Change is an inevitable aspect when conducting business; crisis and respective unforeseen events too are an intrinsic facet and learning opportunity for organizational progress (Heath, 2001). During times of crisis public relations is an imperative supportive component to overall managerial activity involving a four-step process inclusive of analysis, strategic planning, implementation and evaluation (Ledingham and Bruning, 2000) in application of a broader practice beyond the immediate crisis with forethought to the future of the organization as a whole. To be an effective crisis management tactic, such a communications approach must be inter-departmental, to support the executive initiatives to define the reputational image and re-establish long-term relationships with key publics (Atkins, Bates, and Drennan, 2006). It is crucial to serve the best-interest and welfare of all involved stakeholders (Valackiene, 2010) and function as a strategic management tool in effort to uphold foundational organizational activities (Grunig and Grunig, 1998), whilst identifying factors including social, political, economic variance. Public relations theorist Grunig further identifies the important role of public relations as a (crisis) managerial function to provide grand merit to key publics, fueled with ethical and social responsibility in the best interest of said publics (2006). When defining appropriate courses of action in the presentation of key messages, “apologia” a rhetorical technique is frequently employed to cope in crises situations (Smith, 2009), utilized repair image or defend oneself; and in the delivery of such messaging it is imperative to exude morality and trustworthiness (Khors Schultz, and Huxman, 2003). Cutlip, Center ...
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Trautman, T. D., 2001. Risk Communication: The Perceptions and Realities. Food Additives & Contaminants. Available at: http://ehis.ebscohost.com/eds/detail?vid=4&sid=8bac7563-bf84-485d-a852-8ddfef45 30 8d%40ses sionmgr113&hid=107&bdata=Jn NpdGU9ZWR zLWxpdmU%3d# db=a9h&A N= 5531537 [Accessed: November 22, 2013]
Valackiene, A., 2010. Efficient Corporate Communication: Decisions in Crisis Management. Engineering Economics. [Accessed November 8, 2013]. Available at: http://ehis.ebscohost.com/eds /detail?sid= 5d3d 5639-43fd-4099-9c7a-69d0473c78d3%40sessionm gr12&vid=1&hid =16&bdata=JnN pdGU9ZWRzL Wxp dmU%3d#db=bth&AN=49572799 [Accessed: November 23, 2013]
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This essay revolves around this incident and BP’s response, and analyses the effectiveness of BP’s crisis communication with relevant theories and concepts in the area of communication management. This essay
In an audit conducted with the global athletic apparel brand, Lululemon, it was found that multiple public relations theories could be applied to its communications with both internal and external publics. Two prominent theories found through analysis of the crises dealt with by the company were the agenda setting theory and the semiotics theory. As Lululemon has faced crisis in the media on multiple occasions, these theories suggest which public relations techniques worked, and alternatively which didn’t.
Customers/Consumers were worried about the changes in the market for food and drugs because they no longer had a single clue of what was in their products. Food production was moving from household prepared to general markets. As food markets became more refined due to the improvement of technology. The difficulty in discerning the quality of their product heightened. With new and quicker ways make food, fears of the ingredients that the foods consisted grew. Preservatives and chemicals also instilled a concern to consumers. Health officials, chemists, and other individuals tested and proved the dangers of these new additives.
Metzger, Sarah. "The Human Side of Safe Food." Livestrong. Livestrong Foundation, 16 Aug. 2013. Web. 21 Feb. 2014. .
Consumers are becoming more aware of the food they eat each and everyday. They are label conscio...
The discipline of public relations is a modern profession which has been in existence for only close to a century; however, it has already taken an important role in the fields of business, government, entertainment and non-profit organizations including educational institutions and healthcare organizations. Public relations professionals are required to have excellent organizational, interpersonal and communication skills and have the ability to persuade the public. It is imperative for PR professionals to effectively communicate with its public in order to establish and maintain a positive relationship. Furthermore, public relations professionals must have the ability to work under pressure and effectively manage crisis which may have detrimental effect on the company and the public it serves. State purpose of paper and an overview of what will be covered in the introduction
..., Crisis communication failures: The BP Case Study, International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, Issue 2, March-April 2013, accessed 28 March 2014,
The communication process is not something that begins when a crisis rears its ugly head rather it is a process that takes place in preparing for a crisis before it happens. While the term crisis represents a blanket term used to describe many situations, each situation is unique, thus presenting different obstacles to overcome. However, with a well-established advanced plan in place an organization places itself in a position to overcome and work around obstacles. The development of a comprehensive crisis management plan is one achieved through effective communication where each member of the crisis management team has an advanced shared understanding of his or her role and responsibility during a time of crisis (du Pr'e, 2005).
Managing a Crisis Using Public Relations Handling Public Relations for any organization can be very difficult. task in any circumstance - even in simple, non-crisis situations. When a crisis strikes, that's when PR managers really have their work. cut out for them to see. A PR manager must always be prepared for the inevitable crisis to happen because that is when their jobs are really tested by the public and the organization.
In the evaluation of strategic management of public relations, both concepts of risk communication and situational theory can be integrated into the above-mentioned model. Risk communication is an ongoing process that builds the foundation for crisis communication. Particularly, the risk analysis process consists of hazard identification, risk assessment, significance of risks and communicating risk information.
Companies have to distinguish themselves in different ways if they are to have a good reputation and this can be done through their communication strategies. In a time of crisis the company’s reputation is threatened and the communication strategies used will save or hurt the firm’s reputation. Before creating communication strategies, companies ought to identify their stakeholders. Appendix 3 illustrates the different stakeholders of a company.
The response to food scares can be incredibly slow and cause incredible damage to the companies and to the government. When a food scare hits, David Edward writes that companies turn to in-house scientists when dealing with food scares. By doing this, companies have more control over the information of the risk of the product. Although, when information is revealed to be faulty, mistrust comes between the consumer and the scientific community. Consumers are not always sure if their food is safe and can play both the victim and the aggressor, according to Edwards. Consumers tend to rank risks higher than scientists do. A known risk is less scary than a risk of the unknown. Because of this fact, the consumer is not pacified by the scientific facts released by scientists, especially if they had been mislead by scientists before. The natural survival instinct gives consumers concerns when it comes to hazards associated with risk to future generations. Finally, the “Hitchcock Factor” makes consumers become nervous if a risk involves the unknown or is difficult to quantify. The media portrayal of widespread food-borne illness can cause widespread panic, when unnecessary. The media wants to read the feelings of consumers but at the same time want to make a good story and can therefore tend to scare consumers
Today, public relations is a complex profession by thousands of thousands of people all the world to practice. Almost all large and small organizations have their own public relations department or they need to outsource their public relations to a company. Public relations practitioners work for schools and universities, companies, governments, professional and trade associations, hospitals, hotels, non-profit charities, and other else more (Grunig, 2001). Therefore, PR is an important department for organizations.