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Domestic violence reflective account
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Domestic Violence as Oppression Oppression is not a new phenomenon and it is defined in the social work dictionary as a social act of placing severe restrictions on individual, group, or institution. Typically a government or political organization in power places restrictions formally or covertly oppressed groups so they may be exploited and less able to compete with other social groups. The oppressed individual or group is devalued, exploited, and deprived of privileges by the individual or group who has more power (Barker, 2003). Therefore, domestic violence is a form of oppression and control usually perpetrated against women and/or children and is defined by the social work dictionary as abuse of children, older people, spouses, and others in the home usually by another member of the family or other residents. The social problem in which one's property health or life are endangered or on as a result of the intentional behavior of another family member (Barker, 2003). According to the National Crime Victimization Survey, there are more than 960,000 annual cases of domestic violence in the United States, 85% of the domestic violence victims are women, and women are eight times more likely than men to be a victim of assault by an intimate partner conservatively estimate that at least 11% of women in the United States are involved in abusive intimate relationships. The preponderance of the evidence suggests that the experience of domestic violence varies greatly depending on demographic characteristics. For instance, higher rates of domestic violence are more likely to be experienced by Black women, women ages 16 to 24, women with children under the age of 12, and women living in lower income households. Thus, women who a... ... middle of paper ... ...n, R. L., LaTaillade, J. J., Dacey, A., & Marghi, J. R. (2008). Evaluating Domestic Violence Interventions for Black Women. Journal Of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 16(3), 330-353. Kapadia, M., Saleem, S., & Karim, M. S. (2010). The hidden figure: sexual intimate partner violence among Pakistani women. European Journal Of Public Health, 20(2), 164-168. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckp110 United Nations Development Fund (2009) Ending Violence against Women, A new volume of case studies explores what works. Available from: http://www.unfpa.org/public/News/pid/1967. Accessed on April 2014 United Nation (1993) Declaration on the elimination of violence against women: proceedings from the United Nation world conference on Human Rights G.A. res. 48/104, 48 GAOR Supp.(No. 49) at 217, Doc. A/48/49.https://www.unfpa.org/swp/2005/english/notes/page3.htm Accessed on April 2014
Intimate partner violence has been a significant issue for centuries in all countries. "Since 1974, nearly 2,600 spousal homicides have been recorded in Canada" (Bunge, 2002). Of these homicides, more than three-quarters have been against women. Although through feminism and the women's liberation movement, there has been a slight improvement in the incidences of violence against women, there has also been a drastic change in the perception of the issue by society. After reviewing the most recent literature on violence against women and victimization through intimate partners, it has become prevalent that there are now two crucial stances that are taken. The first position is that of the women being victimized as the main issue, including prevention, causes and incidences. The second position is that of women becoming more 'aggressive' and the issue of violence against both men and women. "Wife battering- the original problem constituted by the 1970s feminists- has morphed into 'domestic violence' and then into 'husband abuse'" (Minaker, 2006). This literature review will examine the background information on intimate partner violence including different arguments and perspectives, theories, and methodologies as well as discuss the major findings and future directions of research.
Tjaden, P., Thoennes, N. (2000b). Full report of the prevalence, incidence, and consequences of violence against women: Findings from the Violence Against Women Survey. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice.
West, C. (2004). Black women and intimate partner violence: new directions for research. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(12), 1487-1493.
Every nine seconds in the United States a woman is assaulted or beaten; that works out to nine thousand six hundred women every twenty-four hours (DVS.org). This type of abuse occurs everyday, all over the world, but most cases are neglected and never reported to the police. Domestic violence is one of the most chronically underreported crimes in the world. It is estimated that only one-fourth of all physical attacks, one-fifth of all rapes, and one-half of all stalkings against women are reported to the authorities (NCADV). The lack of reported cases that take place just give abusers another foothold in the climb to the top.
Domestic abuse, also known as domestic violence, can occur between two people in an intimate relationship. The abuser is not always the man; it can also be the woman. Domestic abuse can happen between a woman and a man, a man and a man, or a woman and a woman. Domestic abuse shows no preference. If one partner feels abusive, it does not matter their sexual orientation, eventually the actions they are feeling will come out towards their partner.
During the 1980s and 1900s, domestic violence was one of the most unreported crimes that involve females and males getting hurt and dying. Kicking, choking, killing, and saying brutal or despise words that could hurt the victims physically or emotionally are considered domestic violence. In fact, many victims are afraid to seek for help. According to “The Domestic Violence Resource Center (DVRC), women account for approximately 85 percent of all intimate partner violence, with women aged 20-24 at greater risk” (Batten, par.16). Most pregnant women are at risk as well. “But underlying approach is still one that assumes the perpetrators are men and the victims are woman” (Haugen, par. 1). Moreover, both males and females believe that domestic violence is a solution to their issues.
Domestic violence can affect anyone, regardless of ethnicity, race, income, class, age, disability, religion, sexual orientation or gender identity. One in four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime. Domestic violence occurs in same-sex relationships, and men can be victims as well.
Thesis: In my paper, I will be examining the different types, possible causes, and effects of Intimate Partner Violence, and what treatments or programs are available to combat this growing problem in America. Regardless of differing approaches to fight it, statistics show that women all across the world suffer from the effects of domestic violence at a similar rate independent of class, race, or religion.
According to the U.S. Department of Justice, between 1998 and 2002: 84% of spouse abuse victims were females, and 86% of victims of dating partner abuse at were female. As a consequence, the racial diversity in US has created an impact on the current policy implementation and programs. This will helps us identify which individuals are reporting the greatest domestic violence rates regarding race, ethnicity, marital status and educational level. By studying the domestic violence abuse rates among races will help to identify which social class is currently being impacted. Action is needed for the destination of funding and development of programs aimed to help the
Domestic Violence -is a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviors and tactics by one person to gain power and control over a partner (Halket, Gormley, Mello, Rosenthal, &Mirkin, 2014).
Despite the globalization, the societal perception and views on violence are not changing towards a betterment of gender equity. Similarly, that can be found in most third world countries.
Domestic violence is not just fighting, hitting or an occasional argument. It’s a chronic abuse of power. The abuser of domestic violence, controls and tortures the victim of threats, intimidation, and physical violence. Domestic violence is one of the leading causes of violence in America. The abusers are not only men, women can be abusers as well. Women make up the vast majority of domestic violence. According to the American Bar Association (ABA), 90-95% of domestic violence victims are females and 70% of intimidating homicides are females. Domestic violence is a serious crime and everyone needs to be aware of its effects. This essay presents and explains the evidence supporting the major risk factors for intimate partner homicides.
The statistics available on violence against women are startling. Domestic violence is the major cause of death and disability for European women ages 16 to 44 and accounts for more deaths and injuries than automobile accidents and cancer. The Russian government estimates that over 14,000 women were killed by family members in 1999, but there is still no legislation that specifically addresses domestic violence. In South Africa, more women are shot in the home by relatives than are shot on the streets or by intruders (web.amnesty.org).
In 1974, a study was done which compared male and female domestic violence. In that study, it was found that 47% of husbands had used physical violence on their wives, and 33% of wives had used violence on their husbands (Gelles 1974). Half of the respondents in this study were selected from either cases of domestic violence reported to the police, or those identified by the social service agency.
United Nations. (1993, December 20). Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. Retrieved from United Nations: http://www.unhchr.ch/huridocda/huridoca.nsf/