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Compare and contrast between qualitative and quantitative method
Compare and contrast between qualitative and quantitative method
Essay question compare qualitative and quantitative methods
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When conducting research one of the most important parts of the process is the documentation that is kept when doing such research. Along with all the testing, sampling, and data collections, researchers should be responsible to create a research report for every study completed. This documentation is kept in the records and archives of the research facility or sponsor, for journaling and publishing. These reports can later be used by consumers, students, teachers, and any other interested party that is in need of the findings. The following paper will discuss and describe the stages of research for the qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research methods.
Conceptual Consideration: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
Dominant
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Sampling is rather straight forward when it comes to each method. With Quantitative research, it is entirely about numbers, so a researcher is going to want to get as many participants as possible so that they have a good sampling pool of candidate to choose from. He or she may do this by sending out surveys to every NRA member to do a gun safety research study, or surveying and testing an entire grade level for research purposes. It really all depends on what they are looking to research. With mixed methods it can be a mixture of both, quantitative and qualitative. A research has the freedom to decide which way is best for their study. When doing qualitative research the researcher’s pool of participants is very small. It may only be 5 or sometimes even 1 or 2 participants. That also will depend on which kind of qualitative study the researcher is doing, phenomenological or …show more content…
For Qualitative research a researcher can use questions such as “what can be”, “what are the”, or comparative questions which seek to compare two or more groups on some outcome variable using such words as “differ” or “compares”. In Mixed methods the researcher will pose questions that combine or mix both qualitative and quantitative research questions in order to necessitate both types of data that is analyzed concurrently, sequentially, or iteratively (Onwuegbuzie, & Frels, 2015). Lastly with Qualitative research the researcher asks open ended questions. The questions will address ideas of what and how and comprise the main idea of what topic the researcher is looking for. For example “What do researcher look for when they are conducting research?’. “How does it make you feel to know the information you know”. Open ended questions that able the researcher to gain observations for
Qualitative research methods are divided into five major types of research which are: phenomenology, ethnography, case study research, grounded theory and historical research. Each of these methods are similar as they are each qualitative approaches, however, there are distinct characteristics associated with each type of research.
The questions before today’s researchers are how to apply qualitative research, and when to supplant it with either quantitative research or a mixture of the two.
There has been a debate over which tradition of methodology, qualitative or quantitative, can provide a better explanation while conducting social science research. Qualitative research provides in-depth case-by-case studies while quantitative, generates broader arguments accommodating a large number of cases. Many social scientists may be naturally qualitative analysts and their expertise could lie predominantly in such field (Mahoney and Goertz, 2006). Quantitative analysis, on the other hand, is preferred when the researchers want to observe common patterns among several different cases. However, both quantitative and qualitative analyses ask questions differently which may lead to different explanations, although they may be examining
...questions, and allow for pre-constructed hypotheses to be tested in order to answer the ‘how’ questions. || Secondly, the mixed research bridges the gap between the two methodologies, creating a complementary relationship. The findings of the research are now better supported with the generation of numbers to back narratives and vice versa, painting a fuller picture to portray to and convince the intended research audience. || Thirdly, it allows for a larger quantity and more complex questions to be answered, as the complement would balance out the limitations of both researches. Researcher would not be required to give up one for the other when faced with the selection of research paradigms or methodologies. || The advantages of the mixed method would eventually provide stronger evidences for the conclusion of the research through the corroboration of the findings.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
This essay intends to compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of the quantitative and qualitative approaches to research which addresses young people and bullying using two journal articles. The first article (quantitative) aims to “establish the relationship between recurrent peer victimisation and the onset of reported symptoms of anxiety or depression in the early teen years” (Bond et al. 2001, p. 480) while the second article (qualitative) aims to “investigate the nature of teenage girls’ indirect aggression” (Owens et al. 2000, p. 70).The two articles will be critically compared in terms of research design, methods used, approach to data analysis, reported results and the plausibility and appropriateness of the conclusions and recommendations posed. The aim of this essay is thus to evaluate and assess the methods of social science research currently undertaken in published research.
There are several definitions of Mixed method research, a study by Johnson et al. (2007) found that mixed methods research has been defined in 19 different ways. Prominent among those definition includes that of Creswell and Clark (2007) defines Mixed method research as research in which data collection and analysis are to integrate the findings and draw influences using both qualitative and quantitative approaches or methods in a single study or inquiry. The emphasis on the definition is “integrate “, ascertaining that, many scholars believe that mixing or integration happens at different stages of the research process. Similarly, Tashakkori and Teddlie (2010), defines mixed methods research as a type of research design in which QUAL and QUAN ( qualitative and quantitative) approaches are used in research questions, methods, data collection and analysis procedures, or in inferences. Different Challenges facing MMM which will be discussed in the next
….both quantitative and qualitative research are important and useful. The goal of mixed methods research is not to replace either of these approaches but rather to draw from the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of both in single research studies and across studies.
The first main reason of choosing mixed methods research is that multiple methods research can minimize the gap of missing data from qualitative and quantitative methods approaches. As McLaughlin (1991) explains in his paper that in most cases, researchers use qualitative research approach to discover some findings after conducting quantitative research. Some researchers deploy quantitative method after conducting qualitative method research, prior to complete with gaps of data analysis (McLaughlin, 1991, pp.303-304).
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, 3rd Edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Qualitative studies are slightly different in that they do not use large cohorts and they are not analyzing large data sets. Qualitative studies also look to answer question “why”. They use smaller numbers but go more in-depth with the small group they have. “In contrast, qualitative research involves looking at characteristics, or qualities, that cannot easily be reduced to numerical values. A qualitative researcher typically aims to examine the many nuances and complexities of a particular phenomenon” (Leedy & Ormrod, 2010, p. 94). Qualitative and Quantitative studies can be used separately or together in a mixed methodology.
Chapter four and five in Creswell (2013) helped me realize how important it is to focus on one type of qualitative research. This leads to writing a coherent paper in the approach chosen. It was also interesting to learn that because subjective and objective experiences, phenomenology lies somewhere in between both qualitative and quantitative research.
Sekaran and Bougie (2011) stated that each member of population has a known zero probability to be selected as sample subjects. For this study, researcher used a probability sampling method where all the respondents in population have a probability to be chosen as a subject.
According to Sarantakos (2005;37) qualitative method adopts a subjective perception of reality and employs a naturalistic type of inquiry, so as this is the case, I best believe that this methodology its best suitable for this study because the answers we require from our participants are constructive and discussable, something that the participants will be able to express as their own views, expressions, and experiences, instead of just limiting them by just giving them “yes” and “no” options for them to answer.
, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed methods research: A research paradigm whose time has come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14–26