Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Sanitation quizlet
I chose the subject of sanitation because it is something that everyone should be able to have available to them. Everyone everywhere should have access to fresh drinking water and appropriate means of adequate sewage disposal. By being able to have apposite sanitation procedures one is able to diminish many diseases and increase a healthier life. Billions of individuals lack the ability to be able to have a place to defecate, let alone a private place to, which leads to open defecation and then in return causes diseases like Cholera. A couple of weeks ago we watched a TEDTalk about sanitation issues, during the video, a picture was shown of a young man who was down in a deep hole covered in fecal matter. Not even a spot of personal protective …show more content…
Seeing the look on that young man’s face had been just enough to want to explore more into this topic of sanitation. What makes sanitation so complex is that in order to have a proper sewage system, it would take billions of dollars to achieve full water borne in all countries. Also being able to keep up with the growth of urban areas would have to be a full blown investment. According to Water & Sanitation for the Urban Poor, sanitation progress has only increased 5% since 1990. Not to mention that 1 in 4 city residents worldwide live without improved sanitation which is about 2.5 billion people (WSUP, 2016). This means that more people in the world lack sanitation that the people who actually do have proper sanitation. Just sitting here pondering that is absolutely mind-blowing to me, that in 2016 many parts of the world are still struggling to achieve sanitation and clean …show more content…
The definition as stated in the, ‘Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy’ as, “A normative ethical theory that places the locus of right and wrong solely on the outcomes (consequences) of choosing one action/policy over other actions/policies. As such, it moves beyond the scope of one 's own interests and takes into account the interests of others” (Utilitarian Theories, 2016). This means that the goal of the Utilitarianism Theories goal is to promote the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. This theory is based off of a whole society factor instead of just basing its ideas with a single individual in mind. The creator of the Utilitarianism Theory was a man born in 1748 named Jeremy Bentham. According to Harvard Universities writer Michael Sandel, “Bentham argues that the principle of utility should be the basis of morality and law, and by utility he understands whatever promotes pleasure and prevents pain” (Sandel, 2011). This big idea of Utilitarianism is basically written on the idea of what can we use to promote the most pleasure to get rid of pain for everyone. The right thing for the Utilitarianism Theory would be to get access to safe sanitation so that everyone will benefit from it thus resulting in a happy society. The idea is to be able to completely maximize all utilities in order to achieve this great happiness for everyone around.
“Utilitarianism is the creed which accepts as the foundations of morals utility of the greatest happiness principle holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.” (Mil, 90). Utilitarianism ethics is based on the greatest good for the greatest number meaning that the moral agent does what he/she thinks will be
He discusses the overflows local wastewater systems experience because “cities combine sewage and stormwater in a single collection system”(66). The tone present is not supportive and shows the author’s bias against the collection system that has given plenty of citizens drinkable water. As he describes the incident in Milwaukee and the District of Columbia, Glennon makes it seem like the government purposefully “dumped” raw sewage to harm its citizens. Nowhere in his grounds does he include the benefits that come with having a collection system. He continues on to talk about a teenage boy who “became the sixth victim of Naegleria forvleri after being infected while swimming in Lake Havasu”(67). Glennon throws in opinionated words like “grisly” and “disgusting” to make more of an impact on the audience, and this displays his bias against water pollution. He describes the results of a couple of parasites, but does not specifically state where the parasites originate from, thus disqualifying that the death of the boy was a result of raw sewage being dumped in the lake the boy was swimming in, as the parasite could have appeared from other sources. Glennon proceeds with a qualifier... “almost 2,000 people in Idaho and Utah suffered from infection by cryptosporidium, believed to have been spread at “splash parks” where children play”(67). Using the word “believed”, undermines the true source of
In the United States Using waste water, as drinking water is very controversial. There are individuals who agree that agree that it is a good source of water and don’t mind there wastewater being reused. On the other hand, there are other individuals who see this as unhealthy practice and would be disgusted by the though of doing this. Being controversial, many states and cities in The U.S have not taken steps to increase the use of wastewater, which is renewable, as a source of water, causing a greater demand for non-renewable water sources. This is having a great impact on the world as the world population grows.
Utilitarianism can be defined as: the right action is the one that produces the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people. Utilitarians seem to believe that humans only have two desires, or motivations: happiness and pain. They want as much happiness as possible and the least amount of pain as any other action. Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory, meaning that whether it is right, depends solely on its consequences.
Utilitarianism is a moral theory that approaches moral questions of right and wrong by considering the actual consequences of a variety of possible actions. These consequences are generally those that either positively or negatively affect other living beings. If there are both good and bad actual consequences of a particular action, the moral individual must weigh the good against the bad and go with the action that will produce the most good for the most amount of people. If the individual finds that there are only bad consequences, then she must go with the behavior that causes the least amount of bad consequences to the least amount of people. There are many different methods for calculating the utility of each moral decision and coming up with the best
In For the World’s Poor, Drinking Water Can Kill people are drinking non-potable water that causes billions
Water pollution is a serious matter that should be accounted for. Every living being has a right to acquire a life-sustaining resource as water. A city in Michigan known as Flint is a victim of having contaminated essentials. In Flint, statistics show that not only is it in poverty, but over forty percent of its residents have a low income. It is revealing because most peers in the city felt personally victimized by the lack of supervision in its water distribution. It is churlish and insubordinate for any human being to acquiesce and it will be known around The United States, that officials can too, cause harm to the innocence. Yet, it is despicable to witness people suffering from agony with a few resources that are offered.
