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Biopsychosocial model
Biopsychosocial Model-Psychiatric and Psychological
Biopsychosocial Model-Psychiatric and Psychological
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It is generally accepted within healthcare that to understand mental health we must adopt the biopsychosocial model. This model assumes that an interdependent relationship exists between biological, psychological and social factors which are involved in all aspects of mental health (Toates, 2010, p. 14). To be true to the model research must be holistic and not investigate the factors in isolation. Key terms will be defined and a review of the research in the literature will be performed to assess the extent to which it adheres to the biopsychosocial model. The conclusion will take an overview of these findings and determine that most research is not truly biopsychosocial and attempt to explain why. Mental health can be seen as a continuum where illnesses are defined as patterns of behaviour that cause psychological suffering, distress and disability preventing adequate functioning with the potential of risk of harm to the self or others (Martins-Mourao, 2010, p. 92). Research is defined as systematic investigation in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions (OUP, 2014). The biopsychosocial model has already been described. Research can be quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative research is objective and involves measuring the phenomena under investigation. Qualitative research is subjective, explores experiences and feelings, and involves the recording of phenomena that cannot easily be quantified (Toates, 2010, pp. 5-6). Both are empirical since they involve data collection (OU, n.d.). Most of the research in the literature is quantitative, a significant amount of which is biomedical. A common approach is animal studies which are limited in what they can tell us about the human condition. Rat models a... ... middle of paper ... ...ontent/1/Identifying%20Scientific%20Articles_250913.pdf (Accessed on 9th May 2014). Oxford University Press (2014) Oxford Dictionaries [online]. Available at http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/research (accessed 8th May 2014). Toates, F. (2010) ‘Explanations in mental health’ in SDK228 The science of the mind: investigating mental health, Book 1, Core concepts in mental health, Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 1-28. Toates, F. (2010) ‘Brains, bodies, behaviour and minds’ in SDK228 The science of the mind: investigating mental health, Book 1, Core concepts in mental health, Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 29-90. Toates, F. (2010) ‘The nature of addictions: scientific evidence and personal accounts’ in SDK228 The science of the mind: investigating mental health, Book 3, Addictions, Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp. 1-30.
How can at least two elements of the SEEP model be used to explain why it is important to look at more than just biological factors to understand mental health problems?
Koob, G. F., & Simon, E. J. (2009). The Neurobiology of Addiction: Where We Have Been and Where We Are Going. NCBI, 115-132. Retrieved APRIL 26, 2014, from www.ncbi.nih.nlm.go/pmc/articles/PMC2901107
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Westen, D., Burton, L., & Kowalski, R. (2006). Psychology: Australian and New Zealand edition. Milton, Australia: John Wiley & Sons.
Saundra K. Ciccarelli, J. Noland White. “Psychology”. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2006
According to Smith (1983) quantitative research is to explain, predict and develop laws that can be universally applied and Qualitative research is the interpretation and understanding of what people give to their situation. The researchers clearly stated the purpose of their studies, aim, objectiv...
Psychology AS – The Complete Companion, Cardwell, M. & Flanagan, C. 2005. Nelson Thornes Limited.
According to the C.D.C ( Centers for Disease Control) the term mental health is commonly used in reference to mental illness. However, knowledge in the field has advanced to a level that completely separates the two terminologies. But even so mental health and mental illness are indeed in fact related, they represent different psychological state of mind with in a person. Mental health refers to our physical and emotional well being. Mental health is mainly all about how we behave, interact, and think. It c...
Wade, C. & Travis C. (2012). Invitation to Psychology (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Publishing.
Psychology as a discipline has continued to grow and make significant contributions to the study and understanding of human behaviour. One aspect of psychology that has made momentous contributions to the discipline is clinical psychology. According to the American Psychological Association website, the field of clinical psychology is “a general practice and health service provider specialty in professional psychology.” Therefore, it is the job of the clinical psychologist to ‘assess, diagnose, predict, prevent and treat psychopathology, mental disorders and other individual or group problems to improve behaviour adjustment, adaptation, personal effectiveness and satisfaction.’ With a definition like this, it is no wonder the honours that the field is given as it speaks mainly to abnormal behaviours and mental illnesses, something that psychology in general is notorious for.
There are two types of research, the first qualitative; an in-depth broad investigation, detailed analysis looking at opinions, the data collected will be rich, and will have understandings. This, according to Bell (2010, p.5) is “concerned to understand individuals perceptions of the world”
Biospsychosocial describes the interaction between the biological, psychological, and social realm within an individual. “The developmental sciences recognize a need for integrating the sociological, psychological, and biobehavioral approaches to understand developmental concerns” (Ashford, 2013, p. 20). The biological refers to the physical body and its genetics, health status and reactions to drugs. The psychological refers to the cognitive, emotional and coping mechanisms. The social refers to one’s culture, personal social skills and support system. Together, all these make up the biospsychosocial in assessing a person and their environment.
In general, mental health has been defined as multifaceted based on six dimensions behavioral, cognitive, socio-political, effective, spiritual and psychological. In addition, mental health comprise of spiritual and emotional resilience that help an individual to continue surviving after sadness, disappointments and pains have occurred(Thomas, 2016). However, mental illness in refers to a mental health problem that involves the changes in
The main cause of mental illness has been confusing because there are multiple components of causes with various correlates. In order to make clear of this confusion, the present essay explores the causes of mental illness primarily found inside the individual, outside the individual and is a combination of the two. It is concluded that the causes of mental illness are primarily found a combination of the inside and outside causes.
Mental disorders which falls under the umbrella of Abnormal psychology can be attributed to the ability to treat and diagnose mental disorders. Based on advances such as the development of the scientific method psychologists are now able to fully and efficiently attribute the causes of mental disorders to physical and unphysical traits. The process i...