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Economic challenges of developing countries
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SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Skills development aims at creating a workforce, empowered with necessary skills , upgraded knowledge and required qualification which will help them to increase their competitiveness and gain decent employment in dynamic global market.
MODES OF ENTRY INTO SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AREA
• Public Pvt. Partnership- Government runs a lot of skills development organization to help people in order to develop their skills and knowledge. So the group can work with government because they have wide reach, and infrastructure to promote skills development activities.
• Private centers- Company can set up their own private centers to train and develop people skills. This requires a lot of infrastructure build up but this way they can have more control over the functioning of such centers. The privately run centers can be more efficient in their functioning.
• Partnership with NGO- The partnership with NGO will help AKH group to reach more people who require their help.
STRATEGIC OPTIONS
In order to do skill development we can form strategy in order to divide people on the basis of different criteria which will make the task easier. The criteria can be-
• Geographical areas- The areas can be divided on the basis of areas for eg. North, west, east, south. This will make the task easier because one can easily guide and help people having less diversity.
• Literacy level- People can be divided on the basis of their education level, into literate, semi- literate and illiterate . This will help to know the training needs and requirements. This classification will help to easily differentiate people on the basis of their needs.
• Urban/ Rural areas- The classification can be made on the basis of rural and urban areas. This ...
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...lace which has wide cultural diversity. To provide primary health facilities to all the people belonging to different culture is difficult. It is because people try to treat themselves by going to neem – hakims and other places rather then coming to primary health centers. So bringing awareness is a major concern of people.
ECONOMY
Indian is a developing economy, which has great potential to become a superpower. , so primary health facilities are not that good, so it is an opportunity for this group to explore areas where they can set up their own facilities.
OUTSOURCING OPTIONS
Company can outsource medical facilities from privately run hospitals because they have world class and infrastructure and medical experts which can improve their services . It can outsource necessary equipment from foreign countries because they have access t better technology.
Outsourcing simply means acquiring services from an external organization instead of using internal resources (Butler, 2000). By using outsourced resources, organizations can gain a competitive advantage by utilizing contingent staff to accomplish strategic goals without incurring the fixed overhead. By focusing on the leading edge and highly specialized skill sets, outsourcing providers can often offer higher quality services, or at a lower price than the client organization. Typical reasons for outsourcing go beyond simple contingent staffing. Outsourcing providers are able to maintain economies of scale with regard to specialization (...
Their culture is very different and many different social determinants of health affect their population. Their ethnocentric beliefs are so different compared to the western culture, not only in natural medicine and healing but also in terms of how evident that trust is a big issue, assimilation, health equity and substance abuse. It is very difficult to have them steer away from their beliefs and accept what a foreigner(western person) is saying to them. Due to all these problems, many health disparities exist in their population, all ranging from cultural beliefs in medicine, dancing, diet, individual behavior, the built environment and social connectedness.
What is rural? On the Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website the U.S. Census Bureau defines the word "rural" to mean “whatever is not urban” ("Defining the Rural Population," n.d, p. 1). The Census Bureau describes urban centers as populations of 50,000 or more and urban clusters ...
However, health literacy is more than just read and write; it is the ability to understand and able to use health information to make choices about their health (Benyon, 2014). Low health literacy can have detrimental effect on the health of the client because it may cause misunderstand of the medical label or health information. According to McMurray & Clendon (2015), health literacy divided into three different levels which are functional, interactive/communicative and critical health literacy. As for functional levels, it is the most general and fundamental level for the general public because individuals need to receive and understand the information of health such as risk of health decision, consent forms, health instruction or medicine labels. (McMurray & Clendo , 2015) Turning to the next level, interactive/communicative health literacy, mainly involved personal skills to spread health knowledge to the community, and also , people are able to influence social norm and help others individuals to develop their personal health capacity. Because of this, understanding of how organization work and resounding communication skill which can help to support others and knowing how to get different health services other individuals need (McMurray & Clendo , 2015). The third level is critical health literacy, mainly divided to
Ideally, each health center in a district level should have a physician, a dentist, nurses, midwives, and a pharmacist assistant to deliver comprehensive and integrative primary health care including the outreach activities. However, the health center performance is relatively low because most of the local governments have little experience in providing health facilities equipped with trained health personnel. Some health centers in remote area, especially in Eastern Indonesia, have no general practitioners, nurses or midwives. A report showed that 31% out of 1165 health centers were located in remote area, about half of 31% health centers were reported having no GPs, 18% were without nurses, and 12% had no midwives, compared to the urban areas in which only 5% health centers were without physicians (Ferry Efendi et al., 2012). Most of the health staffs are reluctant to work in the remote areas and tend to work in the cities based on economic reasons. In addition, living in the remote areas with limited access of transportation and electricity is quite difficult for most of the health workers. Therefore, such conditions could
“While there is significant variation across regions, within the cities and within the rural areas, the most significant inequality is between the urban and the rural” (Saich, 2011:316).
