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Solving the problem of domestic violence
Solving the problem of domestic violence
Solving the problem of domestic violence
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According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), twenty-four people per minute are affected be intimate partner violence. (2013) It is estimated that twelve million people in the United States alone are affected each year. Intimate partner violence includes anything from physical or sexual abuse to psychological abuse to stalking or threats by a current or former partner. This form of violence can occur among couples that identify with any sexual orientation. The CDC reports that individuals who identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual are at an equal or higher risk for intimate partner violence. (2013) Sexual intimacy within the relationship is not a requirement for violence to be considered intimate partner violence. (CDC, 2013) The United States Department of Justice reports that women are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. (Catalano, 2006) It is estimated that two million women a year are victims of physical abuse each year, and that number does not include any other form of intimate partner violence. (Connelly, et al. 2006) Intimate partner violence results in fatalities in thirty percent of all female homicides. (Catalano, 2006) For males, the percentage goes down to five percent. Men and woman ages twenty to thirty-four are at the highest risk for intimate partner violence. Again, both men and women who are married but separated are at higher risk for intimate partner violence. Black and white females are more likely to be victims of nonfatal intimate partner violence. However, white females are more likely to be victims of fatal intimate partner violence. Individuals with a lower income and socioeconomic status are at a greater risk, but females are at a greater risk regardless of income. ... ... middle of paper ... ...: The Official Journal Of The International Society For The Study Of Dissociation (ISSD), 8(2), 47-68. Smith, P. H., Homish, G. G., Leonard, K. E., & Cornelius, J. R. (2012). Intimate partner violence and specific substance use disorders: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Psychology Of Addictive Behaviors, 26(2), 236-245. Stith, S. M., Mccollum, E. E., Amanor‐Boadu, Y., Smith, D. (2012) Systemic Perspectives on Intimate Partner Violence Treatment. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 38(1), 220 – 240. Stuart, G. L., Moore, T. M., Elkins, S. R., O’Farrell, T. J., Temple, J. R., Ramsey, S. E., & Shorey, R. C. (2013). The temporal association between substance use and intimate partner violence among women arrested for domestic violence. Journal Of Consulting And Clinical Psychology, 81(4), 681-690.
“Domestic violence, or intimate partner violence, is defined as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors, including physical, sexual, and psychological attacks as well as economic coercion that adults or adolescents use against their intimate partners” (Peeks-Asa). When it comes to domestic violence many people don’t want to get involved, but if just one person took a stand maybe others would follow and potentially save a life, like the neighbors did in The Day It Happened by Rosario Morales. Domestic violence can happen to anyone at any time, there is no typical victim or perpetrator. The fact that there is no one specific group that domestic violence occurs in more than another, only makes it more difficult to get an accurate representation of just who is being affected by this crime. “Domestic violence and abuse does not discriminate” (Smith and Segal). Domestic violence can have specific victims such as a spouse or domestic partner, a child, or an elder. Domestic violence can affect men as well as women. Some types of domestic violence are physical, verbal or nonverbal, sexual, stalking or cyberstalking, economic or financial, and spiritual.
Intimate partner violence does not discriminate. The ramifications of domestic violence can lead to serious issues within a family and one’s mental health (Graham-Bermann & Miller-Graff, 2015). Women and men can be abused. When discussing the how the perpetrator’s loved one is affected by intimate partner violence, one must recognize the ways that it impacts men and women.
Intimate partner homicide includes the killing of an intimate partner. It is critical to define the partner relationship. In general, it includes current spouses, formal spouses, boyfriends, and girlfriends. In the meantime, several studies consider same gender partners because some states cover same-gender intimate partner violence (Zeoli, Norris, & Brenner, 2011). For example, Fox and Swatt’s (2009) categorizations include spouses, common...
Forsyth, K., Taylor, R., Kramer, J., Prior, S., Richie, L., Whitehead, J., Owen, C., & Melton, M.
