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Impacts of europeans on native americans
Impacts of europeans on native americans
European effect on native american culture
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The introduction of of European materials, tools, and techniques transformed Native American art aesthetically as well as it’s role within Native culture. European technology produced goods that made Native American art easier to create and allowed Native American art to become more elaborate and detailed. However, the distinctive styles of each unique tribes’ art was diluted as the tribes obtained the same European materials rather than what was native to the land they lived on. in many cases European encounter caused Native American artwork to become less culturally significant; For instance, many crafts that held religious ceremonial roles, or served spiritual symbolism, became available to anyone, as a greater emphasis on its economic …show more content…
Prior to European contact Native Americans created beads out of many materials: Rock, Bone and teeth are among the most common. Beads were carved and shaped of animal horn, turtle shell, Animal claws, and wood. Dyed porcupine quills were seen as very beautiful and were used to a decorate clothing, bags and other objects such as pipes. The earliest record of glass beads in the Americas is from 1492; Columbus recorded that the indigenous people of San Salvador Island were given European beads. Glass beads came in many vibrant colors, that the Native Americans could not create with their technology. The pre made beads were much easier to use than quills, which had to be obtained from the animal, washed, dried, dyed and sorted. Beads had the same atheistic appeal but were much easier to work with. Therefore, beads became a necessity for trading with Native Americans. In 1778, English explorer, Captain James Cook implied it was difficult to obtain furs from the Native Americans without particular …show more content…
This expansion coincided with the development of better forms of travel such as trains and steamboats which could bring travelers to destinations they would not have previously been able to reach. These new modes of transportation provided a trade route for handmade indigenous goods to find their way into private collections in Aristocratic European and white American homes. European Museums also began to exhibit the exotic “curios” and crafts. These trade items, representative of the indigenous culture, became an important factor in promoting tourism; they were not only useful as commodities for trade and art objects for collectors, but also as curios for
This book is complete with some facts, unfounded assumptions, explores Native American gifts to the World and gives that information credence which really happened yet was covered up and even lied about by Euro-centric historians who have never given the Indians credit for any great cultural achievement. From silver and money capitalism to piracy, slavery and the birth of corporations, the food revolution, agricultural technology, the culinary revolution, drugs, architecture and urban planning our debt to the indigenous peoples of America is tremendous. With indigenous populations mining the gold and silver made capitalism possible. Working in the mines and mints and in the plantations with the African slaves, they started the industrial revolution that then spread to Europe and on around the world. They supplied the cotton, rubber, dyes, and related chemicals that fed this new system of production. They domesticated and developed the hundreds of varieties of corn, potatoes, cassava, and peanuts that now feed much of the world. They discovered the curative powers of quinine, the anesthetizing ability of coca, and the potency of a thousand other drugs with made possible modern medicine and pharmacology. The drugs together with their improved agriculture made possible the population explosion of the last several centuries. They developed and refined a form of democracy that has been haphazardly and inadequately adopted in many parts of the world. They were the true colonizers of America who cut the trails through the jungles and deserts, made the roads, and built the cities upon which modern America is based.
In order to study and understand American Indian art, one must also be familiar with their customs and beliefs. Many of the artworks have fabulous stories behind them that were crucial in forming the Native American culture. For these people, culture and art go hand in hand and is therefore impossible to know one without the other. The same is true for almost any other kind of artwork. In order to really appreciate a work of art one must have background knowledge of the society who formed and shaped it.
of Native American Culture as a Means of Reform,” American Indian Quarterly 26, no. 1
Throughout ancient history, many indigenous tribes and cultures have shown a common trait of being hunter/gatherer societies, relying solely on what nature had to offer. The geographical location influenced all aspects of tribal life including, spirituality, healing philosophy and healing practices. Despite vast differences in the geographical location, reports show various similarities relating to the spirituality, healing philosophy and healing practices of indigenous tribal cultures.
In his essay, “The Indians’ Old World,” Neal Salisbury examined a recent shift in the telling of Native American history in North America. Until recently, much of American history, as it pertains to Native Americans; either focused on the decimation of their societies or excluded them completely from the discussion (Salisbury 25). Salisbury also contends that American history did not simply begin with the arrival of Europeans. This event was an episode of a long path towards America’s development (Salisbury 25). In pre-colonial America, Native Americans were not primitive savages, rather a developing people that possessed extraordinary skill in agriculture, hunting, and building and exhibited elaborate cultural and religious structures.
Talking Back to Civilization , edited by Frederick E. Hoxie, is a compilation of excerpts from speeches, articles, and texts written by various American Indian authors and scholars from the 1890s to the 1920s. As a whole, the pieces provide a rough testimony of the American Indian during a period when conflict over land and resources, cultural stereotypes, and national policies caused tensions between Native American Indians and Euro-American reformers. This paper will attempt to sum up the plight of the American Indian during this period in American history.
