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Concepts of strategic human resource management
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Concepts of strategic human resource management
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Armstrong ( 2010) defined Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) as “an approach to making decisions on the intentions and plans of the organisation in the shape of the policies, programmes and practices concerning the employment relationship, resourcing, learning and development, performance management , rewards and employee relationships,” ( p. 115). There is a paradigm shift from a functional role to a tactical one through the strategic management process. SHRM is very important to the effectiveness of my learning organisation because it ensures that the needs of the learning community are met and provides the opportunity for instructional leaders to “add value to the learning community” (Introduction to Human Resource Management, 2012, p.6) while achieving the goals and objectives of the institution.
Jules and Holzer (2001) noted that Strategic Human Resource Management enhances employee productivity and the ability of government agencies to achieve their mission. One can conclude that it is the same for learning institutions as SHRM focuses on the issues and goals of the organisation and strive to implement plans collectively to achieve those goals. In contrast to traditional Human resource management, SHRM focuses on improving the effectiveness of the entire learning community and helps to improve the organisations by creating and implementing plans that will continuously raise the competencies and capabilities of the members of an organization for the overall achievement of the organization (Ulrich 1997).
In education, human resource planning serves as a link between human resource management and the overall strategic plan of the sector (Human Resource Planning, 2012, p.17). According to Beardwell & Holden (...
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Lengnick-Hall M.L.; Lengnick-Hall, C.A.; Andrade, L.S.; Drake, B. 2009. “Strategic human resource management: The evolution of the field.” Human Resource Management Review, 19, pp. 64-85.
Mathis, R., & Jackson, H. (2011). Human Resource Management (13 ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western, Cengage Learning. Retrieved from http://euo.coursesmart.com/9991111547226/firstsection#X2ludGVybmFsX0J2ZGVwRmxhc2hSZWFkZXI/eG1saWQ9OTk5MTExMTU0NzIyNi84Mg==
The Mayo Clinic (Mayo) provides a compelling and instructive example of the critical role of performance measurement in managing performance behaviors. An analysis of the Mayo approach offers insightful understanding of effective performance management practices. Accordingly, this paper reviews the Mayo performance management system from four perspectives (a) leadership strategy, (b) performance measurements, (c) human resources management, and (d) the alignment of performance with strategy. The discussion concludes with an assessment of the alignment of the elements comprising the Mayo performance management system with recommendations for strengthening those alignments.
In the 1980’s, the birth of a new concept called ‘Human Resource Management’ was born. This trend comes after an intense period of Taylorisation, Fordism and now, McDonaldisation. HRM came to counter balance these trends and to consider the concept of the Man as a Man and not as a machine. For the last several decades, the interests of companies in "strategic management" have increased in a noteworthy way. This interest in strategic management has resulted in various organizational functions becoming more concerned with their role in the strategic management process. The Human Resource Management (HRM) field has sought to become integrated into the strategic management process through the development of a new discipline referred to as Strategic Resource Management (SHRM). In current literature, the difference between SHRM and HRM is often unclear because of the interconnections linking SHRM to HRM. However, the concepts are slightly different. Thus, we can ask, what is strategic human resource management? What are the main theories and how do they work? What do they take into account and how are they integrated? What are the links between SHRM and organization strategy? In order to answer to these questions, we will precisely define strategic human resource management, followed by a look at the different approaches built by theorists, and finally, we will see the limits between the models and their applications depending on the company’s environment. Discussion Strategic Human Resource Management: definition Strategic human resource management involves the military word ‘strategy’ which is defined by Child in 1972 as "a set of fundamental or critical choices about the ends and means of a business". To be simpler, a strategy is "a statement of what the organization wants to become, where it wants to go and, broadly, how it means to get there." Strategy involves three major key factors: competitive advantages (Porter, 1985; Barney, 1991), distinctive capabilities (Kay, 1999) and the strategic fit (Hofer & Schendel 1986). Strategies must be developed with a relevant purpose to sustain the organizational goals and aims. SHRM is one of the components of the organizational strategies used to sustain the business long-term. SHRM defined as: “all those activities affecting the behaviour of individuals in their efforts to formulate and implement the strategic needs of the business. (Schuler, 1992)” or as “the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the firm to achieve its goals.
Human Resources have been believed to be a cost to the organization that needs to be minimized and controlled. However, in recent years, the connection of human capital to financial performance has been well recognized. Many organizations battle not only the tough competition, but also a world financial crisis. An increasingly competitive environment, many companies turn to human resources (HR) in order to stay in business and achieve goals, and maintain profitability. “Resources are invaluable and limited sources of any organizations which cannot be easily replaced” (Zohreh, M; Napsiah, I; Zulkiflle, L; Norzima, Z., 2013). Organizations turn to strategic management of human resources to accomplish its mission.
Akhigbe, O. J. (2013). Human resource planning: A key factor in ensuring the effectiveness and efficiency of organization. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 4(4), 388-396. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1470780889?accountid=32521
Schuler, R. S. and S. E. Jackson (2008). Strategic human resource management, John Wiley & Sons.
Understanding the strategic potential of HRM is a relatively recent phenomenon. Strategic HRM attempts to bring HRM to the boardroom. It requires personnel policies and practices to be integrated so that they make a coherent whole, and also that this whole is integrated with the business or organisational strategy.
The field of Strategic human resource management (SHRM) has become a “happy hunting ground for academics” and Colbert (2004) validates it by stating that SHRM is an accumulated “plethora of statement, theories, concepts and arguments”. It is evident from these statements that there are various theories and approaches to SHRM. According to Boxall & Purcell (2000), Strategic human resource management refers to the alignment of human resource practices to strategic goals of an organization. Amongst many approaches to SHRM such as best practice, best fit or contingent approach and bundling approach, resource based view (RBV) has been instrumental to development of SHRM (Dunford, et al., 2001). This essay will infer different approaches to SHRM
Delaney , JT and Huselid, 1996 what . Impact on perceptions of organizational performance practices for human resources management.
In the fields of management and business, Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) has been a powerful and influential tool in order to motivate employees to perform productively. (Ejim, Esther, 2013). According to Armstrong (2011), SHRM refers to the way that the company use to approach their strategic goals through people with a combination of human resource policy and practices. The purpose of SHRM is to produce strategic capability that the organisation must ensure such that employees are skilled, committed, and well-motivated in order to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, (Armstrong, 2011). Particularly, the organisation must be able to carefully plan strategic human resource ideas, aimed to increase the productivity.
Torrington, D, Hall, L, Taylor, S & Atkinson, C 2009, Fundamentals of human resource management: managing people at work, Pearson Education Harlow.