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Biopsychosocial approach
Biopsychosocial approach
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Psychological disorders could be better defined. It is described as mental or behavior pattern that cause a person suffering and is not seen as socially acceptable of normal. The field is growing each year and they are developing a better understanding of how to diagnose and treat the disease. After reading about the DSM-IV-TR it does seem like a more efficient resource for strictly psychological diseases does need to be produced especially, because the amount of psychological disorders has grown so much in the past 60 years and will continue to grow. The medical model states that an "illness" must have a physical cause that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases cured. I do believe that this may be true for some psychological disorders, but not all of them can fit into this model. The biopsychosocial approach picks up where the medical model leaves off. It is very apparent that some psychological disorders can be influenced by a person's environment, their social skills, and their culture. In Latin America you may never see anorexia or bulimia, but they have their own disorder...
Human characteristics have evolved all throughout history and have been manipulated on a global scale through the use of science and technology. Genetic modification is one such process in which contemporary biotechnology techniques are employed to develop specific human characteristics. Despite this, there are a countless number of negative issues related with genetic modification including discrimination, ethical issues and corruption. Hence, genetic modification should not be used to enhance human characteristics.
Torgersen, S. (2009). The nature (and nurture) of personality disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 624-632. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00788.x
... just the illness as a whole. There are also issues with how broad the spectrum of mental illness is. With each new idea in mental health some hope is given that someone will find treatment.
Many professionals are qualified and certified to help handle mental health disorders and they vary from a wide range of disciplines. All focus on helping the individual who is struggling with their mental health the professional help that they need and deserve. Many mental health professionals will initially do a biopsychosocial assessment of the person’s life in order to better gauge where the strengths lie in this person’s life and where underlying issues may be held. This assessment includes looking at the person from a biological viewpoint, a psychological viewpoint, and a social viewpoint. The biological perspective looks at a person’s medical needs, including neurological testing. The psychological standpoint focuses on a person’s psychological
It is generally accepted within healthcare that to understand mental health we must adopt the biopsychosocial model. This model assumes that an interdependent relationship exists between biological, psychological and social factors which are involved in all aspects of mental health (Toates, 2010, p. 14). To be true to the model research must be holistic and not investigate the factors in isolation.
Culture has a huge influence on how people view and deal with psychological disorders. Being able to successfully treat someone for a mental illness has largely to do with what they view as normal in their own culture. In Western cultures we think that going to a counselor to talk about our emotions or our individual problems and/or getting some type of drug to help with our mental illness is the best way to overcome and treat it, but in other cultures that may not be the case. In particular Western and Asian cultures vary in the way they deal with psychological disorders. In this paper I am going to discuss how Asian cultures and Western cultures are similar and different in the way they view psychological disorders, the treatments and likelihood of getting treatment, culture bound disorders, and how to overcome the differences in the cultures for optimal treatments.
Psychological disorders are also known as mental disorders where there are multiple trends of behavioral or psychological symptoms that could be seen that might have an impact in an individual’s life. For instance, mental disorders “can be caused by one-time events” as stated on HelpGuide.org which might have encountered one’s life. As a matter of fact, “mental disorders are most common among adolescents than adults” according to the statistics of National Institute of Mental Health. Thus, this illness can become a burden for those who suffer it until the end of their life if one doesn’t get any therapy. In one of J.D Salinger’s work of literature, he creates a seventeen years old fictional character, Holden Caulfield who suffers with mental disorders. Holden is the narrator in the story who gives no importance towards life and future. In the novel, Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger, Holden Caulfield, the protagonist is a teen who copes with various undiagnosed psychological disorders that might have affected his youthful life; hence, his character can be understood through the roots in the field of psychology.
There are multiple criteria that come into play when determining a psychological disorder. One reason is because, it is hard to know for sure if an action is abnormal or not. Something could be abnormal in our country, but a custom in another.
A mental disorder, or illness, is defined as “a mental… condition marked primarily by sufficient disorganization of personality, mind, and emotions to seriously impair the normal psychological functioning of the individual” (Merriam & Webster, 2014). Mental illness affects approximately 1 of 4 people in the United States over the age of 18, or 26.2%. Of that 26.2%, six percent of them suffer from a mental disorder that is considered serious and 45% of them have characteristics that meet the criteria for more than one mental disorder. On any given day, 6.7% of United States citizens are suffering from depression, 1.5% are suffering from dysthymic disorder, 2.6% are exhibiting signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder, 1.1% are diagnosed with schizophrenia, 18.1% are suffering from anxiety, and 13.8% of the population are battling conditions such as eating disorders, attention deficient hyperactivity disorder, or a personality disorder (National Institute of Mental Health, 2014).
The psychoanalytic perspective grew out of subsequent psychoanalytic theories (1901, 1924, and 1940) following decades of interactions with clients with the use of an innovative procedure developed by Sigmund Freud that required lengthy verbal interactions with patients during which Freud probed deep into their lives. In a nutshell, the psychoanalytic perspective looked to explain personality, motivation, and psychological disorders by focussing on the influence of early childhood experiences, on unconscious motives and conflicts, and on the methods people use to cope with their sexual and aggressive urges. The Biological perspective on the other hand looks at the physiological bases of behaviour in humans and animals. It proposes that an organism’s functioning can be described in terms of the bodily structures and biochemical processes that cause behaviour. This paper attempts to examine the similarities and differences between the psychoanalytic perspective and the biological perspective with the key focus on the core assumptions and features of these perspectives as well as their individual strengths and weaknesses.
Shi, Zhenyu and Bureau, Jean-Francois (2012). Childhood Maltreatment and Prospectively Observed Quality of Early Care as Predictors of Antisocial Personality Disorder Features
In a country based around free will, the United States contains a vast variety of personalities and behaviors. Plenty of people, probably more than we know, exert abnormal behavior. Abnormal behavior is patterns of emotion, thought, and action that are considered pathological. Historically, people blame witchcraft for this eccentric type of behavior and tended to perform exorcisms in hopes of abolishing such actions. Anxiety disorders and personality disorders, two forms of abnormal behavior, can alter a person’s personality as a result of life experiences.
Medical Model attributes mental illness to physiological, biological or genetic causes. ( Mental Healthcare, 2013) Genetic factors suggest that psychopathology is inherited from parent, through genes. Genes contain instructions for the function of each cell in the body and are sometimes responsible for how we look, act, and think. While, biology causes relates mental illnesses to an abnormal balance of brain chemicals called neurotransmitter. When neurotransmitter.is damaged, messages may not make it through to the brain correctly, or cause injury to certain areas of the brain, leading to symptoms of mental illness. Biological science has also given insight into the causes of some conditions, such as GPI and Alzheimer's disease. (McLeod, 2014) ((Hungerford,2009)
In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology,
Between the mid-19th century and the mid-20th century scientific progress was growing steadily. Two scientists, Darwin and Freud, made significant contributions to their field. Both scientists developed theories which altered the way people thought in many ways. Between 1850 and 1950, traditional ways of thinking about religion, morality, and human behavior were changed by both Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud.