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Multiculturalism in Malaysia
Multiculturalism in Malaysia
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3. Factor that shape my cultural identity in Malaysia: Education, Language, and Custom
In acculturation process in Malaysia, the non-dominant group was allowed to integrate into dominant group culture in state of Malaysia and maintain our heritage culture in Malaysia’s acculturation process. Therefore, most of the Chinese in Malaysia still practicing Chinese ways in term of religion, language and culture as it had develop me as a Malaysian Chinese.
Education:
Education in term of philosophical system can be the dominant factor in shaping my cultural identity as education promotes nation-building and patriotism in individual (Brown, 2007). Education determines my culture by teaching me the fundamental belief and value and relationship rule which had taught me well in my work ethic. In order to define the Chinese ethnic group in Malaysia, the need to define the Chinese culture education which is origin from fellow Asian country is essential. The education of Chinese in China is greatly emphasis with Confucianism study (Faure & Fang, 2008). Confucianism emphasis on five code of ethics: the relationship in understanding between parent and kid, conformity to orders between elders and youngers and reciprocal faith between friends (Faure & Fang, 2011; Grumbine & Xu, 2011). The four principles: Ren (Kindness), Li (Manners), Yi (Righteousness) and Zi (Wisdom) which derived from the code of ethics of Confucianism. These are the values and practices that defined by Confucian were vital in development of my culture during my primary school. In history, Confucianism embedded through formal syllabuses of East Asia education system during China dynasties and other country like Korea and Japan for centuries (Faure & Fang, 2008). Today, the phi...
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...en in symbol-based (Fang & Faure, 2011; Grumbine & Xu, 2011). In Malaysia, the official national language is Malay which is also language of the dominant ethnic group, Malay. The privilege of being Malaysian is that we did not have to assimilate into dominant group of this society. This enables us can to retain our mother tongue language Mandarin Chinese through education plus all the dialect which is all widely spoken for Malaysian Chinese. This is even applicable to those Chinese educated for other ethnic group (Azizan, 2013). I am trilingual which I can interact in Chinese, English, and Malay with Malaysian. As diverse culture country, globalisation had greater impact on Malaysia as some of Malaysian Chinese did prefer to speak international language English or national language if he/she first preference language is not Chinese (Azizan, 2013; Wan Husin, 2013).
INTRODUCTION Confucianism is regarded as one of the primary religions that have profoundly influenced Chinese beliefs and ideologies. While Kongzi, or Confucius, is the founder of Confucianism, he is not the only philosopher who has contributed to such a significant impact on China. Similarly, the Analects of Confucius is not the single text that represents Confucianism. In fact, during different time periods throughout the history, there are a number of eminent representatives of Confucian thoughts, such as Mengzi and Xunzi. Because Confucianism aims at eliminating chaos and maintaining order in a harmonious society, they all agree that the guidance and education of virtuous Confucian pioneers are of extreme importance to achieve this goal.
My cultural identity, is Haitian American. My parents come from a country of beautiful landscape and valleys of the hidden treasures of knowledge, diverse people, and rustic towns. My parents walked up steep plateaus for water, laid in grassy plains for peace, and dive into the sea for cooling in Haiti’s humid heat. Although, I come from a culture of deep history, the first country to gain independence in the result of a successful slave rebellion, my parents knew the plague of suffering Haiti’s battle with will not recover through the poverty, unemployment, and illiteracy. As Haiti fought through its demons, my parents fought to provide plentiful opportunity for their family and immigrated to the United States of America.
Confucianism is a philosophy and way of life formed in China by Confucius, an early Chinese philosopher. It began as a simple concept with ideals of personal virtue, simple filial piety, and basic gender distinctions and social inequalities. But, over time with the emergence of Neo-Confucianism it began to transform into a way of life that was degrading towards women with certain hostilities towards rivaling religions. In its early period, from around 500 B.C.E to the Common Era, Confucianism changed in that it became the leading belief system and a major part of Chinese tradition. From the transition into the Common Era to the end of the Classical time period, Confucianism was altered because of a loss of popularity following the collapse of the Han dynasty and the corruption in the governing political system. In its ending period, the post-classical era, Confucianism underwent perhaps its biggest adjustments with the emergence of Neo-Confucianism. The ideas and virtues presented in the “rebirth of Confucian philosophies” of intolerance of foreign religions and extreme filial piety...
Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (Shubro). The core being humanism, is believing that human beings are “teachable, improvable and perfectible through personal and communal endeavor especially including self-cultivation and self-creation.” ("Confucianism,") Confucianism emphasizes the importance of the family, reverence for elders, rituals, and the value of education. The Chinese people who follow the Confucianism tend to be very traditional and extremely well known in the society or the elite class. They focus more on education and show great respect towards their family and friends and elder persons. The bond among it’s followers tends to be very strong in nature believe on moving forward together.
I classify my race, ethnicity, and culture as a white, Irish-Italian- American, woman. My mother was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland and my paternal grandparents are from Sicily, Italy. I imagine being first generation Irish and second generation Italian helps me relate with my ethnicity.
