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Effects of domestic violence on victims
Cases of domestic violence reported
Effects of domestic violence on victims
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Domestic violence is well-known to be a serious problem in Canada. Domestic violence includes physical assault or aggressive actions against family members, spouse, intimate partner, boyfriend or girlfriend. It can have many negative results and even result in death. Statistics Canada (2013) mentions stress, chronical diseases and addictions as common results of domestic violence. In most cases, the victims are women. According to Statistics Canada (2013), among all the cases of domestic in 2013, 80% of victims were women. Statistics Canada (2013) states that intimate partner violence is higher when female victims are between 25 and 34 year old. Alcohol also can increase risk of domestic violence. Another factor is that life in certain poor …show more content…
From Statistics Canada data, 6 percent of Canadians who have or had spouse or partner were victims of domestic violence in the previous 5 years (2010). At the same time, most cases of domestic violence are not reported to the police. Statistics Canada (2010) mentions that only about 22 percent of victims reported the assault to police. Obviously, many cases are not reported to the police for different reasons. Neil Boyd (2015) points out that it may be because victims did not think it was important or did not want to involve police. Some victims depend financially on their abusers, some are worried about the family and some do not believe that calling the cops will change anything (Boyd, 2015). According to Statistics Canada (2013), women are three time more likely to become the victims of spousal homicide than men. In the Gangaram and Allen case, the victim was several times physically assaulted by her ex-boyfriend before (Gillis, …show more content…
There are some living areas that have many crimes and violence around them. Boyd (2015) emphasizes that some urban neighborhoods are “hot spots” of violence and they “experience the highest levels of violent crime” and at the same time “are also characterized by high and cent rated level of poverty, racial segregation, population of young people and single-parent families” (p. 320). The street in Scarborough where Gangaram lived on was the place where the worst in Canada shooting took place several years before. This gunfire happened after neighborhood barbeque. It resulted in several people killed and much more injured (Gillis, 2015). According to Boyd, high concentration of poor people results in higher rate of violent crime (Boyd, 2015). In this case, Gangaram and Allen are unemployed, have low income status and low education. Additionally, Gangaram was a single parent (Gillis, 2015). Also, Emily M. Wright and Michael L. Benson (2010) mention that economic difficulties affect partner’s relationships, causing stress, and may lead to physical violence. Stable families need some minimum level of economic
“Domestic violence, or intimate partner violence, is defined as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors, including physical, sexual, and psychological attacks as well as economic coercion that adults or adolescents use against their intimate partners” (Peeks-Asa). When it comes to domestic violence many people don’t want to get involved, but if just one person took a stand maybe others would follow and potentially save a life, like the neighbors did in The Day It Happened by Rosario Morales. Domestic violence can happen to anyone at any time, there is no typical victim or perpetrator. The fact that there is no one specific group that domestic violence occurs in more than another, only makes it more difficult to get an accurate representation of just who is being affected by this crime. “Domestic violence and abuse does not discriminate” (Smith and Segal). Domestic violence can have specific victims such as a spouse or domestic partner, a child, or an elder. Domestic violence can affect men as well as women. Some types of domestic violence are physical, verbal or nonverbal, sexual, stalking or cyberstalking, economic or financial, and spiritual.
In the United States, domestic violence is not the most frequent type of violent crime, but it occurs frequently. According to the NCVS, in the United States, domestic violence has the third highest violent crime rate, which is about 21% for all violent crime. In this episode of Law and Order S.V.U., the video footage showed that the couple, Martin and Bryant, were arguing and he punched his girlfriend in the face and left her unconscious while dragging her body into the car. When they were both asked about the video footage, Martin said he was drinking too much that night, and she responded that it was her fault that she tripped and fell on her face. This is very common for victims of domestic violence to blame themselves. Law and Order S.V.U. explains that victims of domestic violence fear to report their abuser since the abuser are their only support system or they are emotionally dependant on their abuser or in her case, in a relationship with the abuser. Referring back to the NCVS reports, when comparing domestic violence and the victim-offender relationship, intimate partners is accounted for about 15 percent of all domestic violent crimes. Current or
Intimate partner violence has been a significant issue for centuries in all countries. "Since 1974, nearly 2,600 spousal homicides have been recorded in Canada" (Bunge, 2002). Of these homicides, more than three-quarters have been against women. Although through feminism and the women's liberation movement, there has been a slight improvement in the incidences of violence against women, there has also been a drastic change in the perception of the issue by society. After reviewing the most recent literature on violence against women and victimization through intimate partners, it has become prevalent that there are now two crucial stances that are taken. The first position is that of the women being victimized as the main issue, including prevention, causes and incidences. The second position is that of women becoming more 'aggressive' and the issue of violence against both men and women. "Wife battering- the original problem constituted by the 1970s feminists- has morphed into 'domestic violence' and then into 'husband abuse'" (Minaker, 2006). This literature review will examine the background information on intimate partner violence including different arguments and perspectives, theories, and methodologies as well as discuss the major findings and future directions of research.
“Domestic violence is an emotional, physical, psychological, or sexual abuse perpetrated against a person by a person's spouse, former spouse, partner, former partner or by the other parent of a minor child” (McCue 2). While it is these things, the violence is also considered a pattern of demeanor used to establish power and control over another person with whom an intimate relationship is or has been shared through fear and intimidation (“Domestic Violence Sourcebook” 9). It has many names, including spouse abuse, domestic abuse, domestic assault, battering, partner abuse, marital strife, marital dispute, wife-beating, marital discord, woman abuse, dysfunctional relationship, intimate fighting, mate beating, and so on (2). Donna Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Accommodations, believes that domestic violence is “terrorism in the home” (2). This type of abuse involves threats, harm, injury, harassment, control, terrorism, or damage to living beings/property (2). It isn't only in relationships with spouses, it also occurs within family, elderly, and children (9).
