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What is history of human resource management
How globalization affects human resources
What is history of human resource management
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Human Resource Management has progressed a great deal over the past century, and experienced a major change in form and function essentially within the past two decades. Managed by several important internal and external environmental forces, Human Resources has advanced from a large support function, with little if any bottom line impact, to what many today consider the source of continued competitive advantage for organizations operating in a global economy. With the effects of globalization and technology, organizations have started to use information systems in various functions and departments. Human resources is one of the departments that mostly use management information systems. Human resources information systems support activities such as identifying potential employees, maintaining complete records on existing employees and creating programs to develop employee’s talents and skills.
Human resources help senior management to identify the manpower requirements in order to meet the organization long term goals. Middle management uses human resources to monitor and analyze the recruitment, and compensation of employees. Operational management uses human resources to track the recruitment and placement of employees. This paper will take a look at the overall progression of human resources, its impact within an organization and current trends related to human resources.
Human Resources
The role of Human Resources was created in the 1920s, during this time managers were in charge of doing their own hiring and firing. By the year 1930 the role of managers were growing, which didn’t leave them much room to concentrate on their own responsibilities, so most managers were happy to have another person in charge of the employ...
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...oyees to work to their full potential and give them suggestions to help them improve. They often communicate with employees individually and provide them with information about their performance. One way this benefits the employee is by allowing them to create an outline of their goals and it helps the employees accomplish them. When performance appraisals are done on a regular basis, they have the potential to motivate employees to perform better.
Maintaining Work Atmosphere:
This is a very important part of the human resources department because the performance of employees is driven by the work atmosphere. A good environment is one of the benefits that the employees can expect from an efficient human resources department. A safe, clean and healthy environment can bring out the best in an employee. A friendly atmosphere gives employees job satisfaction as well.
Noe, Raymond A., et al. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2010. Print.
Lengnick-Hall M.L.; Lengnick-Hall, C.A.; Andrade, L.S.; Drake, B. 2009. “Strategic human resource management: The evolution of the field.” Human Resource Management Review, 19, pp. 64-85.
Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Balkin, D. B., & Cardy, R. L. (2007). Managing Human Resources (5th
Organizations’ other resources can be hired, retained and discarded at any time but human resources needs special treatment. It needs to be carefully hired, deserve an extra effort to retain it and requires training & development to upgrade and improve its capabilities. Other resources depreciate with the passage of time but when the human resource gains more and more experience, it becomes more beneficial for the organizations. These characteristics have brought human resources to be the central element for the success of an organization. (Mohammed, Bhatti, Jariko, and Zehri, 2013, pg. 129, para. 2)
Performance appraisals are used administratively whenever they are the basis for a decision about the employee’s work conditions, including promotions, terminations, and rewards. (Gomez-Mejia, 2012, p.223). Performance appraisals compare work performed against measurable objectives that the employee and supervisor agreed to at the beginning of the appraisal period (smallbusiness.chron.com). If the employee does not meet the objectives as agreed upon, this may have a downstream effect on their salary, chances for advancement, and it could lead to termination. The manager plays a critical role in the administrative process of the performance appraisal. When the manager conducts the performance appraisal, it must be thorough, accurate and performed on a timely basis. In a situation where the employee is terminated due to their appraisal and rating, the business might find itself having to defend its validity.
Human resource management and the organizations in which it takes place are facing challenges from a changing environment. Hiring the proper people with the appropriate skills is an essential part of maintaining the workplace. Economic issues which include downsizing, organizational culture, productivity, ethics, demographics, and diversity plays a significant role when redesigning a company 's Human Resource Department. Success in the field of Human Resource requires an update of knowledge continually. Training, certifications, hands-on experience, and tactic knowledge helps to perform a difficult redesigning task with speed and sensitivity. Human Resource actions are comprised of but not limited to equal employment, staffing, compensation, benefits, labor relations, and safety. Ethical issues are
Fisher, C., Schoefeldt, L., & Shaw, J. (1996). Human resource management. (3rd Edition). Princeton, NJ: Houghton Mifflin Company.
According to our textbook Human Resource Management (HRM) is the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees’ behavior, attitudes, and performance. “The human resources management process involves planning for, attracting, developing, and retaining employees as the HRM planning provides the rights kinds of people, in the right quantity, with the right skills, at the right time (Lussier, 2012, p. 240).” According to our textbook the typical responsibilities of the Human Resources department fall into three categories, and they are administrative services and transaction, which handle hiring employees. The second involves business partner services that focus on attracting, evolving, retaining employees by having a clear understanding
HRM comprises a set of policies designed to maximize organizational integration, Employee commitment, flexibility and quality of work. (Guest, 1987) as cited by (Armstrong, 2009) this statement entails that HRM function has policies to guide its activities, if these policies are well integrated with the strategy of the organization, it can enhance employee commitment and result in quality of work, as cited by (Armstrong, 2009) that the overall purpose of human resource management is to ensure that the organization is able to achieve success through people, however the function of HRM is affected by several other factors, this essay will look at three Internal and external environmental factors affecting HR Specialist.
Oribabor, P. E. 2000. Human Resource Management: A Strategic Approval. Human Resource Management, 9(4), 21-24.
The importance of Human Resource management is associated with the beginning of mankind. As the knowledge of survival had begun including safety, health, hunting and gathering, tribal leaders passed on the knowledge to their youth. However more advanced HRM functions were developed as early as 1000 B.C and 2000 B.C. Since the modern management theory took over, the working environment was transformed into a more friendly and safe work place. The workers were termed as most valuable resources. While some companies took the human side of employment seriously, there were others who did not find it mandatory. Hence they faced huge labor unions and factory shut downs (Henning, 2001).
In the contemporary scenario organizations rely upon technological advancement and innovation in the field of Information Technology. Human resource information system (HRIS) or human resource management system (HRMS), is basically an intersection of human resources and information technology through a HR software solution. The Human Resource Information System is software for the data entry, data tracking, and data information needs of the Human Resources, payroll, management, and accounting functions within a business. The goal of HRIS is to merge the different parts of human resource, including payroll, labor productivity, and benefit management into a less capital intensive system than the mainframes used to manage activities in the past.
Human resource is the most valuable and unique asset of an organization. The successful management of an organization’s human resource is an exciting, dynamic and challenging task , especially at a time when the world has become a global village and economies are in a state of flux. The lack of talented resource and the growing expectation of the modern day employee has further increased the difficulty of the human resource function.
Noe, Raymond A., John R. Hollenbeck, Barry Gerhart, and Patrick M. Wright. Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage. 7th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin, 2010. Print.
Whether an organization consists of five or 25,000 employees, human resources management is vital to the success of the organization. HR is important to all managers because it provides managers with the resources – the employees – necessary to produce the work for the managers and the organization. Beyond this role, HR is capable of becoming a strong strategic partner when it comes to “establishing the overall direction and objectives of key areas of human resource management in order to ensure that they not only are consistent with but also support the achievement of business goals.” (Massey, 1994, p. 27)