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Similarities and differences between non-profit organizations and governmental organizations
Differences between government, for profit, and non profit organizations
Differences between government, for profit, and non profit organizations
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Obligations: government and non-governmental entities. Obligations are placed upon society by government and non-governmental entities which try to ensure social control. According to Suzanne Samuels in Law, Politics, and Society, (2006) social control is best described as a mechanism that sets “norms to guide individual and group behaviour” (p. 3). In order to limit chaos and crime among society entities place obligations on society to keep a form of social control through the use of formal norms. An example of a formal norm set by a governmental agency is driving on the right side of the road, and yielding to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are non-governmental entities that also place obligations on society for a shared goal of social …show more content…
4). Samuels also talks about how folkways are norms that are “part of day-to-day living”, which guide individuals on what is social acceptable to wear, eat, and how to properly interact with others (p. 4). Some examples of folkways are saying “thank you” whenever a person does something to assist another in a task, females having to wear makeup in order to leave their house, or mothers referring to their child 's age in weeks instead of months or months instead of years because it is how their doctors have taught them to refer to age. In comparison, mores also guide individuals on what is socially acceptable, but they are upheld by a moral code of conduct based on personal or religious beliefs and values. Some examples of mores could be, but are not limited to: not working on Sundays, fasting, not swearing, giving up a seat on the bus for an elderly person, and donating to charities. Both folkways and mores can vary depending on the groups to which they are addressing, however, they are present in every form of civilization. Rules are in some ways the same as folkways and mores, be that as it may, when social deviance happens the consequences of those actions against government and non-governmental entities can greatly
Addresses obligations resulting from those harms (the offenders’, but also the communities’ and the societies).
In history, social norms have not been fully established.
The conclusion presented by Nagel is that the theory of obligation can explain special features of public morality. Also those individuals can take steps to restrict certain choices. Nagel also concluded that the institutional structure shields indi...
For example, when we look at the anarchist squatters, informal ordering would not be affective in this situation and a police presence was subsequently required to enforce the eviction. In addition, social order is also challenged through the eyes of the media where people see the actions of others and learn from this (Blakeley, 2014, p87). People also begin to learn what is acceptable and what is not by discovering what happens when rules are broken. Furthermore, in the video ‘Ordering Lives’ we can see that police are formally enforcing the importance of laws surrounding fly tipping and anti-social behaviour for example, in an informal setting and encouraging the community to report such behaviours (The Open University,
Folkways are impulsive and passively observed in a way that there is little to no pressure, on individuals who violated such orders in the society. Children learn how to behave in agreements with those Folkways by observation from parents and adults in such society while Mores are norms of a society that have an official means of conforming the laws of the land. Norms are ways to guarantee that every member of a giving society behave according to the customary law of the land. An individual who breaks these laws are subjected to punishments. The society has this mores and people are assigned to enforce them and whoever that cannot conform to this law are liable for the consequences and this are just ways that every society use to promote orders and reinforcing that there is a uniformity in everyone's behavior in order to coexist in a giving society by order.
Law, ?a governmental social control? (Black 2), is a quantitative variable that changes in time and space and can be defined by style: penal, compensatory, therapeutic or conciliatory (Black 5). The brief description of law and its interrelation with social control and deviant behavior can be encapsulated in the following scheme. This concept of law put into the context of social life gives a framework of the behavior of law.
They hold us together as a culture, while separating us as unique individuals at the same time. Folkways, which are based more on custom and etiquette are the most broken of all norms. This can be explained because worst case scenario our only reprimand may be someone staring or talking about us. Mores, while a little more serious than folkways, still don’t have a very serious punishment, just maybe a little more than weird looks, double takes and bad mouthing. Mores are usually based on social morals, which can sometimes make people get a little uneasy, but not much more than that. Laws are the most serious or formal norms, with standard punishment respective to the type of law that is broken. The norm that I have chosen to discuss, in my opinion, hits a little bit of all three of these categories. I have chosen to analyze a television talk show and the guests they attract. Maury Povich, while previously known as one of the more serious talk shows with fairly reasonable guests and topics has become more of a “Jerry Springer” type of talk show. It is almost so vile that you just have to watch it kind of a show; at least that is my roommate’s excuse. Monday, March 14th, the show aired the topic “My Boyfriend Controls My Every Move.” Since Maury was straying from his almost everyday topic of “Who Is My Babies Daddy”, I decided to give it a gander. I was absolutely appalled at the things these couples were saying. There was one couple in particular that really had my undivided attention that had been married twenty some odd years. This woman was made to do everything her husband said, or she would be punished. Her duties included cleaning, cooking, shopping, grooming and washing her husban...
