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History of ebola essay
History of ebola essay
History of ebola virus expository essay
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In the year 1976, Ebola outbreaks occurred for the first time in rural villages, which are close to tropical forests of Central Africa, but the first ever diagnosed case was reported in the last quarter of the year 2013 in Guinea, which is in close proximity with Liberia and Sierra Leone(Team, 2014). The knowledge of the viral transmission from any animal species to human beings is missing. WHO, an active entity of the UN, is accountable of coordinating international action in any severe disease emergencies like this as WHO has been successful in eliminating disease of high severity like small pox. The question that disturbs us is how did this ailment go horribly out of control? I believe that Ebola has exposed the lack of communication between …show more content…
In an initiative vacuum, affluent nations sent in military resources, the UN Security Council pronounced Ebola a risk to global peace and security, and UN Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon established a specialised UN mission. How did this circumstance emerge, and what will it take to bring Ebola under control and avoid future emergencies? The answers lie in disappointments of leadership and authority. WHO pronounced Ebola a PHEIC on Aug 8, activating impermanent non-tying suggestions(Lawrence, Gostin, & Center, 2014). A few nations forced travel bans, in contrast to WHOs directive(Gostin & Friedman, 2014). Afflicted states, moreover, couldn't practically actualize WHO suggestions for centres treating patients with the virus, compensation for public health officers, and protective equipment for individuals. The postponed and divided reaction to Ebola left a vacuum, which prompted an unprecedented request from Médecins Sans Frontières for military organization logistics, designing, and store network administration. On Sept 16, US President Barack Obama proclaimed a military-headed reaction in Liberia, which could prop up limit yet won't fill significant administration shortages, which calls for UN initiatives. In addition, WHO controls just 30% of its budgeting, and its member states have diverted WHO's protocol through alloted funds(Magnusson, 2011). No …show more content…
As the Ebola emergency has been worsening WHO authority has been working diligently facilitating an anti-tobacco gathering and pushing for escalated cigarette charges. Non-transmittable maladies call for national arrangements whereas pandemics call for global arrangements. Assets are limited, and WHO progressively uses them on non-communicable diseases rather than on the pandemics. After 2011 financing shortage, WHO cut its already inadequate budgeting by about US $600 million and the crisis reaction units were lessened, with some outbreak control specialists leaving the organisation( Gostin & Friedman, 2014). Accordingly, subsidizing issues brought on by the worldwide economic meltdown have led it to concentrate considerably more on non-transmittable ailments. When it comes to pandemics, WHO's arrangement has been to declare regulations for health and let singular countries get themselves straightened out. But this arrangements doesn't provide adequate support to financially disabled countries like Liberia. The reliance of WHO on the false faith that it could effectively use its wherewithal during an emergency, but the wait for contribution from different nations turned out to be a quite expensive delay. WHO has been always working in activating assets for Ebola: in April, 2014, it looked for $4.8 million, by the
Ebola from everyone’s point of view is seen as inferno. Dr. Steven Hatch’s memorable journey began with him volunteering to leave for Liberia in 2013 to work at a hospital in Monrovia to fight Ebola in one of its most affected areas. There were only a few patients with Ebola when he arrived. The number of patients rapidly increased over his time in Liberia. After six months Ebola was declared a world health emergency and not only were ordinary people outside of the hospital getting the virus but the medical personnel that were tending to the patients had caught it and some of them had even died.
In the New York Times interview of Richard Preston, the well renowned author of The Hot Zone, is conducted in order to shed some light on the recent Ebola outbreak and the peaked re-interest in his novel. The Hot Zone is articulated as “thriller like” and “horrifying.” Preston uses similar diction and style choices corresponding with his novel. By choosing to use these specific methods he is advertising and promoting The Hot Zone to the audience members that are interested in reading, and reaching out to those who read and enjoyed his novel. He continuously grabs and keeps the reader’s attention by characterizing and personifying Ebola as the “enemy [and] the invisible monster without a face” in order to give the spectators something to grasp and understand the Ebola virus. Along with characterization, Preston uses descriptions with laminate
The Hot Zone is a true story about how the knowledge of the Ebola virus was first developed and the background behind it. The Ebola virus kills nine out of ten of its victims and it kills quickly and painfully. It is extremely contagious and the blood and vomit the victim lets out can spread the virus quickly. The Hot Zone goes into detail of the experience of getting to the bottom of the Ebola Virus.
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is a viral disease that was first recorded in 1976, when an outbreak occurred in Yambuku, Zaire, a country that was latter renamed the Democratic Republic of Congo (Walsh, Biek & Real, 2005). During the outbreak 318 cases were recorded of which 280 (88%) died. Later the same year, an outbreak occurred in Sudan where 284 cases were recorded with fatality rate of 53%. The disease and the virus that cause it are named after River Ebola that passes though Yambuku. In the USA, Ebola killed several monkeys in Reston, Virginia in 1989 (Barton, 2006; CDC, 2000). Despite several other outbreaks, the disease has neither medically approved pre-exposure nor post-exposure interventions. However, ongoing research shows optimistic signs.
