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E-waste conclusion
The human and environmental effects of e-waste traduzido
E-waste conclusion
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Policy Problem Statement
PADM
Scope of the Problem
E- Waste is made up of discarded electronics and electrical devices of which most of the waste is made up of computers and mobile telephones. These two products have the shortest life span which causes these amounts to grow quicker. Electronic Waste is described as “discarded electronic or electrical devices or their parts”. (Webster’s Dictionary 2014). The scope of how far this issue goes is even deeper than just in the United States. Much of the waste that the United States use to accumulate was sent to other countries. Many of those countries have people that just were not able to afford top end equipment so , our equipment that still worked but could be donated was sent there. They did not know how to dispose of it so landfills begin to fill up and health concerns rise. E- Waste includes cell phones, LCD monitors, plasma televisions and any electronic or electrical device that has mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, beryllium, brominated flame retardants and any other harmful substance. The major problem with E-waste is how to dispose of it and not fill up landfills with it. Larger manufacturing countries such as the United States and China have the biggest issue of waste from electronics.
Effects on the Society
E-Waste has been shown over time to cause many health concerns for the public. Many landfills are filled with chemicals and hazards because of e-waste. Many countries especially developing ones do not have proper disposal and recycling techniques to dump their e-waste. Electronic waste contains many toxic elements including but not limited to : mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, beryllium and brominated flame retardants. Sometimes when the e-waste goes to a landfill it ...
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...e changing cell phones before their contract is up or buying new and improved laptops every year because of one upgrade, it may cut down on what people throw away or not use anymore. Or if stores allowed them to trade in their older equipment for the new equipment all the time they would be more likely to bring it in to avoid the extra cost in buying brand new electronics. Verizon started a service where you can get money back towards your next phone if you turn in your old one. That allows customers to dispose of their phones properly and get an incentive for it. More programs like that will definitely improve electronic waste.
References
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X13000147 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2796756/ http://www.unep.org/pdf/Recycling_From_e-waste_to_resources.pdf
http://www.e-stewards.org/the-e-waste-crisis/
Even though electronic waste contributes one percent of waste as discussed earlier, it poses a significant threat to the environment. “RCRA does not, however, cover electronic waste except CRTs, nor does it regulate electronic devices donated for educational or charitable reuse.” The RCRA should implement rules to govern e-waste because e-waste not only affects lives in the United States, It affects everyone globally. E-waste typically finds its ways out of the United States and ends up in developing countries like
It is imperative to note that both the man made and the natural activities that take place in the world are susceptible to disasters. The disasters and hazards that take place are normally categorized into several divisions. They include the technological, regional, and the man made events that can interfere with the composition of the environment (Doody, 2014). At that point, it was necessary for the disposal of these hazardous wastes to take place thus leading to the pollution of the environment. As such, it was important for the hazardous waste to be managed in an appropriate manner to minimize these effects. Under this process, the reuse of hazardous wastes in civil engineering applications was one of the ways that would be useful in minimizing the effect on the environment. The objective of the paper is to study various methods that can be used in the management of hazardous wastes in civil engineering applications.
Trash and waste are created every day, more and more are created faster than they are decomposed into atoms. Yet, the general public continues to buy overly packaged products each day and harm the environment with the countless amount of trash.
The Goodrich Corporation paper talks about Goodrich Aerostructures which is a division of the Goodrich Corporation. Goodrich Aerostructures is known as a world leader independent full-service supplier of nacelles, pylons, thrust reversers and other types of aircraft components for large commercial, regional and military aircraft. On the other hand, the type of business-evaluated throughout the Boeing Everett article was the Aerospace/Aviation Industry. Boeing Everett programs were evaluated to implement and establish lean programs.
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Electronic waste, or any waste for that matter is an inevitable part of an economic system where the destruction of an ecosystem is the primarily source of resources that are used to create the product. The waste that occurs from this process has to be disposed of in some way and more often than not, it is disposed of carelessly with out consideration to the affect it would have on the environment or the very people that create and let capitalism live on, “The political economy approach also defers progress on environmental issues to a pint after economic ones are solved” (Robbins et al. 2010, 114). And if this continues there may be no place left for the excess waste created by capitalism.
