Introduction
Confessional culture is a contentious facet of tabloidization. It has been condemned by the media industry because of its degrading nature. This is because confessional culture entails on the concealment of the truth between the private and the public domains. This means that, it is an increasing concealing between private and public and the concern to reveals the truth. The reality of existence of confession culture can be traced through the rise of reality media and the web 2.0, which means that culture is continuing to publicize the private and using the media to expose the truth about the society. This paper focuses on the issue of confessional culture; “Do we live in a confessional culture”?
Foucault studies on confession
In reference to Foucault studies, the relationship between truth, confession and sexuality is explored. This is because, these extent of these concepts bear on confession, which are perhaps more pawn instinctive now, than they were earlier. Confessional does not disclose the truth that it produces, neither does it liberate, but condemn shame. Thi...
In this paper. I will discuss how in the case study " Shame and Making truth". The author M. Cameron Hay tries to solve the conflict between high and low context culture and high low uncertainty avoidance in his new family in Indonesia. I will discuss the problems the author faced by using examples from the case, my personal experienced and an article called culture and conflicts by Michael LeBaron.
Unlike other texts of the time, Augustine’s confessions are less of an epic tale or instructive texts, both of which soug...
Far too often, we are influenced mentally and socially by Media. The new millennium has accepted all sources of media has almost more prudent source of information. As defined by The Merriam Webster Dictionary , Media is “a medium of cultivation, conveyance, or expression (Smiler).” For the purposes of this essay, I will condense the broad spectrum of media and focus specifically on these forms : print media, television , movies, and the internet. Within the Written composition, A trifling media written by Shakira Smiler, she carefully examines piece by piece why she believes not only men are trifling but as well how media has influenced why it's acceptable. Within her exposition, she speaks to infidelity , immaturity, and specifically, seeing
Foucault, M. (1978). The history of sexuality, Volume I: An introduction (R. Hurley, Trans.). New York: Vintage. (Original work published 1976)
I decided to focus my paper on the first volume, the most mentioned and most known, which is a deep analysis of the last two centuries of history of sexuality, particularly oriented in finding out why and how sexuality is an object of discussion. Foucault is not interested in sexuality itself, but he is interested in how it has become an object of knowledge. Why, in the past few centuries, have we increasingly come to see our identity as bound with our sexuality?
For Foucault—similarly or on the other hand, however, Foucault’s speculation on punishment and morality is that punishment is used, also for a variety of reasons, also unstable and dynamic historically. Foucault focuses in particular on a change in our ideas about punishment like Nietzsche. In the first situation, where punishment is more “festival-like” as Nietzsche would say, the joy is not for the people as much as it is for a festival to...
The objective of norm in American, by Michael Schudson, explores how and why the objective norms developed in American journalism. Objective is one of the most important occupational values of American journalism, it can be identified by following measures: express allegiance, ethnographers’ observations and occupational routines, resist with the challenging behaviour, impersonality and non-partisanship in news content. Differencing from some scholars’ opinions that economic and technological change enhances the ethic of objective, Schudson thinks four conditions encourage the articulation of norms. Two of them are Durkheimian, the other two are Weberian. One of the Durkheimian conditions thinks the emergence of norm is to achieve horizontal solidarity, another Durkheimian condition find the norm is used to identify the group from other groups. Both Durkheimian conditions are concluded as social cohesion. The Weberian conditions find norm is not appear abruptly, they are transfer from the old generation, who were benefit from these rules, to the young generation. It is the tool for the superiors to control subordinates in a complex organization. Weberian condition is to satisfy the need of social control. By discussing the history of American journalism development, this essay outlining the emergence of these four conditions in the late 19th and early 20th century. By doing so, the author found the reason why a new moral norm appeared in American journalism. Compared with European journalism, this article discusses why objectivity as a norm first and most fully appears in American instead of Europe.