Evaluated in alliance by various entities of the United States federal government, ebola has acted in pivotal fashion to illustrate federalism in its truest definition, that of the above-stated division of power amongst varying levels of government. The Department of Homeland Security and Center for Disease Control and Prevention were of the first federal organizations to take action in early October upon the instance of mandating individuals bound for the United States from Liberia, Sierra Leone and Guinea—the three countries affected most significantly by the disease—be screened for ebola derived symptoms, such as considerably high body temperature. More recently, however, President Obama has taken action of his own in requesting a total of six billion dollars from Congress to fight the spreading condition (Achenbach 1). Citing the security of the United States as his prerogative and priority, Obama has appealed for upwards of four billion dollars in advance for dispersion between the Department of Health and Human Services, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Agency for International Development, the State Department and the Pentagon’s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency for
The Ebola virus was discovered in 1976. It has four strains, each from a different geographic area, but all give their victims the same painful, often lethal symptoms.
In 1976 the first two Ebola outbreaks were recorded. In Zaire and western Sudan five hundred and fifty people reported the horrible disease. Of the five hundred and fifty reported three hundred and forty innocent people died. Again in 1995 Ebola reportedly broke out in Zaire, this time infecting over two hundred and killing one hundred and sixty. (Bib4, Musilam, 1)
According to the World Health Organization, the reason why there are many Ebola outbreaks in West Africa is because they have “very weak health systems, lacking human and infrastructural resources, having only recently emerged from long periods of conflict and instability.” A hum...
Despite these benefits, the present level of control that funding bodies and donors have over priorities limits the input that global health need has in the decision-making algorithm. Although there are a multitude of global health players, if calculated by resource allocation, a small number of wealthy donors set the majority of global health priorities (31) which reduces the opportunity for empirically determined need for a program to be factored into the discussion. The major disparity between the priorities set by global health actors and need is exemplified in Rwanda where the local government highlighted the disproportionately high funding targeted at HIV/AIDs when the nation only had a 3% infection rate (2, 32).
Ebola Syndrome (Herman Yau, 1996) Probably one of the most offensive entries in the list, "Ebola Syndrome" revolves around Kai San, a fugitive who ends up in Johannesburg after killing his boss and his wife. While there, he finds work in restaurant. The actual plot initiates when his boss takes him with him to an Ebola infected virus to buy pork meat. While there, Kai rapes and kills a local woman and contracts the disease.
A study was done in 2005 to learn more about the hosts for the virus. Human outbreaks that occurred between 2001 and 2005 in Gabon and the Republic of Congo were linked to outbreaks that affected the local gorilla and chimpanzee populations. In order to identify the reservoir, the researchers did animal trappings in the areas affected. There were 1,030 animals captured which included 679 bats, 222 birds, and 129 small terrestrial vertebrates. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) which is for the Ebola virus was detected in the serum of three different bat species (Leroy et al. 2005). The organs targeted by the Ebola virus were the liver and spleen. The researchers concluded that their results supported the results of previous investigations as bats as reservoirs for
Ebola: the Catalyst for Sierra Leone’s Economic Recession The Ebola virus is one of the recent viruses that have emerged and killed many people in the world; it causes severe internal bleeding, organ failure, and even death if not treated. Its most infamous case was during 2014-2015 when West Africa was decimated by an Ebola outbreak that killed over 10,000 people. Specifically, the outbreak was focused in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. This crisis closed down borders, decreased trade, and made tourism decline due to stigma on Ebola-affected areas.
London, England. The.. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine n.d., Session 5: The role of the state. in global health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England. Ricci J.
As the Ebola pandemic continues to spread in West Africa, Pressure has been mounting on the US government to ban entry of travelers from countries where the Ebola epidemic has been growing exponentially. The US CDC (center for Disease Control) predicts the infection rates in Sierra Leone and Nigeria to rise to about two million by mid-January 2015. The virus has affected Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria all countries in West Africa. The detection and subsequent report of the first Ebola case in North
This essay will focus on a multitude of issues surrounding the controversy concerning the Ebola Virus Disease. At minimum six states has partaken for stricter rules for travelers returning from Ebola-affected areas, some with required quarantines going above and beyond federal guiding principles (Lupkin, 2014).The changes are controversial and have sent politicians recanting and attorneys reading the subliminal messages. This method or approach does not fit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines, which assume an individual is not contagious until Ebola symptoms evident. Then the transmission involves exchange with bodily solutions like blood and puke.