Essay On Diabetes Insipidus

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Diabetes insipidus known for being an uncommon disorder used by the body for it to control the water levels and is distinguished by the passage of the large volumes of diluted urine and the occurrence of an excessive thirst. (Nordqvist, 2010) The regulation of intake of water and excretion is to assist in maintaining the extracellular fluid tonicity inside a thin range and being essential for the function of the cell. (Nordqvist, 2010)When water balance is maintained, it is primary dependant in an intact thirst mechanism, vasopressin synthesis and the renal tubular responsiveness to vasopressin action. The cause of diabetes insipidus is by occurring problems with a hormone called ADH antidiuretic hormone also referred as vasopressin.
Diabetes insipidus is identified by excretion of large volume of dilute urine, triggered by many defects and falling into two groups: Central diabetes insipidus and Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. (Makaryus, 2006) Central diabetes insipidus is known for the reduction of secretion of antidiuretic hormone and generally triggered due to the damage of the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland. (Khardori. R, 2014) It is generally caused by surgery, a tumor or head injury, affecting ADH production, storage and release. (Nordqvist, 2010) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is known for reducing the ability to concentrate the urine due to the resistance to ADH action in the kidney. (Khardori. R, 2014) The kidney tubules allows the fluids to be excreted or reabsorbed. (Nordqvist, 2010) In many cases it has shown that numerous patients do not respond to ADH as normally, this may be because of congenital problems or due to long term kidney disorder. (Nordqvist, 2010)
Diabetes insipidus caused by problems with a hor...

... middle of paper ...

...sipidus has a different outcome from what is expected. (Zillich, 2006) When the concentration of urine is increased, the medication decreases the quantity of urine being passed from the body. Some of the uncommon side effects are dizziness, indigestion and skin being sensitive. (Zillich, 2006)
Painkillers known as non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs also referred to (NSAIDs) this helps decrease the urine volume more.
Electrolyte imbalance may also be caused by diabetes insipidus. (Nordqvist, 2010) Electrolytes consist of sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonate, magnesium, chloride, hydrogen phosphate and hydrogen carbonate in the human body. (Nordqvist,2010) Levels of electrolytes in the blood may possibly become too high or too low this will be likely to vary as the water levels in the body change when hydration levels are altered. (Nordqvist, 2010)

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