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Inconceivable quantities of garbage plague our planet however, “Recycling is one of the best ways for you to have a positive impact on the world in which we live. Recycling is important to both the natural environment and us. We must act fast as the amount of waste we create is increasing all the time” ("Recycling Is Important"). Incidentally, a huge portion of the trash regularly ending up in landfills is recyclable. Had the garbage simply been put into a recycling bin instead of a trash can, there would be a sensational impact, conserving landfills, money, energy, natural resources, and even attributing to job growth. For instance, various plastics and paper materials monopolize a majority of landfill space, both of which are easily recyclable. However, when paper products are instead simply thrown away, additional trees must be cut down, more money has to be spent, as well as more gas and energy being required. Additionally, plastics are produced by a process which uses nonrenewable oils and natural gasses. Once they are inevitably thrown away they continue to cause damage as they virtually never biodegrade. Moreover, other materials such as aluminum have the potential to be recycled numerous times, potentially saving countless resources if they are responsibly
3) Green computing is concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design, manufacture, operation, and disposal of IS-related products, including all types of computers, printers, and printer materials. Computers contain many toxic substances, including beryllium, brominated flame re-tardants, cadmium, lead, mercury, and selenium. As a result, electronic manufacturing employees and suppliers at all steps along the supply chain and in the manufacturing process are at risk of unhealthy exposure. It is impossible to ensure safe recycling or disposal, so it is thought to be best to eliminate the use of toxic substances. Although, recycling companies export large quantities of used electronics to companies in undeveloped countries. The disposal and reclamation operations must be extremely careful to avoid unsafe exposure in recycling operations and leaching of materials such as heavy metals from landfills and incinerator ashes. Burning computer components also releases toxic components into the atmosphere, with harmful results to the people doing the burning in the short...
There must be creation of an enabling environment for private investment in municipal solid waste management including the recycling activities. Local government should develop and enforce waste management programme that will minimise social and environmental impact (Modebe et al., 2009). Efficient management of municipal solid waste can be achieved if people start practicing segregation of waste at household level. The effectiveness of segregation depends on people’s willingness and the level of knowledge of segregating that people have. People should be educated to realize the importance of segregating waste from its generation source in order to achieve better management of municipal solid
Diseases known from the toxins in landfills are: “thyroid hormone disruption, impaired neurodevelopment, reduced lung function, and adverse pregnancy outcomes”(Seeberger 12). The evidence to back up the outcomes of the toxins are tests ran by the following people and in the following years: thyroid hormone disruption, “Han et al., 2011; Ju, Xu, Chen, & Shi, 2008; Wang, Zhang, et al., 2010; Yuan et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2010”(Seeberger 12);impaired neurodevelopment, ;impaired neurodevelopment, “Li, Xu, Wu, et al., 2008; Liu et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2015”(Seeberger 12);reduced lung function, “Zheng et al., 2013”(Seeberger 12);and adverse pregnancy outcomes “Guo et al., 2012; Wu, Xu, Liu, Guo, & Huo, 2011; Wu et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2012; Xu et al., 2012”(Seeberger 12). The outcome of the exposures of the chemicals are terrible since anyone can get sick from the outcome of just throwing away a device and people poorly monitoring the e-waste. People can also experience lead poisoning (McAllister 1).The lead poisoning is due to the electronics being taken to the landfill or even burned. Diseases are a terrible thing that people can contract as easily, and along with that people can have disorders. Preventing disorders and diseases are optimal and there are ways to prevent some of them. If the root cause is through the elections, and if
Traditional methods of waste disposal have proven to be ineffective and have caused harmful effects on the environment. The most popular and inexpensive way to get rid of garbage is burial, but burying your problems does not necessarily mean getting rid of them. Landfill sites pose as severe ecological threats as these mass garbage dump yards overflow with trash and frequently contaminate our air, soil and water with hazardous wastes. About 400 million tons of hazardous wastes are generated each year1. A large-scale release of these materials can cause thousands of deaths and may poison the environment for many years. For example many industrial companies around the world cannot afford to enforce the strict pollution regulations set by many developed countries. This usually forces these types of companies to move to developing countries where pollution regulations are very lenient. These developing countries knowingly accept environmentally hazardous companies usually because they are in desperate need of employment. The harmful effects of these companies were clearly illustrated in the 1960s and 1970s when residents living near Minamata Bay, Japan, developed nervous disorders, tremors, and paralysis in a mysterious epidemic. The root was later found to be a local industry that had released mercury, a highly toxic element, into Minamata Bay. The disaster had claimed the lives of 400 people1. Since 1970 you can bet that a lot more than 400 people have died as a result of waste disposal. If the type of waste disposal were cheaper and effective we wouldn’t have to deal with waste problems, which still plague mankind today.
America and Europe are at the top of the list for most waste generated according to Waste (4). This is very visible because there’s litter on every street in the towns and cities, as well in lakes, beaches, and rivers. The book Waste by Rob Bowden states that the amount of waste produced is increasing at a rate faster than population growth. About 1.5 million computers, in the U.K, are thrown away each year and most end up in landfills. There are 3 types of waste which are Municipal Solid Waste, Industrial Waste, and Hazardous waste. MSW includes waste from public garbage cans and local dumpsters. Industrial Waste includes massive amounts of waste water that is contaminated with chemicals. Hazardous waste is the most dangerous as it presents a danger to human health and the environment. Solutions for waste disposal take time because people need to consider their lifestyle and limit the amount of waste they generate. A good start is to recycle items such as paper, cans, plastic, and clothes. This way they don’t end up in landfills, beaches, or streets. Another solution is to join organizations that go around places to recycle, or organizations that demand the reduction in the amount of products that are being