Even though Confucianism was developed and influenced in China, but it also has affected a lot of Asian descendants in other countries, such as Korea and Japan, and shaped the ethnic,social, political areas of Asian cultures(Huang & Gove, 2012, P. 392). Confucius also bought up some philosophical beliefs about family education, and made up the influence of the value of education. Under the influence of Confucianism, Mao, the founding father of China, made a catchword about that education is important for human being. Every families in China paid more attention in family education and school education in order to achieved a better world of China. Based on Confucianism, Asian society and families believe that success is attributed to education achievement. Most Asian descendants regret that educational achievement leads to a better life and higher social status,such as getting a good job, or a better marriage and relationships(cited form Cheon, 2006). In other words, confucianism is the cultural belief system which leads to education become central part to most Asian families’s daily lives. Therefore, Confucianism is the root of cultural factor why Asian American have higher achievement on education. It is because Asian culture makes the families think highly of
In today’s society there are many words that are used or said without giving it complete thought. For example, the word “identity” is something to which I have never really given much thought or even considered how I identify myself.
Confucianism is a moral and religious system of China. Its origins go back to the Analects, the sayings attributed to Confucius, and to ancient writings, including that of Mencius. Confucius was born a mandarin under the name Kongzi. It was developed around 550 B.C. In its earliest form Confucianism was primarily a system of ethical concepts for the control of society. It saw man as a social creature that is bound to his fellow men by jen, or “humanity.” Jen is expressed through the five relationships—sovereign and subject, parent and child, elder and younger brother, husband and wife, and friend and friend. Of these, the filial relation is most important.
One’s cultural identity consists of their race, gender, socioeconomic status, age, religion, and so on. Being aware of your own cultural identity is just as important as being aware of other’s. People’s cultural identity defines who they are, the privilege (or lack of privilege) they receive, and how society views them. It is important to understand that White individuals have more privileges than individuals of color. White individuals do not experience detriment and difficulties due specifically to their skin color and instead receive advantages. White privilege is defined as benefits that white individuals have that people of color do not (Kendall, 2012). The following walks through my personal cultural background, how it was shaped, defined, and developed, and limitations to my personal competencies.
Who am I; my beliefs, values, morals, and views on society have assisted in molding me into the person that I am considered to be today. I was raced with specifics values, traditions, and norms. Being raised in a small town made being socially aware very easy. I was raised under the southern Baptist Christian religion. Church was always the same and it had a majority of women in attendance although the men and elderly people ran the church overall. It was always the same, repetitive habits and events that occurred in my town but after a while I became accustomed to always being near or known by others.
My culture identity, as I know it as is African American. My culture can be seen in food, literature, religion, language, the community, family structure, the individual, music, dance, art, and could be summed up as the symbolic level. Symbolic, because faith plays a major role in our daily lives through song, prayer, praise and worship. When I’m happy I rely on my faith, same as when I’m sad, for I know things will get better as they have before.
Having a strong foundation is something that has been passed down from our ancestors post slavery, which was used to help my family form their ethnic identity as African Americans. Ethnicity refers to a social group’s distinct sense of belongingness as a result of common culture and descent (Organista, Marin, & Chun, 2010). This influenced my family to raise me with awareness of family structure, old fashion southern culture, and valuable beliefs that molded me into the woman that I am today. Along with my family’s ethnic identity, I also have my own self -identity, which is my identity as a mother and a student. However, my family’s ethnic identity along with my own self-identity was not always seen as socially excepted or
Confucianism has had a major influence on Chinese social, political and economic life for more than 2000 years. Confucius was the most innovative and respected philosopher in Chinese history. His ideas have been the strongest influence on China and its society. Confucius taught the value of practical ethics and social morality in order to obtain his decadent view of society. He presented the idea of perfecting the human personality by incorporating the five virtues of Jen, Li, Hsiao Ti, Chung-Su and I (Smith 1973, p 66) until the ideal of a perfect man and true gentleman is reached. Confucianism changed everything about China including the way the government ran the country and how young people were being educated. This essay will examine Confucianism as a philosophy, rather than a religion, and how it acted as a moral guide to a way of living in Chinese society in order to create cultural unification and social harmony.
What made me into the person I am today? I have asked myself this question many times before, yet it all leads back to the same concept. In fact, I came to the conclusion that it is simply a summarization of our developing years. For example, some of our biggest influences, especially in those years, are our parents and friends. Our parents help shape us into the people we are today and, in most cases, we share the same values as them. In addition, our friends are also part of the reason we are who we are. They are the first group of people we interact with and whether we mean to or not, we try to imitate them as much as we can. As a result, the three values of my personal culture that make me into who I am are respect, work ethic, and joy.
Something in my life that goes unnoticed is my identity; that being my ethnic identity. Being mixed race, there has not been a single person to ever guess my ethnicity, Jamaican/Italian/Chinese; this was especially true where I grew up in Miami, Florida. There, many assumed I was Hispanic, like most of the population. Fortunately, this allowed me to live life with little personal experience with racial bias. However, this made me lose my sense of social originality since I didn’t look or act in any iconic or modern way-I blended in. Being unconsciously forced into these other social groups due to this assumption and even just my identity in general, stole my chance to experience connection with groups of people like myself, because people tend to gravitate to others that appears like themselves.