In the world we live in today, deviance happens to play an integral role in within the societies that scatter our globe, whether we like it or not. Deviance describes actions or behaviors that violate the social norms of our society. These behaviors can violate formally enacted rules, such as laws that are put into place by government, as well as the informal type of “guidelines” that various cultures have informally established and shaped for themselves. As one may come to understand, norms are essentially expectations that are standard to a certain culture. These norms gently guide people in a society in “what to do,” and “what not to do,” in compliance with their societies' norms. With this said, it is important to keep in mind that social norms differ from culture to culture. One act that may be considered deviant in a particular society, may be generally accepted in another. Three main sociological theories of deviance include the cultural transmission theory (also known as the differential association theory), the labeling theory, and the control theory.
Lets start by understanding that cultures are a melting pot of people’s beliefs, language, behaviors, values, material objects, and norms. Norms are written and non-written “expectations of behavior” that govern a certain location, place, or culture (26). These norms also vary from culture to culture meaning what is a norm in the U.S may not be a norm in India. For example, a norm in America would be tipping a waiter after a meal. Another would be acknowledging someone as you walk past him or her, typically done at work or in a public place. In all, norms are folkways, mores, taboos, and written laws that are an established standard of one’s behavior.
Several individuals within society typically follow social guidelines that they are unaware of performing. Social guidelines such as stopping at a red light or saying thank you when someone has done something for you. These social guidelines or norms give society a script to follow regarding their behavior and actions. Although norms are the acceptable actions and behaviors that society is taught to perform, there are occurrences where individuals stay away from those in which they are now enacting deviance. To act deviant is considered to break away or do something different of a social norm. There are several forms of deviance that occur frequently within society that violate social norms and hinder society’s overall function.
Nonprofit Organizations The purpose of this research is to define nonprofit organizations, describe opportunities that are present in nonprofits, outline advantages and disadvantages of working in the nonprofit sector, and explain how you can determine if this is an area for you to consider as a career. WHAT IS THE NONPROFIT SECTOR? "Nonprofit" is a term that the I.R.S. uses to define tax-exempt organizations whose money or "profit" must be used solely to further their charitable or educational mission, rather than distribute profits to owners or shareholders as in the for-profit sector. The term is also used to describe organizations which are not a branch of -- are independent of -- the government and the corporate sector. This term refers to one of the most important uniqueness of a nonprofit organization: it is independent of both the public or government sector and the private or corporate sector.
Folkway can be described as community customs. Folkways can also refer to the standards of behavior that are socially accepted, however, not morally significant. They are considered the norms for everyday behavior that the community is expected to follow for the purpose of tradition and convenience. Norms on the other hand can be described as particular cultural expectations that govern the behavior of people in a society. Breaking a folkway is not a serious offence and does not lead to a sanction. Examples of folkways include cultural forms of food habits and dress.
How does humanity govern its self? The world, as seen today, is an extremely diverse nation with various, backgrounds, traditions, and customs. The aforementioned are informal social controls used to help govern citizens in an unceremonious way. These informal controls developed over time into formal controls, laws, to try and restore harmony within a society and punish those who are in violation of laws. Laws are defined as a set of rules developed by a body of legislation to maintain order and peace of an organized people. Laws can be used as an umbrella to blanket a multitude of subsets, such as, political, administrative, financial, and civil infractions. Public Order crimes can also be placed in to a subcategory of criminal legislation. When defining a criminal infraction there are two sides of the spectrum, the victim and the offender. Drug usage and drug-related crimes have the most relevant association when it comes to violation of federal and state statutes. So what happens when there is not apparent “victim?” Is there a thing as a “victimless” crime? Public order and drug crimes may not seem to have an effect in an instant, but over time it damages our nation as a whole.
To come to understand why people act with deviant behavior, we must comprehend how society brings about the acceptance of basic norms. The “techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in a society” are called social control (Schaefer, 2009). As we respect and acknowledge these social norms we expect others to do so as well. Therefore, according to our behavior sanctions are carried out whether they are positive or negative. Conformity, which refers to “going along with peers, people of our own status who have no special right to direct our behavior” (Schaefer, 2009), is one way social control occurs in a group level which influence the way we act. On the other hand, obedience is the compliance with a higher authority, resulting in social control at a societal level. The sanctions used to promote these factors can be informal and formal social control. Informal social control can be very casual in enforcing social norms by using body language or other forms of discipline, however formal social control is carried out by authorized agents when desired behavior is not obtained by informal sancti...
Norms can also be broken but violating these norms would be considered rude of disrespectful. Along with these norms there are also laws. Laws are the “binding rule created through custom or official enactment that defines correct behavior and the punishment for misbehavior” (Miller 2011: 175). The system of a law is more common among state type societies. State type societies such as Los Angeles, New York, Pittsburgh, just to name a