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Factor affecting criminal behavior
Factor affecting criminal behavior
Relationships between poverty and crime
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How often do people think of engaging in criminal behavior? Most people think avoiding criminal behavior is not a difficult task and should be able to be avoided easily. This is sadly not always the case. There are many circumstances and many theories about criminal behavior and the reasons why certain people partake in the actions. Throughout childhood, the chance of a person engaging in criminal behavior later in life can raise because of lack of knowledge of good morals, a high rate of bad circumstances or other struggles throughout their early lifetime.
The lack of knowledge about the correct morals is one very important in determining whether or not a person may engage in criminal behavior later in their life. When a person doesn’t know what is right and what is wrong, they don’t know the limits of what they should and should not do. Learning the moral standards for what is right or wrong is something that many people learn and think of easily, but in a childhood where these teachings are never mentioned, they have no ability to judge what they should be doing. In the article by Lippke, he states “morals are the basis of all knowledge.” Similarly, Ferguson reports “Morals are taught at the beginning for a reason. This is what fuels the beginning of correct choices.” This supports the idea of morals being provided because people truly have nowhere and nobody to look up to. When something bad happens to them, they know no other way to respond. Some people say that even though basic morals were never directly taught to the children, there would still be available role models and some ways for them to learn to do better later in life. Sadly, this is not always the case. In some cases, children live in crime filled cities an...
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...g argument against that query. Childhood in its all is very important and cannot be replaced. Without a successful childhood, teachings and memories in all, crime can be expected to be present for years to follow in the surrounding areas.
Works Cited
Fergusson, PhD, David, Nicola Swain-Campbell, PhD, and John Horwood, MSc. How does childhood economic disadvantage lead to crime?" Journal of Child Psychology & Psychology 45.5 (2004): 956-966. Web. 4 Mar. 2014.
Kawachi, Ichiro, Bruce P. Kennedy, and Richard G. Wilkinson. "Crime: social disorganization and relative deprivation." Social Science & Medicine 48.6 (1999): n. pag. Electronic Journal Center. Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
Lippke, Richard L. "Diminished Opportunities, Diminished Capacities: Social Deprivation and Punishment." Social Theory and Practice 29 (2003): n. pag. Academic Search . Web. 26 Feb. 2014.
Rose, Dina R., and Todd R. Clear. 1998. Incarceration, Social Capital, and Crime: Implications for Social Disorganization Theory. Criminology 36 (3). Snell, Tracy L. 1994.
Travis, J., & Waul, M. (2002). Reflections on the crime decline: Lessons for the future. Proceedings from the Urban Institute Crime Decline Forum (pp. 1-38). Washington, D. C.: Urban Institute Justice Policy Center.
McCarthy, B. (2002). NEW ECONOMICS OF SOCIOLOGICAL CRIMINOLOGY. Annual Review Of Sociology, 28(1), 417-442. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.28.110601.140752
The fact that poverty is self-perpetuating is a documented fact. Criminal and delinquent activity may also be an accepted part of the total picture for deprived kids. It's h...
For decades, researchers have tried to determine why crime rates are stronger and why different crimes occur more often in different locations. Certain crimes are more prevalent in urban areas for several reasons (Steven D. Levitt, 1998, 61). Population, ethnicity, and inequality all contribute to the more popular urban. Determining why certain crimes occur more often than others is important in Criminal Justice so researchers can find a trend and the police can find a solution (Rodrigo R. Soares, 2004, 851). The Uniform Crime Reports are a method in which the government collects data, and monitors criminal activity in the United States (Rodrigo R. Soares, 2004, 851). They have both positive and negative attributes that have influenced
Wilson, James and Herrnstein, Richard. "Crime & Human Nature: The Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime" New York: Free Press, 1998.
