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Organizational culture change case study
Organizational culture change case study
Leadership and performance beyond expectations
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The absence of appropriate motivation, fairness, and communication are recognized as the root causes of the issues at the Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant. These are the real issues that added to the decrease in efficiency and product quality. Workers who are affected in an organization might be a result of de-motivation, poor communication, and personal conflict. The presence of these components is the thing that could result in a decline of workers’ productivity, since workers feel they have no control over their work and what they produce. “The success of any Analysis Organization depends on the ability of managers to provide a motivating environment for its employees” (Osabiya, p. 63).
The Scanlon Bonus Plan emerged as a major root cause of
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Employees didn 't feel the relationship between them and management encouraged a free flow communication channel. Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant implemented a suggestion system that would encourage ways to improve the company. Ultimately the system failed because workers no longer felt like they were contributing effectively to the plant. Input is a fundamental piece of motivating employees and is explained through the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, which,states that only unsatisfied needs motivate an individual.
It 's important for employees to know that their suggestions are being listened to, and should be given ways to improve themselves accordingly. This theory expresses that when a lower need is fulfilled, it 's no longer a strong motivator and consequently the interest in the following higher need gets to be overwhelming and the individual 's consideration is turned towards fulfilling this higher
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Management should share the responsibility with employees to calculate how fast bonuses are generated and earn. This may be a sensible strategy explained by the Vroom 's Expectancy theory; which suggest that people will be motivated to accomplish an objective if they feel it benefits them and also help accomplish the objective. Thus, the employees feel a significant worth of respect, and their sense of liberty increases. The modification to the Scanlon Bonus Plan directly relates to the motivation of employees and has them embrace the social system they operate in at the organization. These adjustments of the Scanlon Bonus Plan straightforwardly identifies with the motivation of employees and how they embrace the social
“Equity considerations play a major role not only in the evolution of distributive systems but all in the emergence of supporting ideologies and the processes through which distributive systems are challenged and replaced” (Cook,K.S., & Parcel, T.L. 1997, p.2). Therefore, when the employees are rewarded for their work they will most likely work harder to restore the balance of equity. Whereas if an employee is under rewarded the employee will most likely do the opposite and not work as hard. The ongoing issue at Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant was that the employees were being under- rewarded and not appreciated by upper management, which lead to low productivity that severely impacted the companies
The developing concerns and root causes of Engstrom Auto Mirror Plant in Milestone One and Two were identified and analyzed from a human behavior perspective. However, it is just as equally imperative to recommend solutions to issues identified. The major issues that Engstrom faced stemmed from the failure of the Scanlon Bonus Plan. As a result, employee motivation, management and employee trust, employee attitude and the overall work culture were all tainted. The objective of this milestone is to create organizational development outcomes that are immediate solutions to the organizational issues. Also, suggest strategic plans that will lead the organization to success. This will be successful through evidence-based management and theoretical
Motivational theories can be applied in a multitude of situations, but in this case the problems that must be resolved include poor morale, low performance levels, and frequent absences. After speaking with the employees it was found that none of them cared about their performance in the workplace. To properly address these issues, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, McClelland’s Theory, and McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y can be applied. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory can be used to improve working conditions and decrease employee dissatisfaction. Doing so would potentially motivate employees to perform better in the workplace and be more inclined to be involved in the job. Applying McClelland’s Theory would allow for the employees three basic categories
This study will also identify the theories that will help answer these and other questions. In addition, this research will determine methods in which these theories can motivate the employees.
Motivation is defined as individual internal process that energizes, directs and sustains behavior. Motivation depends on how much the person wants something and how likely they think they will get it. Managers struggle to improve motivation in the workplace, but with the right tools they can become successful. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a pyramid of personal satisfaction that need to be met so a person can reach their full potential and be happy. Each level of the pyramid is stratified from the bottom up. A person cannot move up the pyramid until the bottom needs are met. Maslow’s hierarchy is usually a personal tool used to assess how an individual is doing, but businesses adapted this tool to use in the workplace and improve morale.
The root causes of the organizational issues at the Engstrom Auto Mirror plant are clear and obvious. After reading and rereading the article by Beer and Collins (2008), it appears that the main root causes of Engstrom Auto Mirror’s productivity problems are the economy, a lack of needed employees, and finally, Bent’s failure to keep open communication and positive behavioral theories like neo-classical organizational theory and systems theory alive in the organization. The economic downturn in the auto mirror industry and the subsequent layoffs of 46 workers (around 18 percent of its workforce) caused Engstrom Auto Mirror’s production and product quality to fall behind, leading to the disgruntlement of Bent’s employees. The company had promised
Motivation in the workplace is one of the major concerns that managers face when trying to encourage their employees to work harder and do what is expected of them on a day-to-day basis. According to Organizational Behavior by John R. Schermerhorn, James G. Hunt and Richard N. Osborn the definition of motivation is "the individual forces that account for the direction, level, and persistence of a person's effort expended at work." They go on to say that "motivation is a key concern in firms across the globe." Through the years there have been several theories as to what motivates employees to do their best at work. In order to better understand these theories we will apply them to a fictitious organization that has the following three types of employees: salespeople, production workers, and administrative staff. We will discuss which of these theories would or would not be most effective to motivate these employee groups and try to explain why. The motivation theories that will be discussed are: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, ERG (Aldefer), Two-Factor Theory (Herzberg), Equity Theory (Adams), and the Expectancy Theory (Vroom). Let's start with salespeople.