Christopher Columbus is profoundly known to be the key asset to advance European culture across seas. The Columbian Exchange, colonization, and the growth of slave usage throughout the usage of the Triangular Trade, all conveyed foreign practices to the American Continent while also interrupting, but at the same time joining with the lifestyles of the inhabitants of these lands. A mixture of processes and voyagers transformed America into a “new world”, catching the world by surprise. America would not have developed to the period in existence today, if it was not for this growing period of the “old” and “new” worlds. A global world is in continuation through today as nations continue to share cultural
There are consistent patterns or themes regarding Native American world views and the differentiation of cultural elements and society. Native Americans retained control of institutional and cultural orders against the assimilation effort because all aspects of Native American societies are interrelated, guided by the broader cultural world views. Each cultural or institutional element is, in fact, overlapped with other elements, so change in one element inevitably affects the broader cultural and social complex. While adopting to a new environment and small changes was possible in the West, where social and cultural elements are separate from each other, Native Americans were faced with conflicts and a potential, large disruption of the existing social orders.
Did you know that the Ancient Indian people of the Southwestern United States have dated back to the year 10,000 BC? First appearing toward the end of the last Ice Age, they were the first “Americans.” (Noble, 1998) When Christopher Columbus arrived in the America’s in 1492 and seeing the people of this land for the first time, he thought that he had landed in India, thus giving them the name “Indians.” (Noble, 1998) However, he was nowhere near India, or that region of the world. Because the Ancient Indians were nomadic people, (people who wondered the lands with no permanent home) through the years they developed, separated, and re-located their clans, developing into what we know today as the American Indian. One group or tribe, are the Hopi Indians. Although the Hopi are still a tribe today, mostly living in Arizona, their population, traditions, skills, and crafts have dwindled throughout the years. Let us sit back, relax, and explore the ancestor’s of the Hopi tribe and learn about their traditions, skill, and crafts.
together for the better of the shared children. The women had a say in how they would help
When the Europeans explored the Americas, they were introduced to new plants, foods, and animals, as well as riches and land. Foods such as corn, white and sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, cacao, fruits, peppers, peanuts, sugar cane, and tobacco were many of the new foods enjoyed by Europeans. Some animals such as wild turkeys, llamas, and alpacas, were brought back to Europe. Native American Indians traded furs with the Europeans, which were luxury items throughout Europe. The discovery of lands rich in gold, silver, and other treasures prompted the conquistadors to launch expeditions to the Americas, while reports of newly discovered lands abundant in resources, lured many other Europeans to the Americas in search of a new and better life.
During the Woodland period, a beautiful tradition flourished involving distinguishable earthworks and unique, detailed artwork. The society that built these traditions is known as the Hopewell culture. Stemming from the Adena tribes, the Hopewell culture is diffused by the sharing of ideas common to their certain way of life (Roza 2005). The interaction sphere that became the Hopewell culture and tradition grew to connect across the entire North Eastern United States. In this paper, the traditions and ideas that bound the Hopewell culture together will be investigated.
It wasn’t until later that designs and symbols appeared on pottery. “Anglos have long struggled to find meaning in these designs, but Indians are reluctant to verbalize their meanings” (Peterson 1997). Pottery also became popular to the Native Americans among burials and ceremonial rituals. “The use of pottery can be recognized in a religious and social context long before Columbus' arrival in America in 1492 and the Spanish conquest in 1540” (Peterson 1997). Pottery was created almost accidentally, by using the hard mud to line the outside of baskets. Once the baskets lined in the mud were put over a fire, the basket burned leaving the hard outer layer of clay. Interestingly enough, Native Americans never used a pottery wheel. All it was used for was for transporting tools that the Natives used, but never for the pottery itself. In due time, different Native Amer...
History plays a very important role in the development of art and architecture. Over time people, events, and religion, have contributed to the evolution of art. Christianity has become a very common and well established religion, however, in the past it was hidden and a few people would worship this religion secretly. Gradually, Christianity became a growing religion and it attracted many converts from different social statuses. Christian art was highly influenced by the Greco-Romans, but it was immensely impacted by the establishment of the Edict of Milan in the year 313 AD. The Edict of Milan was so significant that scholars divide Christian art into two time periods, time before and after the Edict of Milan of 313.
The consumption of goods by tourists while being on holiday is an essential subject in the tourism industry. Souvenirs are seen as universal elements of traveling (Swanson, 2012) and are looked upon as objects tourists can bring back home to remind them of their activities during their holiday, trying to make an intangible experience tangible through the purchasing of these artifacts (Litrell, 1993). Furthermore, souvenirs represent the notion of trying to prolong the travel experience (Swanson, 2004). The phenomena of collecting souvenirs while being away from home is rather nothing new. In fact, according to Swanson (2012), there are records going back to the time of ancient Egyptians, Romans, and later explorer-travelers who would bring mementos back from their journeys. Nowadays, the most typical souvenirs that tourists will collect can be categorized into groups. According to Gordon (1986), five groups of souvenir types exist: pictorial souvenirs (e.g. postcards), piece-of-the-rock souvenirs (natural elements collected), iconic souvenirs (items that evoke a message about the place they come from), markers (e.g. t-shirts with the name of the destination) and local product souvenirs (items indigenous to the area).