Disadvantages Of Urbanisation

Introduction

Urbanisation is the impact of migration of people from rural to urban areas. It has a great impact on the population growth of a country because when a country becomes urbanised the birth rate tends to rise, while the death rate tends to fall. I chose the topic because of the various dimensions that go into defining the benefits as well as the pain points circumventing the topic. While on one side benefits in terms of improvement in the standard of living of migrants because of better exposure and convenience far outweighs the cons in terms of shortage of resources, space crunch as there are far more people to be accommodated in the limited resources available in cities and therefore the pressure on housing, sanitation, environment

There is no balance in movement from rural area to big cities and movement from rural area to mid city or small city. Comparatively big cities always attains inordinately large population size which takes toll on urban services. It also lead various other problems like housing/accommodation, slums, water, basic infrastructure, quality life. Economic reforms initiated by then Finance Minister Dr Manmohan Singh has opened various opportunities to address negative effects of urbanisation. It ultimately lead to Globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation. Policy makers should plan to redirect investments to make strong economic base for small & medium cities for migration flows to be redirected these

But high pace of urbanisation has lead to overpopulation to a localised geographical area or a major city. Thus it has resulted in Unemployment and is a critical problem where pace of industrialisation is slow and pace of urbanisation due to migration from rural to urban area is high. (b) Pollution - Increase in Air pollution due to industrialisation, its gases & fumes, increase in motorised traffic. Increase in Water Pollution due to poor sewage facility and disposal system of industrial waste. Increase in Noise & Land pollution due to industrialisation, motors, vehicles, uncollected refuge heaps and littering.

(c) Poor Sanitation due to more population than availability of accommodation. Basically rate of urban growth is observed to be always more than the planned supply of housing, medical facilities, social services and public transport by the government agencies. One of the basic reason is poor water & sewage provisions which does not cater for sudden increase in