Therefore, the community has informal social control, or the connection between social organization and crime. Some of the helpful factors to a community can be informal surveillance, movement-governing rules, and direct intervention. They also contain unity, structure, and integration. All of these qualities are proven to improve crime rate. Socially disorganized communities lack those qualities. According to our lecture, “characteristics such as poverty, residential mobility, and racial/ethnic heterogeneity contribute to social disorganization.” A major example would be when a community has weak social ties. This can be caused from a lack of resources needed to help others, such as single-parent families or poor families. These weak social ties cause social disorganization, which then leads higher levels of crime. According to Seigel, Social disorganization theory concentrates on the circumstances in the inner city that affect crimes. These circumstances include the deterioration of the neighborhoods, the lack of social control, gangs and other groups who violate the law, and the opposing social values within these neighborhoods (Siegel,
This theory however as some have argued has emerged from social disorganisation theory, which sees the causes of crime as a matter of macro level disadvantage. Macro level disadvantage are the following: low socioeconomic status, ethnic or racial heterogeneity, these things they believe are the reasons for crime due to the knock on effect these factors have on the community network and schools. Consequently, if th...
When the social, educational, financial and health needs of a person are not satisfied through the family then they may be inclined towards criminal activities. There are some other family related factors that affect the behavior of children and they might go for criminal activities. Some of these factors include adaptation of bad parenting practices and styles, neglecting the child, child abuse and trend of criminal behavior in the family which is then learned by the child. It also includes a family history with mental illness, teenage pregnancy, substance use, school dropout and interpersonal conflicts among the family members (Cassel & Bernstein, 2007).
One of the main ideas that cover the link between crime and the role of the family was that single parenthood is a risk factor. It was suggested that father absence in childhood was a cause of crime but this may not be as relevant in today’s society as divorce is much more common and it may have been more about the social exclusion the children experienced from the outside world because of their parents divorce (ref). Both Loeber and Stouthamer-Loeber (1986) along with Farrington (1991) researched into the affect of the number of siblings in the family on the likelihood of committing crime. Both pieces of research found that if the family contained more children, money was short creating chaos and mischief was generally less detectable (ref). Altogether this can lead to children not being able to distinguish good behaviour from bad due to lack of punishment/operant conditioning which may carry on to them performing the same behaviours (such as using violence to get their way) in the outside world, making them more likely to commit crime. Another way OC affects the likelihood of committing violent crime is if violent behaviour was observed within the family in childhood. For instance many studies have been conducted into this topic and findings generally conclude that if children witness or experience violent physical or sexual abuse within the family it is
Crime and criminalization are dependent on social inequality Social inequality there are four major forms of inequality, class gender race and age, all of which influence crime. In looking at social classes and relationship to crime, studies have shown that citizens of the lower class are more likely to commit crimes of property and violence than upper-class citizens: who generally commit political and economic crimes. In 2007 the National Crime Victimization Survey showed that families with an income of $15000 or less had a greater chance of being victimized; recalling that lower classes commit a majority of those crimes. We can conclude that crime generally happens within classes.
From 1991-2000, statistically there was a dramatic decline in crime nationally. The statistics studied were of all categories of crimes considered serious, including: homicides which decreased by 39%; rape which decreased by 41%; robbery which decreased by 44%; aggravated assault which decreased by 24%; burglary which decreased by 41%; auto theft which decreased by 37%; and larceny which decreased by 23%. The statistics show a range of decline of 23-44%! (United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation 1990, 2000. Uniform Crime Report. Washington, D.C.) The evidence indicates that the benefit of declining crime rates are concentrated on specific groups with...
It is hard for anyone to understand why people commit heinous crimes. We as human beings are all capable of committing or engaging in delinquent behavior. What stands in the way of a person that decides to engage in deviant behavior or to choose not to commit crimes at all. We may never truly know or understand the real reasons behind why certain people engage in delinquent behavior. Early philosophers and scientists studied the Criminal Justice System and the behavior of criminals using different forms of theories, which in turn, lead to the Classical School and the Positive School.
Cohen, Patricia. “Genetic Basis for Crime: A New Look .“ The New York Times. The New York Times, 19 June 2011. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
Loeber, R and Farrington, D (2000). Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications. Development and Psychopathology, , pp 737-762.