Motivation play an important role in today’s work environment as motivated employees are more productive employees. However, the ways how we motivate the employees have to be improved from time to time as employees are being more demanding and that they are more concern about their needs than before. Motivational strategies have probably affected the most by employee concerns and values (Greiner 1986, p. 82). ‘A motivational strategy is any effort to induce employees to initiate and sustain activities that can directly or indirectly improve service productivity’ (Greiner 1986, p. 82). Motivation can have an effect on the output of your business and concerns both quantity and quality. For example, if you are in a manufacturing company, your business actually relies heavily on your production staff to make sure that quality product are being produce and being delivered to your client at the right time. However, if your production employees are lack of motivation they will be not motivated to produce the amount of product demanded, thus will be very costly. In the essay below, we will be discussing on the strength and weaknesses of McClelland’s acquired needs theory and the expectancy theory.
315), motivating other is to give recognition and praise can be thought as directly placing a positive reinforcement, that is reinforcing the adequate behavior by giving an award. A strong motivator is recognition because it is a regular human need. DuBrin (2013, p. 316), an outstanding of recognition, which include praise, as a motivator it that it is no cost or low cost yet powerful. Bob Nelson, a reward expert, reminds us that money is important to employees and recognizing others motivates them to elevate his or her performance. It has a huge return on investment in comparison to a cash bonus. DuBrin (2013, p. 318), according to equity theory, employee motivation and satisfaction depend on how properly the employees believe they are treated in comparison to peers. The theory debates that employees have certain beliefs about the outcomes they receive from their jobs, as well as the inputs they invest to obtain these outcomes. This theory has many implications for the leader who attempts to motivate subordinates. No matter how well a program productivity or cost-cutting is, it needs to still provide equitable pay. Also, the leader needs to see that subordinates perceive themselves to receive a fair deal in terms of what they give to and receive from the company. DuBrin (2013, p. 320), effective leaders are good coaches and good coaches are effective
Naturally, employees are individuals who are motivated by different things. Even the same employee can have motivations that change over time. However, for more than 70 years, Maslow 's hierarchy of needs and its revised models have been used to demonstrate what motivates people. The concept is typically illustrated as a pyramid with five to eight tiers. Only after the needs defined in the lower tiers have been met does the motivation for the next tier become relevant. (4)
Management spends a huge amount of time to design incentive systems and schemes to motivate their workers and to ensure they work in their best possible manner. Motivating workers by giving them decent pay helps in winning employees heart to make the work done efficiently, significantly and effectively. The most effective way to motivate people to work productively is through individual incentive compensation (Pfeffer, 1998). An attraction of getting more is a powerful incentive to people for high performance. While most people agree that money plays a major role in motivating people, in organizations there is a widespread belief that money may also have some undesirable effects on morale.
In daily life, we need motivation to improve our performance in our job or in studies. Motivation is an internal force, dependent on the needs that drive a person to achieve. In the other words, motivation is a consequence of expectations of the future while satisfaction is a consequence of past events (Carr, 2005). We need to give reward to our self when we did correctly or we has achieve our target. Reward is something that we are given because we have behaved well, worked hard, or provided a service to the community. Theories of motivation can be used to explain the behavior and attitude of employees (Rowley, 1996; Weaver, 1998). The theories include content theories, based on assumptions that people have individual needs, which motivate their action. Meanwhile according to Robbins (2001), motivation is a needs-satisfying process, which means that when a person's needs are satisfied by certain factors, the person will exert superior effort toward attaining organizational goals. Schulze and Steyn (2003) affirmed that in order to understand people’s behavior at work, managers or supervisors must be aware of the concept of needs or motives which will help “move” their employees to act.Theories such as Maslow (1954), McClelland (1961), Herzberg (1966) and Alderfer (1969) are renowned for their works in this field. The intrinsic reward or also be known as motivators factors is the part of Herzberg motivation theory. Motivators are involve factors built into the job or the studies itself such as achievement, recognition, responsibility and advancement. Hygiene factors are extrinsic to the job such as interpersonal relationship, salary, supervision and company policy (Herzberg, 1966. There have two factors that are called hygiene fac...
Motivation is an important function in organizations to motivate their employees for their ability to perform well, improving their skills, increasing productivity, job satisfaction and employee extension. Employees also are not a machines that we could just program their task in their brain and they will do it automatically, they require motivation to actually do their job properly. And so, after discussing the process models of the Maslow’s “Hierarchy of needs”, Douglas McGregor theory X and Y, and also the Herzberg’s “two factor motivation hygiene theory.” understanding the ways of motivating people, the human nature, and the substance of nature. I believe that the true motivation can only come from within and also managers can actually motivate all of their employees.
Essential changes in the world of management are being experienced in an arbitrary routine. To muddle through such changes, prominence is laid increasingly on individual proficiencies and outcomes. Changes experienced in technology and organization structures at work in recent times require managers and alternatively top officials to improve on their interpersonal skills, and the ever increasing significance of the customer leading to an explosion of practices, techniques and principles that work (Allison, 2006). However, the modern world of management falls short of maintaining an economically favorable balance of productivity against loss costs. Arguably, the most effective albeit most neglected means of motivation requires only occasional genuine demonstrations of management concern and interest coupled with the provision of remedial or corrective actions. In the management world, motivation may be used to refer to the entirety of psychological motives that inducts and directs an employee's behavior in the direction of a goal or objective where the attainment and accomplishment of the goal is equivalent to meeting a need or necessity felt by that person (Certo et al, 2006).
This theory postulated satisfaction and dissatisfaction of employees. It divides the motivational factors into two categories, which are motivator and hygiene. Motivators which are intrinsic to the people, such as work itself, recognition, achievement, etc, is normally creating satisfaction and motivation to the actor if they are met. On the other hand, hygiene factors which are characterized as extrinsic components, such compensation, company policies, and relationship with superiors and peers, working condition, etc, will not create satisfaction and motivation to the actor if the factors are met. Its purpose is to keep the actor away from