Domestic violence is an intentional intimidation, physical assault, sexual assault, and other abusive behavior by an intimate partner against the other. Domestic violence includes physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence, and emotional abuse. When domestic violence occurred it not only affects the victim, but it also affects the family of the victim, and the children who may witness the altercation or discussion. According to The National Domestic Violence Hotline “an average of 24 individuals per minute are victims of rape, physical violence or stalking by an intimate partner in the United States more than 12 million women and men over the course of a year.” ( Statistics) Most of these involved are females ages 18 to 34, as they generally experience
However, it is too often overlook that domestic violence may not only occur in terms of a man meting out violence against a woman but could also render a man as the victim too. Many times people turn their backs on male victims of domestic violence (Murray, S. & Powell, A. (2007). Due to the focus on violence against women, men lack a proper or even popular framework to fight domestic violence when it occurs that they are victims (Cruz, 1996). There is also a stereotype that only women can be victims of domestic violence. This makes it hard for men to open up and report when they experience violence from a partner (Cruz, 1996).
The United States Department of Justice reports that women are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. (Catalano, 2006) It is estimated that two million women a year are victims of physical abuse each year, and that number does not include any other form of intimate partner violence. (Connelly, et al. 2006) Intimate partner violence results in fatalities in thirty percent of all female homicides. (Catalano, 2006) For males, the percentage goes down to five percent. Men and woman ages twenty to thirty-four are at the highest risk for intimate partner violence. Again, both men and women who are married but separated are at higher risk for intimate partner violence. Black and white females are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. However, white females are more likely to be victims of fatal intimate partner violence. Individuals with a lower income and socioeconomic status are at a greater risk, but females are at a greater risk regardless of income.
Sinha, M. (2012). Family violence in Canada: A statistical profile, 2010. Juristat. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X. Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2012001/article/11643-eng.pdf
Domestic violence occurs in many different ways. Domestic violence can be sexual, physical, emotional, mental, and psychological. All domestic violence cases are different, but have the same pattern. According to The United States Department of Justice, domestic violence is “any behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound someone”. In other words, people show domestic violence in different ways, they can physically or mentally try to hurt or harm their partners. Most people who was experiencing domestic violence kept it a secret, because they were ashamed. However, nowadays people are becoming more vocal about the issue and they are defending themselves by speaking
Thesis: In my paper, I will be examining the different types, possible causes, and effects of Intimate Partner Violence, and what treatments or programs are available to combat this growing problem in America. Regardless of differing approaches to fight it, statistics show that women all across the world suffer from the effects of domestic violence at a similar rate independent of class, race, or religion.
Just under half a million Australian women reported that they had experienced physical or sexual violence or sexual assault. Women that are personally victimized by domestic violence become emotionally unstable and they are unable to cope with certain situations. Many think that it is their fault because they think they’ve done something wrong to cause their spouse attack them. However, women aren’t the only victims when it comes to domestic violence; men are victims too. The majority of violence against men is committed by other men. Of men who reported that they had experienced physical violence, 73.7% said that the perpetrator was a male, but that doesn’t mean women don’t abuse males just as much. Women are much more sympathised than men when it comes to domestic violence. People just assume that if a male is getting physically or emotionally abused, they’re a wimp and can’t fight for themselves. Whereas if a women was the victim, people automatically blame the abuser. At least one in three victims of some type of domestic violence is
This epidemic had a detrimental impact on not only those directly involved, but society itself. Whatever form the violence takes, it has serious and often devastating consequences for victims, their extended families and the community. Domestic violence puts more women aged 15-44 at risk of ill-health and premature death than any other risk factor. (White Ribbon). It remains the largest single cause of homelessness among women and children (NSW Women’s Refuge Movement Inc.).In turn, Domestic Violence comes at an enormous economic cost of an estimated $13.6 billion nationally each. This figure is expected to rise to $15.6 billion by 2021 (National plan to reduce violence against women and their children 2010 – 2022). It can also be criticised in application, due to the lack of mandatory legal protections post incident. Current legislative tools do not provide temporary removal of domestic violence offenders from their homes. Victims and their perpetrators, following reports are more often forced to remain in the same household, which can lead to further aggravation of circumstances. On this basis alone, victims more often than not are reluctant to report future incidences and may also withdraw initial reports in fear. Although effective in identifying elements of domestic violence, regarding dynamic relations and forms of violence, these statistics indicate ineffective application
The statistics available on violence against women are startling. Domestic violence is the major cause of death and disability for European women ages 16 to 44 and accounts for more deaths and injuries than automobile accidents and cancer. The Russian government estimates that over 14,000 women were killed by family members in 1999, but there is still no legislation that specifically addresses domestic violence. In South Africa, more women are shot in the home by relatives than are shot on the streets or by intruders (web.amnesty.org).
According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, there are more than 960,000 annual cases of domestic violence in the United States, 85% of the domestic violence victims are women, and women are eight times more likely than men to be a victim of assault by an intimate partner conservatively estimate that at least 11% of women in the United States are involved in abusive intimate relationships.
Violence against women (VAW) is now considered and recognized as a public health predicament and a human rights infringement of a worldwide scale and force (Ono, 2013; Raj & Silverman, 2002). Research evidence exists for it serving as a crucial social determinant of health and its resulting vast and damaging impact on physical and mental health for women in Canada (Sharma, 2001). Violence as a concept includes diverse forms of abuse that are directed at women and girls across their lifetime. One critical category or form of violence against women is domestic violence. For the purpose of this paper terms violence against women and domestic violence will be used interchangeably. Domestic violence has been recognized as a critical social problem