Utilitarianism is a view that was adopted by John Stuart Mill. This is a view that goes by “the greatest good for the greatest number.” This means that the more people who are happy and can benefit from a certain action is the morally right thing to do. Happiness, in utilitarianism, comes from pleasure and the absence of pain, and unhappiness comes from the deprivation of pleasure which then would equal pain. The utilitarian approach to morality insinuates that no moral act or rule is essentially right or wrong. Instead, the rightness or wrongness of either an act or rule, is entirely a matter of the overall nonmoral good (pleasure, happiness, satisfaction of individual desire) produced in the consequences of doing that act or following that rule. In a nutshell, morality is a means to an end, but it is not an end in itself. Despite the popularity of utilitarianism, I believe there are many problems within it.
It says that it promotes the greatest amount of happiness for the most people involved, but how would anyone feel if they were the means that justified the ends for everyone else. That person, whether they would have to give up their money, their job, or their life for the “most happiness” of everyone else, would not view Utilitarianism as a just moral theory. Since this moral theory justifies hurting people as long as it is for the “greater good” I cannot support this theory. I think that each individual is important, and you cannot use even one person's pain and suffering to justify the happiness of another, even if it is for the happiness of millions of other people. An example of this, showing just much a problem Utilitarianism can be, is the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment, which we talked about in class close to the beginning of the semester. The Tuskegee syphilis Experiment is a great example of Utilitarianism, and how it can cause a great deal of harm for people. To summarize the experiment briefly, some experimenters wanted to have a study on how syphilis progressed untreated in people. These experimenters went to Alabama and studied how syphilis naturally progressed if left untreated. They did this by saying that they were there to give these African American males free health care. What was unethical about
Utilitarianism is, “ a doctrine that the useful is the good and that the determining consideration of right conduct should be the usefulness of its consequences; specifically :a theory that the aim of action should be the largest possible balance of pleasure over pain or the greatest happiness of the greatest number” (Webster). The ethical theory of Utilitarianism was originally developed by Jeremy Bentham and then modified by John Stuart Mill, (Probe for Answers, 2014). The theory of utilitarianism is that if something or someone is to be considered good, the consequences of an action has to bring about the greatest amount of happiness to the greatest number of people. There
The implementation of the “Clean and Green” campaigns in Singapore since 1965 reveals how important a role sanitation, hygiene and cleanliness plays in the development of a nation. Indeed, sanitation and public health have been major concerns for governments and ruling authorities throughout the course of history, as maintaining a sanitary city meant that disease could be managed and populations could be kept healthy and productive. The obsession over filth, cleanliness and sanitation is perhaps best exemplified through colonial medical practice, as colonial governments sought to fashion their colonies into a desired mould through the imposition of western sanitary science and colonial conceptualizations of cleanliness and hygiene. Indeed, I argue that sanitation takes on a significant political agenda in the colonies – one where colonial powers govern and wield influence over their colonial subjects through Foucault’s “biopolitics”. As Michaels and Wulf asserts, “the state has come to represent power over biological life and power over the body, an authority that controls the population, establishing law and order through the knowledge and practices of public sanitation”. This is the lens through which this essay will be viewing sanitation – as a tool of governance that serves to consolidate political agenda and legitimacy, and that explains why the domain of sanitation became such a critical part of colonial medical practice, and has lasting implications for politics even up till today.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene has the potential to prevent at least 9.1% of the global disease burden and 6.3% of all deaths (CDC, 2016b). Additionally, improved drinking water quality would lead to a 45% reduction of diarrhea episodes and improved sanitation, reducing diarrhea morbidity by 37.5% (CDC, 2016b). Economically, universal access to safe water and sanitation would result in $18.5 billion in economic benefits each year from deaths avoided and $32 billion in economic benefits each year from reductions in health care costs and increased productivity from reduced illness (WHO,
) In the world of ours – war, world hunger, and water – are all problems that we face. On average six to eight million people die per year from not having enough water to drink. If I had to change the world I would make it easier for everyone to be able to get and drink clean water. Even though the world struggles with war which has killed 108 million people, it isn’t a daily thing it’s only once every 20 years, but dying from poor water is an everyday thing. Hunger is another huge problem, but not having water is worse. People can go days without food, but water is something we need to be drinking daily. (4) Having water everywhere will mean people will not die from dehydration, people will live healthier, people will be able to spend time
Conventional centralized systems require a huge financial investment, and have relatively high maintenance and operation costs. The difficulties caused by these expenses do not only prevent developing nations from correctly building and operating centralised sanitation systems, but industrialised nations also
Who would have thought the lack of sanitation could be deadly? According to the research I have done on public toilets and sanitation in India, the percentage on the lack of sanitation is incredibly high. This particular topic caught my eye because I had knowledge about the public toilets in India. For example, it was already brought to my knowledge that 53 percent of India’s population is defecating out in the open. It was very interesting and I wanted to know more about it. India is a large country and is filled with a variety of health problems like no public toilets, unsanitary facilities, and environmental sanitation issues in general.