leadership are different in terms of implementation and its outcomes. However, transformational leadership was developed from transactional leadership (Downton, 1973). Bass (1985) defined transactional leadership as an exchange activity that leaders execute to motivate subordinates in order to achieve their tasks by giving out reward or punishment correspond with their performance. Additionally, active and passive management by exception are taken into account when it comes to misconception and faults. Bass (1985) stated that transformational leadership emphasizes the value of subordinates, encourages them to perform extra effort, and assures their comprehension on organization’s goals and objectives. Besides, idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulatio...
Autocratic leadership is a style of where leaders make decisions without checking with their team members, although their contribution could be useful, it discouraged team member and can result in staff leaving the organization. Still, it is most appropriate when a fast decision is needed. Instead, lasissez-fairestyle of leadership enables leaders to a have high level of engagement and involvement in performing duties and setting deadlines. It leads to high job gratification, but wants team members to have sufficient knowledge and skills as well as self-motivated to do their duties
This method implies that leaders and follower have combine motives that can be beneficial to both parties. When theses task are assigned, there is a designed reward or punishment for the followers. This method of leadership can also be associated with managing in a sense. Transactional leadership in a sense is like management in that it does not look to inspire or promote change, it is in fact more about ensuring a particular process, and procedure meets the desired results.
Autocratic leaders also known as authoritarian leaders are leaders that have absolute authority over subordinates, are in control of the situation they are in, dictate and enforce orders, rarely consult with or ask opinions of others, are highly task driven, and the emotional needs of people are a low priority. The advantage of an Autocratic leader is they typically achieve results quickly; they would make a great leader during the time of crisis or when a project
The transaction leader differs approach differs from the transformational leader. In general it is motivated by a change taking place. According to McLaurin and Almiri, transactional leadership is a bargaining exchange process between the leader and the follower, lead to the expected or planned outcomes, focus on maintaining the status quo, does not consider the needs of the followers on an individual basis, and the flow of power is more stable than the transformational leader.