In The Introduction to the History of Sexuality, Foucault explains how during the 19th century with the raise of new societies, the discourse or knowledge about sex was not confronted with repulsion but it “put into operation an entire machinery for producing true discourses concerning sex” (Foucault 69). In fact, this spreading of discourse on sexuality itself gives a clear account of how sexuality has been controlled and confined because it was determined in a certain kind of knowledge that carries power within it. Foucault reflects on the general working hypothesis or “repressive hypothesis,” and how this has exercised power to suppress people’s sexuality. It has power on deciding what is normal or abnormal and ethical or unethical about sexuality. Through discourses of life and sexuality, power is exercised because humans learned how to behave in relation to sexuality, which method keep individuals controlled and regulated. This explains why people experience that sense of behaving inappropriate when we talk about sex in a different way than the whole society. Foucault points up how sexuality is not just treated in terms of morality, but it is a matter of knowledge and “truth.” However, these discourses, including sexual discourses are not true or false, but they are just understood to be the truth or falsehood to control society. As a result, sexuality begins to be explored in a scientific way, developing the “truth” science of sex (Foucault 69). For Foucault, he asserts that sexuality has developed as a form of science that keeps us all afraid of such phenomena, which people think to be true, thus this science helps society to discipline and control individuals’ behaviors.
In Sigmund Freud’s “Sexual Morality and Modern Nervousness”, contained in Sexuality and the Psychology of Love, the writer presents separate roles for men and women as it relates to sexuality, even referring to a “double code of morality” (22) for the genders. In his paper the former often takes the role of the subject while the former becomes the object. In fact, women are described as the “true sexual guardians of the race” glorified, it seems, instead of truly studied. However, in one particular section of the essay, Freud turns his focus onto the female sexuality. In specific he references the various factors that, in his eyes, can influence the female sexual formation. The primary influences being that of the society, primarily the institution of marriage, and that of the family, which would include both a woman’s parents and children. After discussing these elements, Freud then
Foucault argues that the modern idea of sexuality was historically constituted when medical science delimited deviance. Although Foucault addresses that sexuality was shaped rather than repressed by the scientific will to know, the purpose was relegating sexual repression.
Foucault, Michel. “Power and Sex.” Politics. Philosophy. Culture-Interviews and Other Writings 1977-1984. Ed. Lawrence D. Kritzman. New York, New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc., 1988. 110-124.
This essay will analyze and critique Michel Foucault’s (1984) essay The Use of Pleasure in order to reveal certain internal weaknesses it contains and propose modifications that would strengthen his reading of sexuality as a domain of moral self-formation. In order to do so, it will present a threefold critique of his work. Firstly, it will argue that that his focus on solely the metric of pleasure divorced from its political manifestations underemphasizes state power as a structuring principle of sexuality. Secondly, it will posit that his attention to classical morality privileges written works by male elites and fails to account for the subtexts that would demonstrate other forms of morality. Finally, it will argue that the nature of actors’ resistance to moral codes, explicated through Butler’s concept of iterability and signification, is an important factor that should also be considered. As a result of this critique, this essay
However, the characteristic theme of Porter's[1] critique of postmodern materialism is a textual reality. Foucault suggests the use of subsemantic cultural theory to analyse and read sexual identity.
The gossip industry has become popular in the last few decades. Our society enjoys knowing about the lives of celebrities. We obsess over celebrities on gossip websites, and even obsess to the extent of stalking these celebrities. This industry has impacted our culture immensely. It has tainted our culture in several ways from creating bad role models for our children to making stalking an everyday affair; either way, the media has changed our society greatly. The gossip industry has brought new entertainment for our pleasure, but it has come with negative consequences.
Encapsulated in a democratic homeland since the advent of time, media systems are habitually acclaimed as the “fourth power,” with its journalists often hailed as the “watch-dogs” of such a society. Lending itself to act as ‘gatekeeper’ for the wider society and performing the traditional role of journalism, the media (overall) exist as powerful “instruments of knowledge” that perform the function of providing information to the masses in a public sphere, where issues may be discussed, justified and contested (Scannell, 1995, p. 17). Evidently, media workers play a pivotal role in our society; however, their status in the realm of professions is not definite. Although the above emphasize the predicament at the heart of ...