• Solution 1 – Human resource development and training – the first option is retraining and developing the capacity of the employees to ensure they accomplish effectively their different tasks and responsibilities (Bass & Riggio, 2005). It is important because the employees would be informed about new techniques and approaches towards accomplishing different obligations and duties (Aulicino, 2006). However, the training and development of the employees may be expensive and also additional time may be consumed since the employees would be req...
Global health fails to integrate the local viewpoint of the people into their development action plan, and to make development initiative successful, the opinion of the community must be taken into account. Therefore, the local people tend to dispute the western rule that urges development strategies over their community without comprehending the wants of the people. Another major reason for the failure of global health initiative is the absence of health infrastructure in much of the growing world. Due to this fact, the global health encounters a usual obstacle of transferring extensive amounts of resources to people, usually in local and distant geographical locations, with no substantial infrastructure to work through. The community nurses, midwives, or traditional doctors are given inadequate teaching or practice opportunities to allow them to work effectively with local people for a long term success. The global health initiative often tends to spend a little time as required to assure that there is a common vision, not just temporary obligation but a chance to grow and support the skills the community need to perfectly put them in place to
According to Mathis and Jackson (2003) referred to the definition of training and development. It can be known that these behaviors are designed by the organization. In order to improve the performance of staffs. Training and development contain a large number of educational techniques and programs. “Training can consist of on-job training, off-job training, formal training, skill
Training and development is essential to employee’s retention, loyalty and overall satisfaction. When employees feel there is opportunity within a company and diversity leading the way employees pride and productivity is enhanced.
About 75% of health infrastructure, medical professionals and other health resources are localised in urban areas where 27% of the population live. The poor penetration and the basic nature of rural health is also attributed to lack of health litera...
Training is an integral part of any organization’s development and is an ongoing process. Training programs will vary according to the position held within a company. “Training is a learning experience that seeks a relatively permanent change in individuals that will improve their ability to perform on the job” (DeCenzo & Robbins, 2007, p. 223, para. 1). Good organizations can be linked with the training and development of good employees. Any organization’s success in growth and innovation is dependent upon the talent, motivation, and leadership of its employees. Efforts made to recognize the value of each employee and the job he or she performs will contribute to a workplace environment that inspires, supports, and rewards employee development.
Based on that, staff development should be based on needs and interests of employees and organization/hospital whatever knowledge and skill the employee acquire should change their behavior and orientation to
But still there is a vast skill gap that causes a mismatch between industry needs and institutional output. India being a nation with a high percentage of youth nearly 35% are between the age group of 15 to 21 who after completing their graduation are in a position to enter into a job market. But due to the lack of skills that are required for an industry many people out of that lot fail to enter the job market (Murugaia S. 2014) Employers recognize that “soft” skill development is essential for their employees. These skills are difficult to teach to employees once they are on the job. Therefore, they should be learned through development opportunities such as higher education (Arensdorf,Jill
Primary health care (PHC) is an essential care based on the pathway to meet the basic human right. According to world health organization (WHO) in 1978, primary health care was defined as the essential health care, based on practical, scientifically sound. Moreover, social acceptances method and technology, universally accessible to all in the community through their full participation, at an affordable cost, and geared towards self-reliance and self-determination. (WHO&UNICEF, 1978).primary health care shifts the emphasis of health care to the people for themself and for their needs, reinforcing and strengthening their own capacity to shape their lives. Hospital and primary health care centres then became the only one aspect of the system in which health care is provided. As a philosophy, primary health care is based on the overlap of mutuality, social justice and equality. As a strategy, primary health care focused on individual and community strengths (assets) and chance of changing (needs), it also maximizes the participation of the community, includes all relevant sectors but avoids duplication of services, and uses only health technologies that are accessible, acceptable, affordable and appropriate. Primary health care according to declaration of ‘‘Alma Ata”conference it was said that monitoring and surveillance were developing healthier societies, because of the principles of primary health care was implemented to achieve better standard of health for all people. It also addresses the main health problem in the community providing promotive, prevention of care, curative and rehabilitative services. It includes education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of...