Chapter # 03
Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)
3.1 Introduction:
This section will describe the basic introduction of automatic transfer switch.
3.1.1 Periodic Switching Problem:
The problem with this arrangement is the switching of Power between Local Utility and the Self owns generator. Whenever local utility is off, Generator must be turned on and inversely, for economical operation. it is the requirement that generator must be turned off when utility’s supply is again restored.
This periodic switching scheme between utility and generator can be handled manually at small scales but in cases when there are more than one generator or there is tough industrial environment, manual switching is not a fast and economical procedure. Uneconomical in a sense that you will need personnel to handle this manual operation.
3.1.2 Solution to the Problem:
The only answer to the problem is to make the switching system Automatic. The Automatic switch will shift the load from Utility to Generator (By turning it on) whenever Utility will be OFF, and conversely it will turn off the Generator and will shift the load on utility when Utility Supply is Restored.
3.1.3 The Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS):
A transfer switch is an electrical switch that reconnects electric power source from its primary source to a standby source. Switches may be manually or automatically operated. An Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) is often installed where a backup generator is located, so that the generator may provide temporary electrical power if the utility source fails.
For example, in a home equipped with a backup generator and an ATS, when an electric utility outage occurs, the ATS will tell the backup generator to start. Once the ATS sees that the generator is r...
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3.4.2 When WAPDA Supply is again restored (Turning Generator OFF)
1. But wapda supply is continuously being monitored, whenever it turns > 180 volts, its circuit is turned on and generator’s circuit is turned off.
2. In this way generator is turned OFF.
3.5 REAL TIME SIMULATIONS:
2 Simulations are shown below:
3.5.1 WAPDA Circuit is Turned ON.
1- First with wapda supply turned on i-e generator’s circuit is OFF.
2- Glowing Yellow Led indicates that Wapda circuit is ON
Figure 3.8: Simulation 1
3.5.2 WAPDA Circuit is Turned OFF.
1. Second when wapda supply is turned off .
2. Note the green LED, which is glowing showing that generator is turned ON.
Figure 3.9: Simulation 2
3.6 Hardware Work:
Figure 3.10: Hardware Picture
middle of paper ... ... The downtime, unfortunately, was more than we planned. But unlike other sectors, the electrical grid is a more complex system when one area is affected. It often requires isolation of systems to get the components back on line and at full operational range before restoration commences.
Business was also dependent upon information technology. If systems were down for some reason due to viruses or major electricity failure, the company would not be able to fill orders. The company should consider external power supply.
Caring for a large number of patients in hospitals daily can result in up to four shift changes in 24 hours and potential opportunities for miscommunication resulting in errors and adverse events. These preventable errors can lead to deaths, chronic illnesses, injuries, disabilities and a huge financial burden on individuals and healthcare systems. Literature from several countries indicates that almost 60- 70% of adverse events in hospitals are caused by breakdown of communication including those happening during shift-to-shift handoff reports. Over the past fifteen years, there has been an abundance of research related to handoffs so is there a best practice for shift-to-shift handoff report? Perspectives
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My first year of college I took the class, American History from 1877. We reached the point in the semester where we began to discuss the Civil Right Movement, this was the first time I had heard of “The Big Switch”. This is the argument that during the Civil Rights Movement the Democrats and Republicans switched sides. While the entire class took the professors words to heart, I myself could not understand how the left and right could stand up and cross the isle. How could this happen? Did the political party of Abraham Lincoln shift into today’s Democrats? Did the party who supported slavery, segregation, and Jim Crow become your modern day Republicans? No, a switch of that magnitude does not happen. A football team does not play the first
by multiple generators that are constantly running and also running on gas so there are no
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If you’re considering switching energy suppliers the uSwitch switching service is here to help you.
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...mpany up and running through any kind of interruptions such as power failures, IT system crashes, natural or man-made disasters, supply chain/vendor problems and more.
understanding of these occurring problem, only then we can be said to be ready for the electric
Artificial Intelligence is a machine which can think and do work for the human. AI can have many applications and can be used anywhere in the universe. My Project is about AI in Power Stations. We will discuss about how the AI techniques can be used in power stations to increase the supply of power and everything. Power Stations have tremendous growth this can be increased more by using some AI Techniques. We even have some faults in the power stations as we make use of transformers, generators and Transmission lines. Power station is defined as the it is one of the industrial facility used to generate the power. In this they burn the fuels like coal, oil to generate the power and electricity. We have different kinds of the Stations they are Thermal power stations, Hydal power stations and nuclear power stations.
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