Pichert, J. W., Moore, I. N., Catron, T. F., Ross, J. C., Westlake, M. W., Karrass, J.,
Sullivan, T. N., Helms, S. W., Bettancourt, A. F., Sutherland, K., Lotze, G. M., Mays, S.,
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is historically referred to as domestic violence. It describes a pattern of coercive and assaultive behavior that may include psychological abuse, progressive isolation, sexual assault, physical injury, stalking, intimidation, deprivation, and reproductive coercion among partners (The Family Violence Prevention Fund (FVPF), 1999). IPV leads to lifelong consequences such as lasting physical impairment, emotional trauma, chronic health problems, and even death. It is an issue effecting individuals in every community, regardless of age, economic status, race, religion, nationality or educational background. Eighty-five percent of domestic violence victims are women (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2003). More than one in three women in the United States have experienced rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime (The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2012). Thirty to sixty percent of perpetrators tend to also abuse children in the household (Edelson, 1999). Witnessing violence between parents or caretakers is considered the strongest risk factor of transmitting violent behavior from one generation to the next (Break the Cycle, 2006).
Ornstein, R., Rosen, D., Mammel, K., Callahan, S., Forman, S., Jay, M., Fisher, M., Rome, E., &
McHugh, M. C., & Frieze, I. H. (2006). Intimate partner violence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1087, 121–141. doi: 10.1196/annals.1385.011
Domestic violence can affect anyone, regardless of ethnicity, race, income, class, age, disability, religion, sexual orientation or gender identity. One in four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime. Domestic violence occurs in same-sex relationships, and men can be victims as well.
Thesis: In my paper, I will be examining the different types, possible causes, and effects of Intimate Partner Violence, and what treatments or programs are available to combat this growing problem in America. Regardless of differing approaches to fight it, statistics show that women all across the world suffer from the effects of domestic violence at a similar rate independent of class, race, or religion.
According to the U.S. Department of Justice, between 1998 and 2002: 84% of spouse abuse victims were females, and 86% of victims of dating partner abuse at were female. As a consequence, the racial diversity in US has created an impact on the current policy implementation and programs. This will helps us identify which individuals are reporting the greatest domestic violence rates regarding race, ethnicity, marital status and educational level. By studying the domestic violence abuse rates among races will help to identify which social class is currently being impacted. Action is needed for the destination of funding and development of programs aimed to help the
The term "intimate partner violence" describes physical violence, sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression (including coercive acts) by a current or former intimate partner. Examples of intimate partners include current or former spouses, boyfriends or girlfriends, dating partners, or sexual partners. IPV can occur between heterosexual or same-sex couples and does not require sexual intimacy.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1,510 people in the United States died at the hands of a spouse or other intimate partner and 2 million women suffered injuries from IPV (Minority, 2013). Alarming statistics from the Department of Justice show that almost 50% of Native American females have been raped, beaten, or stalked by an intimate partner and that 30% of African American women have been subjected to domestic abuse (Townes, 2013). African American women, suffer violence at rates remarkably higher than any other racial groups in the United States. Generally, African American women experience intimate partner violence at a rate 35% higher than that of Caucasian women, and about 22 times the rate of women of other races. African-American women also experience significantly higher rates of domestic violence than Caucasian women and the number one killer of African American women between the ages of 15 to 34 is homicide at the hands of a current or former intimate partner (American Bar Association, 2016). In a study of African American sexual assault survivors, only 17% reported the assault to police (American Bar Association, 2016). One-third of women subjected to domestic violence seek the help of health professionals, and almost 100% of women agreed that domestic violence should be a focal point of medical examinations. (Townes, 2013)
In 2007, domestic violence resulted in 2,340 deaths in the United States, and 70% of those killed were female (CDC, 2012). Each year in the United States, one in four women are victims of intimate partner violence (Stahly, 2008) and the U.S. Department of Justice has estimated that this number could be doubled as it only represents the women who repot abuse to the police.